【摘要】：少年司法制度是否完備是衡量一個(gè)國(guó)家法治程度的重要標(biāo)志之一。由于未成年人身心發(fā)育不成熟、心智不健全,很容易在受到外界不良因素影響之后,走上犯罪的道路。為了避免在未成年階段的犯罪行為影響其以后的發(fā)展,國(guó)際社會(huì)普遍認(rèn)為有必要建立針對(duì)未成年人的權(quán)利保護(hù)制度,涉罪未成年人隱私權(quán)保護(hù)就是其中一項(xiàng)重要的內(nèi)容。在我國(guó),《未成年人保護(hù)法》、《預(yù)防未成年人犯罪法》以及《刑事訴訟法》中都對(duì)涉罪未成年人隱私權(quán)的保護(hù)做了規(guī)定。但在實(shí)踐中仍然暴露出該制度的一些問(wèn)題——不僅法律規(guī)定存在缺陷,同時(shí)還缺少涉罪未成年人隱私權(quán)保護(hù)機(jī)制及機(jī)構(gòu)。為了保護(hù)未成年人的合法權(quán)益,保證即便是有犯罪行為的未成年人也能在接受改造之后順利回歸社會(huì),成為對(duì)國(guó)家有用的守法公民,我們必須保護(hù)他們的隱私權(quán),完善相關(guān)的法律制度。本文在闡述涉罪未成年人隱私權(quán)保護(hù)的相關(guān)概念和論證保護(hù)涉罪未成年人隱私權(quán)的價(jià)值的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)我國(guó)目前涉罪未成年人隱私權(quán)的保護(hù)現(xiàn)狀以及原因進(jìn)行分析,并結(jié)合國(guó)外相關(guān)制度,提出完善我國(guó)涉罪未成年人隱私權(quán)保護(hù)制度的建議。論文主要分為四個(gè)部分,首先,論文界定了涉罪未成年人以及涉罪未成年人隱私權(quán)的概念,闡述了未成年人隱私權(quán)保護(hù)的相關(guān)理論,論證了涉罪未成年人隱私權(quán)保護(hù)的價(jià)值及重要意義。論文第二部分主要針對(duì)我國(guó)涉罪未成年人隱私權(quán)保護(hù)的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析,認(rèn)為目前的制度實(shí)踐主要存在刑事訴訟過(guò)程中司法機(jī)關(guān)保護(hù)不到位、犯罪記錄封存制度落實(shí)困難、媒體報(bào)道侵害未成年人隱私權(quán)以及傳統(tǒng)的司法手段無(wú)法滿足隱私權(quán)侵權(quán)的救濟(jì)需要等問(wèn)題。其次,文章分析了產(chǎn)生上述問(wèn)題的原因主要有以下幾點(diǎn):隱私權(quán)保護(hù)的法律規(guī)定存在缺陷、隱私權(quán)保護(hù)的公權(quán)力缺位、犯罪記錄封存制度存在缺陷以及媒體報(bào)道的無(wú)限制。筆者在分析原因的同時(shí),借鑒國(guó)外的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn),提出一些自己的看法。在此基礎(chǔ)上,論文對(duì)我國(guó)涉罪未成年人隱私權(quán)保護(hù)提出了相關(guān)建議,包括:完善未成年人隱私權(quán)保護(hù)的法律法規(guī)、加強(qiáng)公權(quán)力對(duì)于隱私權(quán)的保護(hù)、完善犯罪記錄封存制度以及規(guī)范媒體的報(bào)道行為等。
[Abstract]:Whether juvenile justice system is perfect or not is one of the important signs to measure the degree of rule of law in a country. Due to the immature physical and mental development of minors, it is easy to follow the path of crime after being influenced by bad external factors. In order to avoid the influence of minor crime on its future development, the international community generally believes that it is necessary to establish a system of rights protection for minors, and the protection of minor's privacy is one of the important contents. In China, the Law on the Protection of minors, the Law on the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency and the Code of Criminal procedure all provide for the protection of the right to privacy of minors involved in crimes. In practice, however, there are still some problems in the system-not only the defects of the law, but also the protection mechanism and institution of the minor's privacy in the crime are lacking. In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of minors, and to ensure that even minors who have committed criminal acts can return to society smoothly after being reformed and become law-abiding citizens useful to the country, we must protect their right to privacy. Improve the relevant legal system. On the basis of expounding the related concepts and demonstrating the value of protecting the right of privacy of the minor involved in crime, this paper analyzes the current situation and reasons of the protection of the right of privacy of the minor involved in crime in our country. Combined with the relevant foreign systems, the author puts forward some suggestions to improve the privacy protection system of minors involved in crime. The thesis is mainly divided into four parts. Firstly, the paper defines the concept of the minor involved in crime and the right to privacy of the minor involved in crime, and expounds the relevant theory of the protection of the right to privacy of the minor. This paper demonstrates the value and significance of the privacy protection of minors involved in crime. The second part of the paper mainly analyzes the status quo of the protection of the privacy of minors involved in crime in our country, thinks that the current system practice mainly exists in the process of criminal proceedings, the protection of judicial organs is not in place, and the storage system of criminal records is difficult to implement. Media reports infringe on the right to privacy of minors and the traditional judicial means can not meet the need of remedy for the infringement of the right to privacy. Secondly, the paper analyzes the main reasons for the above problems: the defects of the legal provisions of privacy protection, the absence of public power to protect the right to privacy, the defects of the system of sealing criminal records and the unrestricted reporting by the media. While analyzing the reasons, the author draws lessons from the successful experience of foreign countries and puts forward some views. On this basis, the paper puts forward some suggestions on the protection of the right to privacy of minors involved in crime, including: perfecting the laws and regulations of the protection of the right to privacy of minors and strengthening the protection of the right to privacy by public power. Improve the system of keeping criminal records and standardize the reporting behavior of the media and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D925.2

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