【摘要】：就無罪判決而言,新《刑事訴訟法》已經(jīng)確定了疑罪從無原則。但是由于司法觀念文化、司法權(quán)力格局、被害人心理情緒、司法能力建設(shè)等方面的原因,“有法可依—疑罪從無原則已經(jīng)確立”與“有法必依—真正能夠?qū)σ勺锇讣婪ㄐ鏌o罪”之間,還存在一定的差距。要在全社會普遍樹立無罪推定、疑罪從無依然是“路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)”。法院審判是刑事訴訟實(shí)現(xiàn)法律公平正義的最后一道防線,針對刑事司法實(shí)踐中頻繁出現(xiàn)的冤假錯案以及證據(jù)存疑的無罪判決難的實(shí)際問題,如何構(gòu)建科學(xué)合理的無罪裁判機(jī)制,正確把握疑罪從無,保障人民法院能夠依法合理地進(jìn)行無罪判決,這是我們司法實(shí)踐中亟需解決的問題。本文首先通過論證證據(jù)存疑無罪判決的理論基礎(chǔ),接著說明證據(jù)存疑無罪判決目前的中國現(xiàn)狀以及從立法、司法機(jī)關(guān)內(nèi)部、訴訟觀念、法官的裁判能力這四個方面來分析導(dǎo)致證據(jù)存疑無罪判決難以作出的原因并討論了證據(jù)存疑無罪判決難以作出而導(dǎo)致的種種現(xiàn)實(shí)危害。在本文的第三個部分也對大陸法系以及英美法系中有關(guān)證據(jù)存疑無罪判決的相關(guān)規(guī)定進(jìn)行了考察,試圖得到能夠解決我國證據(jù)存疑無罪判決難這個實(shí)際問題的相關(guān)借鑒。最后,提出本人關(guān)于構(gòu)建科學(xué)合理的無罪判決機(jī)制的幾點(diǎn)設(shè)想,希望能夠?yàn)橥苿铀痉w制的改革與進(jìn)步貢獻(xiàn)一點(diǎn)綿薄之力。同時透過對無罪判決的研究,也能夠有效打擊犯罪和保護(hù)人權(quán),積極維護(hù)司法機(jī)關(guān)的公信力和權(quán)威以及保障社會的和諧與穩(wěn)定。
[Abstract]:As far as the acquittal is concerned, the new Code of Criminal procedure has established that there is no principle for suspected offences. However, due to the culture of judicial concept, the pattern of judicial power, the psychological mood of the victim, and the construction of judicial capacity, and so on, There is still a certain gap between "there is law to abide by-there is no principle of suspect crime has been established" and "there is a certain gap between" there is a law must be abided by-can truly acquit a suspected crime case according to law ". In order to establish the presumption of innocence in the whole society, suspect crime is still a long way. Court trial is the last line of defense for the realization of legal fairness and justice in criminal procedure. In view of the frequent cases of wrongs and wrongs in criminal judicial practice and the practical problems of the difficulty of acquittal judgment in evidence, how to construct a scientific and reasonable adjudication mechanism of innocence is how to construct a scientific and reasonable adjudication mechanism of innocence. It is an urgent problem in our judicial practice to correctly grasp the non-existence of suspected crimes and ensure that the people's courts can carry out the verdict of innocence in accordance with the law. This paper first demonstrates the theoretical basis of the conviction of suspected innocence of evidence, and then explains the present situation of the verdict of doubt and innocence of evidence and the concept of litigation from the perspective of legislation, internal judicial organs, and litigation. The four aspects of judge's adjudicative ability are to analyze the reasons why it is difficult to make a suspect acquittal judgment of evidence and discuss all kinds of practical harm caused by the difficulty of making a suspect acquittal judgment of evidence. In the third part of this paper, the author also makes an investigation of the relevant provisions in the continental law system and the common law system concerning the verdict of suspected innocence of evidence, and tries to obtain some relevant references that can solve the practical problem of the difficulty of the verdict of doubt and innocence of evidence in the civil law system and the common law system. Finally, the author puts forward some ideas on how to construct a scientific and reasonable acquittal mechanism, hoping to contribute a little contribution to the reform and progress of the judicial system in the hope of promoting the reform and progress of the judicial system. At the same time, through the study of acquittal, it can also effectively combat crime and protect human rights, actively safeguard the credibility and authority of the judiciary, and ensure the harmony and stability of the society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D925.2

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