【摘要】：我國于1982年1月1日頒布實(shí)施了《中華人民共和國懲治軍人違反職責(zé)罪暫行條例》，并在該條例中規(guī)定：“在戰(zhàn)時(shí)，對被判處三年以下有期徒刑沒有現(xiàn)實(shí)危險(xiǎn)宣告緩刑的犯罪軍人,允許其戴罪立功,確有立功表現(xiàn)時(shí),可以撤銷原判刑罰,不以犯罪論處�！边@也是我國戰(zhàn)時(shí)緩刑制度的淵源，后被原文引用，作為1997年《刑法》第449條，從而形成了我國刑法所獨(dú)有的戰(zhàn)時(shí)緩刑制度。該條文被原文引入刑法的同時(shí)，也被賦予了刑法的法律效力，其性質(zhì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生根本的變化，法律效力的提升也對該條文提出了更高的法律要求。 然而值得注意的是，目前我國尚缺乏獨(dú)立的軍事立法制度，僅將軍人違反職責(zé)罪作為刑法分則中的一個(gè)章節(jié)列入《刑法》之中，獨(dú)立性的缺失使得學(xué)界對于軍人相關(guān)犯罪內(nèi)容的研究相對缺乏前瞻度與深度，致使該制度還存在有許多的不足之處，，例如對“立功”的認(rèn)定問題以及緩刑考驗(yàn)期的設(shè)置問題，都需要進(jìn)一步地明確和細(xì)化。因此，對戰(zhàn)時(shí)緩刑制度的研究，無論從加強(qiáng)軍事立法，還是在指導(dǎo)軍事實(shí)踐活動中都具有十分重要的意義。 本文共分為四個(gè)部分：第一章主要闡述戰(zhàn)時(shí)緩刑制度的基本概況。通過對戰(zhàn)時(shí)緩刑制度的概念、特征等方面的介紹，分析戰(zhàn)時(shí)緩刑制度與一般緩刑制度的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系，指明戰(zhàn)時(shí)緩刑制度的作用與地位。第二章主要闡述戰(zhàn)時(shí)緩刑制度的三大要素，對“戰(zhàn)時(shí)”“軍人”“立功”三大要素進(jìn)行剖析，厘清戰(zhàn)時(shí)緩刑制度的適用條件。第三章主要闡述戰(zhàn)時(shí)緩刑制度的宣告及執(zhí)行，主要針對考察機(jī)關(guān)、考察內(nèi)容以考察期限這三個(gè)方面的爭議問題進(jìn)行討論，并分析研究了戰(zhàn)時(shí)緩刑制度的法律后果。第四章主要闡述了我國現(xiàn)行的戰(zhàn)時(shí)緩刑制度存在的不足之處以及相關(guān)完善的立法建議，立法建議主要針對戰(zhàn)時(shí)緩刑制度的試用對象、考驗(yàn)期以及禁止條件等方面，提出筆者的建議。
[Abstract]:On January 1, 1982, China promulgated and implemented the interim regulations of the people's Republic of China on punishing servicemen for violating their duties. If a criminal soldier who has been sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years and has no real danger of declaring a suspended sentence is allowed to pay meritorious service to him or her, he may revoke the original sentence and not be punished as a crime if he has demonstrated his meritorious service. " This is also the origin of our country's wartime probation system, which was quoted as Article 449 of the Criminal Law in 1997, thus forming the unique wartime probation system of our country's Criminal Law. The article was introduced into the criminal law, but also given the legal effect of criminal law, its nature has undergone a fundamental change, the promotion of legal effectiveness also put forward a higher legal requirements for this article. However, it is worth noting that there is no independent military legislative system in our country at present. Only the crime of general violation of duty is included in the Criminal Law as a section of the Criminal Law. The lack of independence makes the academic research on the content of crimes related to military personnel relatively lack of foresight and depth, resulting in the system still has many shortcomings, such as the "meritorious service" and probation of the setting of the problem. Both need further clarification and refinement. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the system of probation in wartime, not only from strengthening military legislation, but also from guiding military practice. This paper is divided into four parts: the first chapter mainly describes the basic situation of the system of wartime probation. By introducing the concept and characteristics of the system of probation in wartime, this paper analyzes the difference and relation between the system of probation in wartime and the system of probation in general, and points out the function and status of the system of probation in wartime. The second chapter mainly expounds the three elements of the system of wartime probation, analyzes the three elements of "wartime" and "serviceman", "meritorious service", and clarifies the applicable conditions of the system. The third chapter mainly expounds the declaration and implementation of the system of wartime probation, mainly aimed at the inspection organs, the contents of the investigation to investigate the duration of these three aspects of the dispute issues, and analyzed and studied the legal consequences of the system of wartime probation. The fourth chapter mainly expounds the shortcomings of the current system of wartime probation in our country and the relevant perfect legislative suggestions, which are mainly aimed at the trial object, the test period and the prohibition conditions of the system. The author's suggestion is put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D924.1

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