本文選題：個人信息 + 私法保護�。� 參考：《天津師范大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著社會與科技的不斷發(fā)展,人類已經(jīng)步入了信息社會。與農(nóng)業(yè)社會、工業(yè)社會的核心經(jīng)濟資源不同的是,在信息社會中,信息已經(jīng)成為社會的核心經(jīng)濟資源,成為人們生活中必不可少的資源。在這樣的現(xiàn)實條件下,社會上存在著許多政府機構(gòu)及商業(yè)主體收集及不法使用個人信息的現(xiàn)象,侵犯公民個人信息的現(xiàn)象日益凸顯。 從我國立法上來看,2009年通過的《刑法修正案(七)》增加了保護公民個人信息的相關(guān)條款,但是在私法層面上我國并沒有對個人信息進行法律保護,完善立法是國家履行對公民權(quán)益保護責任的最主要體現(xiàn)。我國對個人信息的法律保護還不夠完善,出臺一部專門的《個人信息保護法》應(yīng)當成為我國當前保護個人信息的重點。借鑒他國的優(yōu)良做法能夠使我國在立法上少走一些彎路,通過分析兩大法系中的美國模式與德國模式,可以了解兩者的優(yōu)缺點,并根據(jù)我國的具體情況,合理吸收他們的精華。對于兩種模式的選擇,我國應(yīng)當選擇統(tǒng)一立法型的德國模式,對個人信息的保護應(yīng)當進行統(tǒng)一的立法。 本文研究的重點在于如何對個人信息進行私法保護,怎樣從私法層面上對個人信息進行保護。首先本文剖析了個人信息的概念與內(nèi)容,只有在了解個人信息內(nèi)容的情況下才能對其進行私法保護。本文明確了個人信息的內(nèi)涵外延、主要分類以及法律屬性,然后探究對個人信息進行私法保護的理由。其次本文認為個人信息私法保護的基本方法包括兩種途徑,一種是以權(quán)利的方法進行保護,另一種是通過法益的方法進行保護。然后分析我國目前對個人信息保護的基本格局,對現(xiàn)有立法中已經(jīng)規(guī)定的能夠包含個人信息的各項權(quán)利,如姓名權(quán)、肖像權(quán)、名譽權(quán)、榮譽權(quán)、隱私權(quán)等進行分析。再次,對兩大法系中的美國模式和德國模式進行介紹,美國模式是以隱私權(quán)為基礎(chǔ)來保護個人信息,而與美國不同,德國是以一般人格權(quán)為基礎(chǔ)來保護個人信息,分析兩者的差異,進而結(jié)合我國實際,認為我國應(yīng)當借鑒德國模式,借鑒德國對個人信息保護以一般人格權(quán)為基礎(chǔ)的方式。最后,筆者分析了“權(quán)利化”與“法益化”兩種路徑的利弊,分析了國內(nèi)學者對于個人信息保護的兩種路徑選擇上的不同觀點,在此基礎(chǔ)上得出了對個人信息保護進行“權(quán)利化”并不合理的結(jié)論,本文主張應(yīng)當對個人信息包含的特定個人信息利益進行“法益化”的保護。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of society and science and technology, mankind has entered the information society. Different from the agricultural society and the industrial society, in the information society, the information has become the core economic resources of the society and the essential resources in people's life. Under such realistic conditions, there are many phenomena of collecting and illegally using personal information by many government agencies and commercial subjects, and the phenomenon of infringing on citizens' personal information is becoming more and more prominent. From the point of view of the legislation of our country, the Criminal Law Amendment (7) passed in 2009 increases the relevant provisions to protect the personal information of citizens, but in the level of private law, our country does not carry on the legal protection to the personal information. Perfect legislation is the most important embodiment of the country's responsibility to protect the rights and interests of citizens. The legal protection of personal information in our country is not perfect, so it should be the focal point of protecting personal information in our country to issue a special personal information protection law. Using the good practices of other countries for reference can make our country take a few detours in legislation. By analyzing the American model and the German model in the two legal systems, we can understand the advantages and disadvantages of the two models, and reasonably absorb their essence according to the concrete situation of our country. For the choice of the two models, our country should choose the German model of unified legislation, and the protection of personal information should be unified legislation. This paper focuses on how to protect personal information in private law and how to protect personal information from private law level. First, this paper analyzes the concept and content of personal information, only in the context of understanding the content of personal information can be protected by private law. This paper clarifies the connotation and extension of personal information, its main classification and legal attributes, and then probes into the reasons for the private law protection of personal information. Secondly, this paper holds that the basic method of private law protection of personal information includes two ways, one is to protect by right method, the other is to protect by means of legal interest. Then it analyzes the basic pattern of personal information protection in our country, and analyzes the rights that can contain personal information, such as name right, portrait right, reputation right, honor right, privacy right and so on. Thirdly, the American model and the German model in the two major legal systems are introduced. The American model is to protect personal information on the basis of privacy, and different from the United States, Germany protects personal information on the basis of general personality right. By analyzing the difference between the two, and combining the reality of our country, we think that our country should draw lessons from the German model and draw lessons from the German way of protecting personal information on the basis of the general personality right. Finally, the author analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the two paths of "right" and "legal interest", and analyzes the different views of domestic scholars on the choice of two paths for personal information protection. On this basis, the author draws the conclusion that it is unreasonable to "right" the personal information protection. This paper argues that the specific personal information interests should be protected by "legalization".
【學位授予單位】：天津師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D923;D924.3

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本文編號：1955600