本文選題：國家機關工作人員 + 主犯��； 參考：《湖南大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著國家人事制度改革的推進，國家機關、事業(yè)單位、國有企業(yè)等體制內單位探索形成了多種形式的用工制度，出現(xiàn)了各種稱謂的編外人員，其中又以政法部門為最，如法院的聘任制書記員、聘用制書記員、合同制法警，公安機關的協(xié)警、輔警和巡防隊員等。這類人員的共同特點是：他們不是正式公務員，但又都或多或少從事與公務相關的工作。由于以上特點，當這類人員發(fā)生違法行為特別是涉嫌構成犯罪時，如何認定其身份成為司法實踐中的爭議焦點，進而導致定罪量刑的重大不確定性。同時，該類人員的相關刑事案件在主犯與從犯區(qū)分、受賄罪、濫用職權罪與敲詐勒索罪相關罪名的確定等法律適用方面也可能存在爭議。對該系列爭議，首先需要解決的是犯罪主體身份的認定問題，也就是要解決以什么標準界定國家工作人員的問題。當前，學理界主要有身份說、公務說和身份與職責結合說三種觀點，同一行為在不同的觀點下將會產生不同的身份認定結果。三個觀點側重點不同，也各有優(yōu)缺點。其次，刑法中的共同犯罪部分有“絕望的一章”的說法，這從一定程度上說明主犯與從犯區(qū)分的復雜性。此外，受賄罪、濫用職權罪與敲詐勒索罪三個罪名間既有聯(lián)系又有區(qū)別，受賄罪與濫用職權罪有共同的犯罪主體，在一定的條件下存在數罪并罰的情況。受賄罪與敲詐勒索罪在犯罪的客觀方面有相似性，，但由于兩罪犯罪主體的差異，同一行為只可能構成其中一罪，不會出現(xiàn)受賄罪與敲詐勒索罪數罪并罰的情況。論文通過分析巡防隊員杜某等人受賄案件中影響定罪量刑的三個爭議焦點，依次研究了此類案件中國家機關工作人員身份認定、主犯與從犯區(qū)分及罪名確定等三個法律適用問題。
[Abstract]:With the advancement of the reform of the national personnel system, units in the systems of state organs, institutions, state-owned enterprises, etc., have explored and formed various forms of employment systems, resulting in various forms of non-staff personnel with various appellations, among which the political and legal departments are the most important.Such as the appointment of court clerks, the appointment of clerks, contract bailiffs, public security organs, auxiliary police and patrol officers.The common feature of such personnel is that they are not formal civil servants, but they are more or less engaged in civil service related work.As a result of the above characteristics, how to determine the identity of such persons, especially when they are suspected to constitute a crime, becomes the focus of controversy in judicial practice, which leads to the great uncertainty of conviction and sentencing.At the same time, the relevant criminal cases of this kind of personnel in the main and accessory crime distinction, bribery crime, abuse of power crime and extortion related offences related to the determination of the law may also be controversial.For this series of disputes, the first issue to be solved is the identification of the subject of crime, that is, to solve the problem of defining the state functionary by what criteria.At present, there are three kinds of views in the academic circle: identity theory, official theory and identity and duty theory, and the same behavior will produce different results of identity determination under different viewpoints.Each of the three points of view has its own merits and demerits.Secondly, there is a "desperate chapter" in the part of joint crime in criminal law, which explains the complexity of the distinction between principal and accessory to some extent.In addition, the crime of accepting bribes, the crime of abuse of power and the crime of extortion are related to and different from each other.The crime of accepting bribes and the crime of extortion are similar in the objective aspect of the crime, but because of the difference of the subject of the two crimes, the same act can only constitute one of the crimes, and there will not be the situation that the crime of accepting bribes and the crime of extortion are punished in combination with the crime of extortion.By analyzing the three focal points of controversy in the bribery case of patrol member du Mou et al., the paper studies the identification of the personnel of the state organ in this kind of case in turn.There are three problems in the application of the law: the distinction between principal offender and accessory offender and the determination of charge.
【學位授予單位】：湖南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D924.392

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