發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-10 17:23

【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)水平的提高,刑事犯罪的案件數(shù)也在增多,這使得司法機(jī)關(guān)的壓力愈發(fā)增大。雖然我國已經(jīng)通過引入簡易程序,被告人認(rèn)罪的普通刑事案件簡易審等制度對(duì)司法體制進(jìn)行了改革,但并不能完全地解決這一問題。而產(chǎn)生于美國的辯訴交易制度則能在較大程度上提高訴訟效率,并因此被許多國家納入立法范疇。辯訴交易制度一般指控辯雙方在法院開庭審判之前,對(duì)與定罪、量刑等問題進(jìn)行協(xié)商,最終由檢察機(jī)關(guān)向法院提出從寬處罰的建議等方式,以此來換取被告人的有罪答辯。我國雖尚未引入辯訴交易制度,但該制度中的許多理念均可被借鑒吸收,從而緩解司法機(jī)關(guān)的壓力現(xiàn)狀,這也是本文論述的核心觀點(diǎn)之一本文共分為五個(gè)章節(jié)進(jìn)行敘述：首先是對(duì)辯訴交易制度的概念進(jìn)行了解析并梳理了辯訴交易制度的理論基礎(chǔ),之后以黑龍江省“辯訴交易第一案”的案件分析作為引入,并闡述了一些該事件所引發(fā)的事后影響的細(xì)節(jié),進(jìn)而提出辯訴交易制度可能被引入我國的設(shè)想。第二章則具體地對(duì)辯訴交易制度引入我國的必要性進(jìn)行了分析,主要包括提高訴訟效率的要求,彌補(bǔ)現(xiàn)有程序的不足以及從被害人的利益角度出發(fā)等三個(gè)方面。第三章則分析了辯訴交易制度本土化的可行性,這也是為引入該制度提供依據(jù),具體內(nèi)容包括構(gòu)建和諧社會(huì)的要求,刑事和解制度的立法啟示,實(shí)用主義與契約主義的深入發(fā)展以及當(dāng)事人主義訴訟結(jié)構(gòu)的引入等四個(gè)方面。但應(yīng)當(dāng)預(yù)見到,新制度的引入必將面臨著重重考驗(yàn)。因此第四章著重分析了在進(jìn)行制度本土化過程中可能遭受到的障礙,如作為辯訴交易制度基礎(chǔ)的實(shí)用主義與契約文化在我國尚未被完全接受,訴訟結(jié)構(gòu)與辯訴交易制度不相匹配,檢察機(jī)關(guān)的起訴裁量權(quán)的范圍較小以及我國沉默權(quán)制度的被接納程度等四個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容。本文的最后則對(duì)辯訴交易制度引入我國的可能形式進(jìn)行了勾勒,這也是全文中較為重要的一部分,該部分中一方面涉及到制度本身的設(shè)計(jì),如主體、范圍、內(nèi)容、程序以及效力分析,但由于這一制度與我國的司法制度相脫節(jié)可能造成較大的障礙,所以另一方面涉及了相關(guān)制度的改革,如之前章節(jié)所提到的檢察機(jī)關(guān)的起訴裁量權(quán)問題,以及此外關(guān)于辯護(hù)律師權(quán)利保護(hù)的完善和極為重要的證據(jù)開示制度的完善。辯訴交易制度在如美國等國家發(fā)揮了巨大的作用,但也引發(fā)了一定的不良后果。任何制度都可能是一把雙刃劍,我國在引入辯訴交易制度時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)在制度設(shè)計(jì)上將該制度本土化,對(duì)其優(yōu)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行充分借鑒,而盡量減少其不良影響,從而建立中國特色的辯訴交易制度。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of social and economic level, the number of criminal cases is also increasing, which makes the pressure of the judiciary increasing. Although China has reformed the judicial system through the introduction of summary procedure and the summary trial of ordinary criminal cases in which the accused pleads guilty, this problem cannot be solved completely. The plea bargaining system, which originated in the United States, can improve the efficiency of litigation to a great extent, and is brought into the scope of legislation by many countries. Plea bargaining system generally refers to the prosecution and defense in court before the trial, and the conviction, sentencing and other issues are negotiated, and finally by the procuratorial organs to the court to put forward lenient punishment, and so on, in exchange for the defendant's guilty defense. Although the plea bargaining system has not yet been introduced in our country, many of the ideas in the system can be used for reference and absorbed, thus alleviating the pressure on the judicial organs. This is also one of the core points discussed in this paper, which is divided into five chapters: firstly, it analyzes the concept of plea bargaining system and combs the theoretical basis of plea bargaining system. Then it introduces the case analysis of "the first case of plea bargaining" in Heilongjiang Province, and expounds some details of the after-effect caused by the event, and then puts forward the assumption that the system of plea bargaining may be introduced into our country. The second chapter concretely analyzes the necessity of introducing plea bargaining system into our country, including the requirements of improving the efficiency of litigation, making up for the deficiency of existing procedure and proceeding from the angle of the interests of the victims. The third chapter analyzes the feasibility of localization of plea bargaining system, which also provides the basis for the introduction of the system, including the requirements of building a harmonious society, the legislative enlightenment of the criminal reconciliation system. The further development of pragmatism and contract doctrine and the introduction of litigant litigation structure. However, it should be predicted that the introduction of the new system will be faced with many tests. Therefore, the fourth chapter focuses on the analysis of the obstacles that may be encountered in the process of institutional localization, such as pragmatism and contract culture, which are the basis of plea bargaining system, have not been fully accepted in our country. The litigation structure does not match with the plea bargaining system, the scope of prosecution discretion of procuratorial organs is relatively small, and the degree of acceptance of the right to silence system in China is four aspects. The last part of this paper outlines the possible forms of plea bargaining system introduced into our country, which is also an important part of the full text. On the one hand, it involves the design of the system itself, such as subject, scope, content, etc. Procedure and effectiveness analysis, but because the disconnection between this system and the judicial system of our country may cause great obstacles, on the other hand, it involves the reform of relevant system, such as the prosecution discretion of the procuratorial organ mentioned in the previous chapter. In addition, the protection of the rights of defense counsel and the perfection of the extremely important system of discovery of evidence. Plea bargaining system has played a great role in countries such as the United States, but also caused some adverse consequences. Any system may be a double-edged sword. When introducing plea bargaining system, our country should localize the system, draw lessons from its advantages, and minimize its adverse effects. So as to establish the system of plea bargaining with Chinese characteristics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D925.2

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本文編號(hào)：2235111