【摘要】：兒童因?yàn)槟挲g、智力發(fā)展和身體成長(zhǎng)等局限決定其處于弱勢(shì)的地位,成為父母、教師和其他社會(huì)成員保護(hù)的對(duì)象。但在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中卻存在著一些成年人利用自身優(yōu)勢(shì)采用暴力或非暴力等手段侵害兒童身心健康的事件。溫嶺幼師虐童事件備受爭(zhēng)議,是因?yàn)閷?duì)該案件的處理凸顯出我國(guó)在防止兒童受虐立法方面存有一定漏洞,虐童案件發(fā)生后依據(jù)刑法卻找不到相應(yīng)的罪名對(duì)施虐者予以處罰,縱觀現(xiàn)存法律也沒(méi)有一部專(zhuān)門(mén)的防止兒童受虐的法律。虐童行為主要涉及四個(gè)罪名：虐待罪、侮辱罪、故意傷害罪和尋釁滋事罪。但是虐待罪的主體僅限于家庭內(nèi)部人員；侮辱罪有手段惡劣、后果嚴(yán)重的要求;故意傷害罪要求所造成的傷害必須要達(dá)到輕傷或以上的程度；尋釁滋事罪侵害的客體為社會(huì)公共秩序。依據(jù)刑法罪刑法定的原則,顏某的行為并不符合這些犯罪的構(gòu)成要件,最后的處理結(jié)果是將顏某予以無(wú)罪釋放。這凸顯出我國(guó)在兒童保護(hù)立法方面存在有一定的缺陷和不足。本文從分析虐童種類(lèi)、后果和原因入手,著重分析案件的司法處理過(guò)程,在此基礎(chǔ)上,借鑒國(guó)外已經(jīng)成熟防治虐童立法,找出我國(guó)立法方面存在的漏洞。最后在分析這些問(wèn)題的基礎(chǔ)上,提出一些立法建議和對(duì)策。以期可以預(yù)防虐童事件的發(fā)生并對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了的虐童事件進(jìn)行處罰時(shí)可以有法可依。
[Abstract]:Because of the limitations of age, intellectual development and physical growth, children are in a weak position and are protected by their parents, teachers and other members of society. However, in real life, some adults use their own advantages to use violence or non-violence to attack children's physical and mental health. The child abuse incident in Wenling kindergarten teachers is controversial because the handling of the case highlights the loopholes in the legislation of preventing child abuse in our country. After the child abuse case occurred, however, it was unable to find a corresponding crime to punish the abuser according to the criminal law. Throughout the existing laws, there is no specific law to prevent child abuse. Child abuse mainly involves four offences: maltreatment, insult, intentional injury and provocation. However, the main body of the crime of maltreatment is limited to the personnel of the family; the crime of insulting has the request of bad means and serious consequences; the injury caused by the crime of intentional injury must reach the degree of slight injury or above; The object of aggression is public order. According to the principle of legality in criminal law, Yan Mou's behavior does not accord with the constitutive requirements of these crimes, and the final result is that Yan Mou is acquitted. This highlights that there are certain defects and deficiencies in child protection legislation in China. Starting with the analysis of the types, consequences and causes of child abuse, this paper focuses on the judicial processing of cases, and on this basis, draws lessons from the mature legislation of child abuse prevention and control abroad, and finds out the loopholes in our legislation. Finally, on the basis of analyzing these problems, some legislative suggestions and countermeasures are put forward. In order to prevent the occurrence of child abuse and to punish the child abuse that has already occurred, there can be laws to follow.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.1;D924.3;D923

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