【摘要】：行政首次判斷權(quán)理論是指法院在司法審查的過(guò)程中,應(yīng)尊重行政機(jī)關(guān)對(duì)行政事務(wù)作出優(yōu)先判斷及處理的權(quán)力;對(duì)行政機(jī)關(guān)職權(quán)范圍內(nèi)的事項(xiàng),法院一般只能在行政機(jī)關(guān)進(jìn)行首次判斷之后,才能進(jìn)行審判。該理論源起于日本,其最初被創(chuàng)立的目的在于否定課予義務(wù)訴訟和預(yù)防性不作為訴訟;后來(lái),該理論趨于"緩和",其主要作用變?yōu)橄拗魄笆鰞深?lèi)訴訟。該理論的正當(dāng)性依據(jù)是權(quán)力分立原則、司法國(guó)家體制下司法權(quán)的特性以及行政權(quán)的優(yōu)勢(shì)等。我國(guó)行政審判法官們已開(kāi)始運(yùn)用該理論來(lái)裁判案件,但存在不太恰當(dāng)甚至錯(cuò)誤適用該理論的情形。今后,我國(guó)應(yīng)進(jìn)一步借鑒域外這一理論,從立法上明確課予義務(wù)判決中尊重行政機(jī)關(guān)首次判斷權(quán)的情形,修正該類(lèi)判決中否定行政機(jī)關(guān)首次判斷權(quán)的路徑,并確立預(yù)防性不作為訴訟。
[Abstract]:The theory of the right of administrative first judgment means that the court should respect the power of the administrative organ to make the first judgment and deal with the administrative affairs in the process of judicial review. For matters within the jurisdiction of the administrative organ, the court can only try the matter after the first judgment of the administrative organ. The theory originated in Japan and was originally founded to negate compulsory litigation and preventive omission litigation. Later, the theory tended to be "relaxed" and its main role became to restrict the two types of litigation. The legitimacy of the theory is based on the principle of separation of powers, the characteristics of judicial power under the judicial system and the advantages of administrative power. The administrative judges of our country have begun to use this theory to judge cases, but there are some cases where the theory is not properly or even wrongly applied. In the future, our country should draw lessons from the theory of extra-territorial, make clear in legislation the situation of respecting the first judgment right of the administrative organ in the compulsory judgment, and amend the way of denying the first judgment right of the administrative organ in this kind of judgment. And establish preventive omission litigation.
【作者單位】： 中南大學(xué)法學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家社科基金一般項(xiàng)目“司法與行政互動(dòng)的法律規(guī)制研究”(15BFX013)的階段性成果 法治湖南建設(shè)與區(qū)域社會(huì)治理協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心平臺(tái)建設(shè)的成果
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D925.3

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