本文選題：性權(quán)利 + 強奸罪　； 參考：《重慶大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：對當(dāng)代社會個體來說，性自由和性權(quán)利是憲法賦予的一項重要的人身權(quán)利。性權(quán)利具有不可侵犯性，因此，對男性與女性來說，他們的性權(quán)利理受到刑法的無差別保護(hù)，不應(yīng)因為性別差異而存在區(qū)別對待。從封建社會開始，在漫長的歷史發(fā)展中，受社會男尊女卑等傳統(tǒng)性文化的影響，我們形成了對性犯罪的特定看法，性權(quán)利的保護(hù)呈單極化發(fā)展。在傳統(tǒng)刑法理論看來，強奸罪的對象只能由女性構(gòu)成而不可能為男性。然而在當(dāng)代社會，隨著社會的發(fā)展和各種不良思潮的影響，現(xiàn)實生活中一些非典型性侵犯形式和案件大量涌現(xiàn)，男性性自主權(quán)利受到侵犯的事實頻頻出現(xiàn)。但是相應(yīng)的，在處理這些案件的司法實踐中我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，我國關(guān)于性犯罪的法律規(guī)制方面出現(xiàn)了立法盲點，大量男性被害人由于刑法在此處的真空狀態(tài)，自己的權(quán)利無法得到有效和針對性的救濟(jì)。本文就以這一現(xiàn)實問題作為依托，以性犯罪中男性受害者為切入點，重點討論對男性性權(quán)利進(jìn)行明確刑法保障的必要性，結(jié)合實際，提出將男性納入強奸罪受害人的立法建議。 本文正文在結(jié)構(gòu)上共有五個部分，約二萬八千余字。 在正文第一部分，作者對我國強奸罪進(jìn)行了概述。本章從強奸罪的含義和本質(zhì)特征談起，從犯罪構(gòu)成角度討論我國強奸罪的立法現(xiàn)狀，聯(lián)系實際揭示現(xiàn)行刑法中強奸罪在設(shè)置上存在的問題。 第二部分主要討論的是在我國男性遭受不法性侵害的現(xiàn)實狀況。作者舉出一個具有代表性的男性性侵案件，闡述其在司法審判上出現(xiàn)的疑似判決錯位的問題，由此揭示我國刑法在保護(hù)男性性權(quán)利這一層面上的不足和缺陷。緊接著，作者深入討論并總結(jié)了造成忽視男性性權(quán)利保護(hù)這一現(xiàn)狀的原因。 在第三部分，作者從實證和法理兩個角度討論將男性納入強奸罪受害人范圍的必要性。由此得出，對強奸罪進(jìn)行立法改革，不僅是社會現(xiàn)實發(fā)展的必然要求，更是刑法平等保護(hù)公民合法權(quán)利任務(wù)的體現(xiàn)。 第四部分作者采用橫向比較的方法，，對域外各國和地區(qū)的強奸罪刑事立法和改革進(jìn)行考察。作者翻閱大量材料，以英美法系、大陸法系國家和我國臺灣地區(qū)關(guān)于男性性權(quán)利的相關(guān)法律為角度，總結(jié)了國際上強奸罪立法和改革的趨勢，為我國刑法對于強奸罪的設(shè)置提供改革的思路和經(jīng)驗。 在最后一部分，作者提出了將男性納入強奸罪對象范圍的立法建議，在強奸罪立法上增設(shè)一條針對男性性權(quán)利保護(hù)的特別規(guī)定。具體方案操作上從擴(kuò)大強奸罪的主體和對象范圍，模糊性別色彩，客觀上擴(kuò)大強奸行為方式，對性交進(jìn)行再定義等幾個方面上進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。另外，作者還建議根據(jù)具體情況的差別規(guī)定不同的刑責(zé)條件，對強奸罪法定刑進(jìn)行完善。
[Abstract]:To the individual of contemporary society, sexual freedom and sexual right is an important personal right given by the Constitution. Sexual rights are inviolable, therefore, for men and women, their sexual rights are protected indiscriminately by criminal law and should not be treated differently because of gender differences. From the feudal society, in the long history of development, by the influence of traditional culture, such as the superiority of men and women, we formed a specific view of sexual crimes, the protection of sexual rights showed a one-polarization development. In the view of traditional criminal law theory, the object of rape can only be constituted by women and not by men. However, in contemporary society, with the development of society and the influence of various unhealthy thoughts, a large number of atypical infringement forms and cases have emerged in real life, and the fact that male sexual autonomy rights have been violated frequently appears. But correspondingly, in the judicial practice of dealing with these cases, we find that there are legislative blind spots in the legal regulation of sexual offences in our country, and a large number of male victims are in this vacuum due to the criminal law. One's own rights cannot be effectively and purposefully remedied. Based on this realistic problem and taking male victims of sexual crimes as the starting point, this paper focuses on the necessity of clear criminal law protection of male sexual rights, and puts forward some legislative proposals to include men in rape crime victims. There are five parts in the structure of the text, about 28000 words. In the first part of the text, the author summarizes the crime of rape in China. This chapter starts with the meaning and essential characteristics of the crime of rape, discusses the present legislative situation of the crime of rape in our country from the angle of the constitution of the crime, and reveals the problems existing in the establishment of the crime of rape in the current criminal law. The second part mainly discusses the actual situation of male being unlawfully violated in our country. The author cites a representative case of male sexual assault and expounds the problem of suspected mismatch of judgment in the judicial trial, which reveals the shortcomings and defects of Chinese criminal law in protecting male sexual rights. Then, the author discusses and summarizes the reasons for neglecting the protection of male sexual rights. In the third part, the author discusses the necessity of bringing male into the scope of rape victim from the perspective of empirical and legal theory. It is concluded that the legislative reform of the crime of rape is not only the inevitable requirement of the development of social reality, but also the embodiment of the equal protection of citizens' legal rights in criminal law. In the fourth part, the author uses the method of horizontal comparison to investigate the criminal legislation and reform of the crime of rape in foreign countries and regions. From the angle of the relevant laws on male sexual rights in Anglo-American law system, civil law system and Taiwan area, the author summarizes the trend of legislation and reform of rape crime in the world. To provide reform ideas and experience for the establishment of rape crime in criminal law of our country. In the last part, the author puts forward a legislative proposal to bring male into the scope of rape crime, and adds a special provision to protect male sexual rights in rape legislation. The concrete scheme is improved in several aspects, such as enlarging the scope of the subject and object of the crime of rape, blurring the gender color, expanding objectively the way of rape, redefining sexual intercourse and so on. In addition, the author suggests that the statutory punishment of rape should be perfected according to the different conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D924.3

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