我國違法所得沒收程序的完善
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-15 10:44
【摘要】：2012年《刑事訴訟法》設(shè)立了犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡案件違法所得沒收程序(以下簡稱“違法所得沒收程序”),開啟了我國違法所得沒收的司法處理途徑。在解決我國貪污賄賂犯罪案件贓款外流問題,打擊日益猖獗的恐怖活動方面,違法所得沒收程序起著至關(guān)重要作用。但因違法所得沒收程序的性質(zhì)不明確,程序規(guī)則較粗糙,實務(wù)經(jīng)驗不足等原因使其無法完全達到立法者期望之功用。全文以刑訴法及“兩高”等機關(guān)制定的司法解釋為依據(jù),厘清本程序的基本框架,分析和明確了程序的概念和性質(zhì),為我國違法所得沒收程序的完善提供理論依據(jù)和路徑。 全文共五個部分,具體為： 第一部分主要探討了本程序的基礎(chǔ)理論。簡要闡述本程序的概念及意義,對程序基本概念方面有了初步的認(rèn)知和了解。通過形式與內(nèi)容兩個側(cè)面對我國違法所得沒收程序的性質(zhì)進行全面的分析論證,指出并闡明了我國違法所得沒收程序既是刑事訴訟程序又是保安處分措施的基本性質(zhì)。 第二部分簡要闡述了本程序的法律框架。以《刑事訴訟法》及相關(guān)司法解釋對違法所得沒收程序的規(guī)定為藍本,對我國違法所得沒收程序的適用規(guī)則、審理程序、違法所得的處理及救濟措施和終止條件等四個方面內(nèi)容進行了分析和研究。 第三部分概括介紹了本程序的域外考察及啟示。以英美法系的民事沒收模式和大陸法系的刑事沒收體例為基準(zhǔn),解讀了歐美、大洋洲、亞洲等部分國家的沒收程序,并從中為我國違法所得沒收程序的完善尋找啟示和經(jīng)驗。 第四部分簡單分析了本程序存在的問題及原因分析。以《刑事訴訟法》及相關(guān)司法解釋為藍本,通過沒收范圍界定不明、證明標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的缺失、上訴期限過短、利害關(guān)系參與審判的短板、適用范圍的界定過大、犯罪行為人歸案后處置的簡單化等六個方面來分析存在的問題,為進一步推進我國違法所得沒收程序的完善做準(zhǔn)備。 第五部分提出了本程序的完善建議。以存在的問題為基礎(chǔ),圍繞程序基本性質(zhì),從明確沒收范圍、確立合理的證明標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、擴展上訴期限、建立通知參加的利害關(guān)系人參與方式、限制違法所得沒收程序的適用范圍、建立犯罪行為人歸案后的分類處置方式等方面提出我國違法所得沒收程序的完善建議。
[Abstract]:In 2012, the Criminal procedure Law established the criminal suspect, the accused fled to hide, the death case illegal income confiscation procedure (hereinafter referred to as "the illegal income confiscation procedure"), opened our country illegal income confiscation judicial processing way. The procedure of confiscation of illegal proceeds plays an important role in solving the problem of the outflow of proceeds from corruption and bribery cases in our country and in cracking down on the increasingly rampant terrorist activities. However, due to the unclear nature of illegal income confiscation procedure, rough rules of procedure and lack of practical experience, it is unable to fully meet the expectations of legislators. Based on the judicial interpretation made by the Criminal procedure Law and the "two High levels", this paper clarifies the basic framework of this procedure, analyzes and clarifies the concept and nature of the procedure, and provides a theoretical basis and path for the perfection of the procedure of confiscation of illegal income in China. The first part mainly discusses the basic theory of this program. This paper briefly describes the concept and significance of the program, and has a preliminary understanding of the basic concept of the program. Based on the analysis and demonstration of the nature of illegal income confiscation procedure in China, the author points out and clarifies that the confiscation procedure is not only a criminal procedure but also a basic nature of security measures. The second part briefly describes the legal framework of this procedure. Based on the provisions of the Criminal procedure Law and the relevant judicial interpretations on the procedure for confiscation of illegal income, the applicable rules of the procedure for confiscation of illegal income in China and the trial procedure shall be taken as the basis. The treatment of illegal proceeds and relief measures and termination conditions are analyzed and studied. The third part introduces the foreign investigation and enlightenment of this procedure. Based on the civil confiscation model of Anglo-American law system and the criminal confiscation style of continental law system, this paper interprets the confiscation procedures of some countries, such as Europe and America, Oceania, Asia and so on, and looks for enlightenment and experience for the perfection of illegal income confiscation procedure in our country. The fourth part simply analyzes the problems and causes of this program. Based on the Criminal procedure Law and related judicial interpretations, the scope of confiscation is unclear, the standard of proof is missing, the appeal period is too short, the interested parties participate in the trial, and the scope of application is too large. This paper analyzes the existing problems in six aspects, such as the simplification of the disposition after the perpetrator is brought to justice, in order to prepare for the further improvement of the confiscation procedure of illegal income in China. The fifth part puts forward the perfect suggestion of this procedure. On the basis of existing problems and around the basic nature of the procedure, from defining the scope of confiscation, establishing reasonable standards of proof, extending the time limit for appeal, establishing the participation mode of interested parties notified of participation, and limiting the scope of application of the procedure of confiscation of illegal income, The author puts forward some suggestions to improve the procedure of confiscation of illegal income in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：海南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D925.2
本文編號：2333082
[Abstract]:In 2012, the Criminal procedure Law established the criminal suspect, the accused fled to hide, the death case illegal income confiscation procedure (hereinafter referred to as "the illegal income confiscation procedure"), opened our country illegal income confiscation judicial processing way. The procedure of confiscation of illegal proceeds plays an important role in solving the problem of the outflow of proceeds from corruption and bribery cases in our country and in cracking down on the increasingly rampant terrorist activities. However, due to the unclear nature of illegal income confiscation procedure, rough rules of procedure and lack of practical experience, it is unable to fully meet the expectations of legislators. Based on the judicial interpretation made by the Criminal procedure Law and the "two High levels", this paper clarifies the basic framework of this procedure, analyzes and clarifies the concept and nature of the procedure, and provides a theoretical basis and path for the perfection of the procedure of confiscation of illegal income in China. The first part mainly discusses the basic theory of this program. This paper briefly describes the concept and significance of the program, and has a preliminary understanding of the basic concept of the program. Based on the analysis and demonstration of the nature of illegal income confiscation procedure in China, the author points out and clarifies that the confiscation procedure is not only a criminal procedure but also a basic nature of security measures. The second part briefly describes the legal framework of this procedure. Based on the provisions of the Criminal procedure Law and the relevant judicial interpretations on the procedure for confiscation of illegal income, the applicable rules of the procedure for confiscation of illegal income in China and the trial procedure shall be taken as the basis. The treatment of illegal proceeds and relief measures and termination conditions are analyzed and studied. The third part introduces the foreign investigation and enlightenment of this procedure. Based on the civil confiscation model of Anglo-American law system and the criminal confiscation style of continental law system, this paper interprets the confiscation procedures of some countries, such as Europe and America, Oceania, Asia and so on, and looks for enlightenment and experience for the perfection of illegal income confiscation procedure in our country. The fourth part simply analyzes the problems and causes of this program. Based on the Criminal procedure Law and related judicial interpretations, the scope of confiscation is unclear, the standard of proof is missing, the appeal period is too short, the interested parties participate in the trial, and the scope of application is too large. This paper analyzes the existing problems in six aspects, such as the simplification of the disposition after the perpetrator is brought to justice, in order to prepare for the further improvement of the confiscation procedure of illegal income in China. The fifth part puts forward the perfect suggestion of this procedure. On the basis of existing problems and around the basic nature of the procedure, from defining the scope of confiscation, establishing reasonable standards of proof, extending the time limit for appeal, establishing the participation mode of interested parties notified of participation, and limiting the scope of application of the procedure of confiscation of illegal income, The author puts forward some suggestions to improve the procedure of confiscation of illegal income in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：海南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D925.2
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，本文編號：2333082
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