【摘要】：執(zhí)行命令行為是指下級(jí)國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)工作人員執(zhí)行上級(jí)國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)及其工作人員的有效命令、決定的行為。執(zhí)行命令行為是一種正當(dāng)化事由：執(zhí)行合法命令的行為屬于違法性阻卻事由；一定條件下，執(zhí)行明顯違法命令的行為屬于責(zé)任阻卻事由。執(zhí)行命令行為作為一種正當(dāng)化事由，，其理論根據(jù)存在一元論與多元論的觀點(diǎn)。對(duì)于執(zhí)行命令行為的正當(dāng)化條件，刑法學(xué)界存在四要件、五要件說(shuō)和六要件說(shuō)的分歧。一般來(lái)講，執(zhí)行命令行為的正當(dāng)化應(yīng)當(dāng)具備命令的有效性、行為的合法性和目的的正當(dāng)性這三個(gè)方面的條件。當(dāng)行為人執(zhí)行明顯違法命令的行為構(gòu)成犯罪時(shí)：命令“明顯違法”是指可能造成嚴(yán)重后果甚至構(gòu)成犯罪，屬于錯(cuò)誤命令中情形較嚴(yán)重的一種；執(zhí)行明顯違法的命令且命令內(nèi)容涉及犯罪時(shí)上下級(jí)之間構(gòu)成共同犯罪；“執(zhí)行命令”可以作為法定從寬處罰情節(jié)但是不得免除處罰。
[Abstract]:The execution of an order refers to the action of a functionary of a state organ at a lower level to execute the effective orders and decisions of a higher state organ and its functionaries. The execution of an order is a justifiable cause: the execution of a lawful order belongs to the illegal hindrance; under certain conditions, the execution of the obvious illegal order belongs to the responsibility of the obstruction. Execution of orders as a legitimate cause, its theory is based on the existence of monism and pluralism. There are four elements, five elements and six elements in the field of criminal law on the justifiable conditions of the execution of orders. Generally speaking, the legitimacy of the execution of an order should have three conditions: the validity of the order, the legitimacy of the act and the legitimacy of the purpose. When the behavior of execution of obvious illegal order constitutes a crime: ordering "obvious violation" means that it may result in serious consequences or even constitute a crime, which belongs to a more serious case in the wrong order; The execution of an obviously illegal order and the contents of the order constitute a joint crime when the contents of the order involve a crime; the "execution order" may be regarded as a statutory leniency but may not be exempted from punishment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D914

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