本文選題：被害人過錯(cuò) + 刑法意義��； 參考：《貴州民族大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在我國(guó)現(xiàn)行刑法典中并沒有關(guān)于被害人過錯(cuò)的明文規(guī)定，只是在司法實(shí)踐中作為一個(gè)酌定量刑情節(jié)。雖然被害人過錯(cuò)已經(jīng)引起了理論界和司法實(shí)務(wù)部門的普遍重視，但也僅僅是停留在理論研究的層面，沒有形成一個(gè)權(quán)威的學(xué)說，司法實(shí)踐中也沒有一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在認(rèn)定被害人存在過錯(cuò)的案件時(shí)困難極大。因此，，將被害人過錯(cuò)作為一個(gè)法定量刑情節(jié)明文規(guī)定在刑法典中是理論界和司法實(shí)務(wù)部門亟待解決的問題。本文對(duì)被害人過錯(cuò)刑法意義的研究，希望可以引起刑法學(xué)界對(duì)被害人過錯(cuò)問題的重視，拓展刑法學(xué)理論的研究領(lǐng)域，同時(shí)，也希望司法實(shí)踐中處理有關(guān)被害人過錯(cuò)的案件時(shí)，考慮被害人過錯(cuò)在犯罪中起到的作用，對(duì)犯罪人正確定罪量刑。本文也提到了一些對(duì)被害人過錯(cuò)立法的建議，雖然只是一些粗淺的認(rèn)識(shí)，只是希望對(duì)以后被害人過錯(cuò)的立法提供一點(diǎn)微薄之力。 本文共分為三個(gè)部分： 第一部分是關(guān)于我國(guó)被害人過錯(cuò)相關(guān)概念的綜述。首先，比較分析犯罪學(xué)、刑事訴訟法學(xué)以及刑法學(xué)等學(xué)科領(lǐng)域中被害人概念的界定，提出了本文被害人的概念，并進(jìn)一步研究分析了被害人過錯(cuò)的概念。其次，從被害人過錯(cuò)的主體、被害人過錯(cuò)的主客觀性、被害人過錯(cuò)時(shí)間的確定性、被害人過錯(cuò)的關(guān)聯(lián)性、被害人過錯(cuò)要達(dá)到一定的程度等五個(gè)方面分析了被害人過錯(cuò)的特征，并對(duì)被害人過錯(cuò)進(jìn)行分類。最后，概述了被害人過錯(cuò)在刑法學(xué)領(lǐng)域中影響定罪和量刑的意義。 第二部分是被害人過錯(cuò)刑法意義的依據(jù)。被害人過錯(cuò)在刑法領(lǐng)域中的依據(jù)分為理論依據(jù)和規(guī)范依據(jù)。首先，研究分析了國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于被害人過錯(cuò)刑法意義理論根據(jù)的相關(guān)學(xué)說：責(zé)任分擔(dān)理論、譴責(zé)性降低理論、主客觀并和理論、期待可能性降低理論以及自我答責(zé)理論，并提出了保護(hù)法益的刑罰目的的理論。其次，列舉了有關(guān)被害人過錯(cuò)在國(guó)外的立法經(jīng)驗(yàn)，分別從大陸法系、英美法系兩個(gè)個(gè)部分進(jìn)行分析。 第三部分是被害人過錯(cuò)在適用中的問題及解決建議。從法律規(guī)范和司法實(shí)踐兩個(gè)方面分析了被害人過錯(cuò)在適用中的問題。并從立法和司法實(shí)踐兩個(gè)方面提出了完善的建議。
[Abstract]:There is no explicit provision on the fault of the victim in the current criminal law of our country, but only as a discretionary circumstances of sentencing in judicial practice. Although the fault of the victim has aroused the general attention of the theory circle and the judicial practice department, but also only stays in the theoretical research plane, has not formed an authoritative theory, the judicial practice also does not have a unified standard, It is very difficult to find that the victim is at fault. Therefore, taking the fault of the victim as a statutory circumstance of sentencing is an urgent problem to be solved in the criminal code. In this paper, the author hopes that the research on the meaning of the criminal law of the victim's fault can arouse the attention of the criminal law circles to the problem of the victim's fault, expand the research field of the criminal law theory, and at the same time, hope that when dealing with the case of the victim's fault in the judicial practice, Considering the role of the victim's fault in the crime, the offender should be correctly convicted and sentenced. This article also mentioned some suggestions on the legislation of victim fault, although it is only some superficial understanding, just hope to provide a little bit of power to the legislation of victim fault in the future. This paper is divided into three parts: The first part is about our country victim fault related concept summary. Firstly, the author compares and analyzes the definition of victim in the fields of criminology, criminal procedure law and criminal law, puts forward the concept of victim in this paper, and further studies and analyzes the concept of victim fault. Secondly, it analyzes the characteristics of victim fault from five aspects: the subject of victim fault, the subjective objectivity of victim fault, the certainty of victim fault time, the relevance of victim fault, the fault of victim to a certain extent. And the fault of the victim is classified. Finally, the author summarizes the significance of the victim's fault in the field of criminal law. The second part is the basis of the criminal meaning of the victim's fault. The basis of victim fault in the criminal law field is divided into theoretical basis and normative basis. First of all, it analyzes the relevant theories about the theoretical basis of the criminal law meaning of the victim's fault at home and abroad: the theory of responsibility sharing, the theory of reprehensible reduction, the theory of subjective, objective and objective, the theory of expected possibility reduction and the theory of self-responsibility-answering. And put forward the theory of penalty purpose of the law. Secondly, the author enumerates the legislative experience of victims' fault in foreign countries and analyzes it from two parts: civil law system and common law system. The third part is the victim fault in the application of the problems and solutions. This paper analyzes the application of victim's fault from two aspects: legal norm and judicial practice. And put forward the perfect suggestion from the legislative and judicial practice two aspects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D924

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本文編號(hào)：1957231