【摘要】：近年來,我國環(huán)境污染日益嚴重,生態(tài)環(huán)境不斷惡化。環(huán)境民事公益訴訟成為理論學術(shù)界的熱點話題,各地人民法院也逐步開展環(huán)境民事公益訴訟探索實踐。隨著《民事訴訟法》、《環(huán)境保護法》的修改,以及最高人民法院、最高人民檢察院出臺頒布一系列環(huán)境民事公益訴訟司法解釋和規(guī)范性文件,我國環(huán)境民事公益訴訟實踐進入快速發(fā)展階段。然而環(huán)境民事公益訴訟在司法實踐中仍然暴露出諸多問題,具體的程序規(guī)則可操作性不強,在原告資格、舉證責任、鑒定、調(diào)解等程序上仍存在不足和弊端,因此需要構(gòu)建一套符合實際審理需求的環(huán)境民事公益訴訟程序規(guī)則體系。本文共分六個部分。第一部分,環(huán)境民事公益訴訟程序規(guī)則的概述,介紹我國環(huán)境民事公益訴訟程序規(guī)則的發(fā)展歷程,以時間順序分析了其程序規(guī)則在立法和司法實踐中的演變,進一步分析了程序規(guī)則的公益性和職權(quán)性的特征。第二部分,具體剖析了國內(nèi)外環(huán)境民事公益訴訟程序規(guī)則實踐,國內(nèi)部分主要介紹了貴陽、云南、江蘇三個具有代表性的環(huán)境民事公益訴訟實踐,重點分析了其程序規(guī)則的亮點;國外部分考察了美國、印度和日本的環(huán)境民事公益訴訟程序規(guī)則實踐,并從其先進做法中獲得一定的啟示。第三部分,環(huán)境民事公益訴訟起訴程序,主要闡述了環(huán)境民事公益訴訟原告資格的立法規(guī)定,并分析了原告資格存在的問題,重點討論了公民、環(huán)保行政主管部門、檢察機關(guān)以及社會組織是否具備提起環(huán)境民事公益訴訟的權(quán)利。第四部分,環(huán)境民事公益訴訟審前程序,主要介紹了設(shè)立審前程序的必要性,以及審前程序存在的問題,重點分析了環(huán)境民事公益訴訟審前程序中的釋明權(quán)。第五部分,環(huán)境民事公益訴訟審判程序,主要從舉證責任的分配、鑒定、調(diào)解三個方面進行論述,分析了這三大程序規(guī)則的必要性和存在的問題。第六部分,完善環(huán)境民事公益訴訟程序規(guī)則的法律路徑,主要從起訴程序、審前程序和審判程序三個角度出發(fā),對我國環(huán)境民事公益訴訟程序規(guī)則提出一些完善性建議。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's environmental pollution is increasingly serious, the ecological environment is deteriorating. Environmental civil public interest litigation has become a hot topic in academic circles, and local people's courts have gradually carried out environmental civil public interest litigation exploration practice. With the revision of the Civil procedure Law, the Environmental Protection Law, and the promulgation of a series of judicial interpretations and normative documents by the Supreme people's Court and the Supreme people's Procuratorate, China's environmental civil public interest litigation practice has entered a rapid development stage. However, environmental civil public interest litigation is still exposed many problems in judicial practice, the specific procedural rules are not operable, in the plaintiff's qualification, burden of proof, identification, mediation and other procedures are still inadequate and malpractice, Therefore, it is necessary to construct a set of environmental civil public interest litigation procedure rules system in accordance with the actual needs of trial. This paper is divided into six parts. The first part is an overview of the procedural rules of environmental civil public interest litigation, introduces the development of environmental civil public interest procedural rules in China, and analyzes the evolution of the procedural rules in legislative and judicial practice in chronological order. Further analysis of the procedural rules of public welfare and functions and powers of the characteristics. In the second part, the author analyzes the practice of environmental civil public interest litigation rules at home and abroad. The domestic part mainly introduces three representative environmental civil public welfare litigation practices in Guiyang, Yunnan and Jiangsu. Focusing on the highlights of its procedural rules, the foreign part investigates the practice of environmental civil public interest procedural rules in the United States, India and Japan, and obtains some enlightenment from its advanced practices. The third part, the environmental civil public interest litigation procedure, mainly elaborated the environmental civil public interest litigation plaintiff qualification legislation stipulation, and analyzed the plaintiff qualification existence question, has discussed the citizen, the environmental protection administration department emphatically, Whether procuratorial organs and social organizations have the right to initiate environmental civil public interest litigation. The fourth part, the environmental civil public interest litigation pretrial procedure, mainly introduces the necessity of setting up the pretrial procedure, as well as the problems existing in the pretrial procedure, focusing on the analysis of the environmental civil public interest litigation pretrial procedure of the right of interpretation. The fifth part, the environmental civil public interest litigation trial procedure, mainly from the burden of proof distribution, appraisal, mediation three aspects to discuss, analyzed the three procedural rules of necessity and existing problems. The sixth part, perfect the legal path of the environmental civil public interest litigation procedure rule, mainly from the prosecution procedure, the pretrial procedure and the trial procedure three angles, put forward some perfect suggestions to our country environment civil public interest lawsuit procedure rule.
【學位授予單位】：浙江農(nóng)林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D925.1

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