【摘要】：近年來,“見危不救”事件頻頻出現(xiàn),見危不救造成了嚴(yán)重的危害后果和惡劣的社會影響,社會道德底線受到嚴(yán)重沖撞,見危不救應(yīng)否承擔(dān)法律責(zé)任的問題,在我國引起了強(qiáng)烈關(guān)注。學(xué)術(shù)界有很多法學(xué)家們都提出建議見危不救行為應(yīng)納入到刑法規(guī)制的范疇;在多年的全國人大代表會議上,有多名人大代表多次提出了增設(shè)“見危不救罪”的立法議案;早在我國古代很多個朝代都有見危不救的相關(guān)立法,而在國外的一些國家如法國、德國、意大利等國家見危不救的立法已相當(dāng)成熟。針對我國目前沒有見危不救刑事立法的現(xiàn)狀,而一系列的案例告訴我們,見危不救的“看客”們越來越多,社會道德滑坡和淪喪現(xiàn)象越來越嚴(yán)重,僅僅從道德上來唾罵譴責(zé)已不能很好地解決日趨突出的矛盾,再不加用法律手段來規(guī)制,中國幾千年來的道德文明必將毀掉,這絕不是小事,不容小覷。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文先從一組見危不救的案例引出思考,再從見危不救的涵義入手,分析見危不救入刑的必要性及可行性,通過比較分析法對見危不救罪立法展開研究。本文加上引言共分為五個部分,具體內(nèi)容如下:首先在引言部分例舉了幾個十分有代表性的見危不救的案例,引出道德與法律之爭,點出有關(guān)見危不救在我國刑事立法上屬空白區(qū)域,提出立法所要面臨的問題,確定本文要研究見危不救入刑的主題。正文的第一部分對見危不救行為進(jìn)行概述,介紹見危不救的定義,見危不救的類型和表現(xiàn)形式及出現(xiàn)的原因,同時介紹我國學(xué)者對見危不救是否入刑的不同觀點,并提出筆者贊成見危不救入刑的觀點。正文第二部分主要是論證見危不救入刑的必要性和可行性,必要性從明確見危不救行為的社會危害性,指出見危不救行為具有普遍性,和現(xiàn)實需要的緊迫性來論證;可行性從法理學(xué)中法的價值、法與正義、人權(quán)、秩序、法與社會、道德等找到可行的法理依據(jù),再從刑法謙抑性來分析,最后認(rèn)為司法困局不應(yīng)成為見危不救的障礙,具有可行性。正文第三部分主要是通過例舉的方式介紹我國古代見危不救的立法規(guī)定及國外見危不救的立法規(guī)定,及我國現(xiàn)行的立法狀況,點明見危不救入刑有跡可循,有立法經(jīng)驗借鑒。正文第四部分著重分析見危不救罪的構(gòu)成要件,分別從主體、主觀方面、客體和客觀方面四個方面詳細(xì)分析,并通過借鑒國外立法確定罪名、對比國內(nèi)相似立法確定法定刑,設(shè)計出見危不救罪的完整法條。
[Abstract]:In recent years, there have been frequent incidents of "seeing danger or not saving", which has caused serious harmful consequences and adverse social effects. The bottom line of social morality has been seriously collided, and the question of whether or not to bear legal responsibility for failure to save is a problem. It has aroused strong concern in our country. In academic circles, many jurists have proposed that the act of not rescuing from danger should be included in the scope of criminal law regulation; at the National people's Congress Congress for many years, many deputies to the National people's Congress have put forward several legislative bills to add "see danger not to save crime"; As early as many dynasties in ancient China, there is no rescue legislation, but in some foreign countries such as France, Germany, Italy and other countries to see no rescue legislation has been quite mature. In view of the fact that there is no criminal legislation in our country at present, a series of cases tell us that there are more and more "spectators" who see danger and do not save, and the phenomenon of social moral decline and loss is becoming more and more serious. Just from the moral point of view scolding and denouncing can not solve the increasingly prominent contradiction, no more legal means to regulate, China's thousands of years of moral civilization will be destroyed, this is no small matter, should not be underestimated. On this basis, this paper first from a group of cases of danger not to save the thinking, and then from the meaning of not saving, analysis of the necessity and feasibility of seeing danger not to save the punishment, through comparative analysis of the crime of seeing danger not to save the legislation to begin research. This article plus the introduction is divided into five parts, the specific contents are as follows: first of all, in the introduction, I cite a few representative cases, leading to the moral and legal disputes. This paper points out the blank area in our country's criminal legislation, puts forward the problems to be faced by the legislation, and determines the theme of this paper. The first part of the text summarizes the behavior of seeing danger and not saving, introduces the definition, types, manifestations and causes of the failure to save, and introduces the different views of Chinese scholars on whether to see danger or not. And put forward that the author agreed to see danger do not save the point of view. The second part of the text is mainly to demonstrate the necessity and feasibility of seeing danger and not saving the punishment. The necessity is demonstrated from the social harmfulness of the behavior of seeing danger and not saving, and points out that the act of seeing danger and not saving is universal, and the urgency of reality needs to demonstrate. The feasibility is analyzed from the value of law in jurisprudence, law and justice, human rights, order, law and society, morality and so on, and then analyzed from the modesty of criminal law. It is feasible. The third part of the text mainly introduces the legislative provisions of our country in ancient times and the legislative provisions of foreign countries, and the current legislative situation of our country, and points out that there are signs to be followed and legislative experience to be used for reference. The fourth part of the text focuses on the analysis of the constitutive elements of the crime of failure to save danger, respectively from the subject, subjective, objective and objective aspects of the four aspects of detailed analysis, and through the use of foreign legislation to determine the charges, compared with similar domestic legislation to determine the statutory punishment. Design the complete law that sees danger does not save crime.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D924.3

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