【摘要】：近年來(lái)，在西方社會(huì)的影響下，隱私權(quán)觀念在我國(guó)逐漸深入人心。作為一項(xiàng)法律權(quán)利，民事領(lǐng)域的相關(guān)研究已經(jīng)較為成熟，但是在刑事領(lǐng)域，隱私權(quán)研究依然處于初步階段。事實(shí)上，與公民互相之間的隱私權(quán)侵犯相比，國(guó)家公權(quán)力對(duì)公民個(gè)人隱私權(quán)帶來(lái)的潛在威脅更為突出。在刑事訴訟程序中，特別是在偵查階段，為了確保打擊犯罪的及時(shí)性，偵查機(jī)關(guān)需要收集大量證據(jù)，其中勢(shì)必會(huì)涉及到當(dāng)事人諸多方面的隱私。對(duì)于被害人而言，他或她已經(jīng)因?yàn)榉缸镌馐艿截?cái)產(chǎn)、人身以及精神等各方面的侵害，，一旦其隱私信息被不當(dāng)收集或使用，必定會(huì)對(duì)其造成二次侵害。就目前的理論研究而言，上述問題并沒有為廣大學(xué)者所重視，針對(duì)偵查程序中人權(quán)保障的研究依然局限于人身權(quán)、財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)等傳統(tǒng)領(lǐng)域，而人權(quán)保障所指向的對(duì)象仍多為犯罪嫌疑人。 在此背景下，本文嘗試就偵查程序中被害人隱私權(quán)保護(hù)這一問題展開研究，全文共有以下四個(gè)部分組成： 第一部分是對(duì)偵查程序中被害人隱私權(quán)保護(hù)基礎(chǔ)理論的闡述。首先從隱私權(quán)的發(fā)展歷程說(shuō)開去，探討隱私從一種意識(shí)逐漸演變?yōu)橐环N權(quán)利，從一種民法上的權(quán)利逐漸上升為憲法上的權(quán)利；其次是對(duì)本文中被害人隱私權(quán)的內(nèi)涵進(jìn)行界定，為研究奠定理論基礎(chǔ)；最后是對(duì)偵查程序中被害人隱私權(quán)保護(hù)的價(jià)值進(jìn)行評(píng)析。 第二部分是對(duì)偵查程序中被害人隱私權(quán)保護(hù)的域外考察，通過(guò)對(duì)歐美部分國(guó)家、亞洲部分國(guó)家，包括我國(guó)香港和臺(tái)灣地區(qū)的相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行考察，從中吸取可以借鑒的有益經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 第三部分是我國(guó)偵查程序中被害人隱私權(quán)保護(hù)的現(xiàn)狀分析，具體分為兩個(gè)方面:一方面是對(duì)我國(guó)現(xiàn)階段有關(guān)偵查程序中被害人隱私權(quán)保護(hù)的主要法律進(jìn)行梳理，從中發(fā)現(xiàn)立法的不足；另一方面是對(duì)偵查程序中被害人隱私權(quán)最容易受到侵犯的幾個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行具體分析，包括詢問被害人、人身檢查以及偵查信息公開。 第四部分是偵查程序中被害人隱私權(quán)保護(hù)的路徑選擇，這也是本文研究的結(jié)論所在。要完善偵查程序中被害人的隱私權(quán)保護(hù)，一是要完善被害人隱私權(quán)保護(hù)的相關(guān)立法；二是確立偵查信息公開制度；三是要增強(qiáng)偵查程序中被害人防御能力；四是要提高偵查人員執(zhí)法能力。
[Abstract]:In recent years, under the influence of western society, the concept of privacy has gradually become popular in our country. As a legal right, the relevant research in the field of civil law has been mature, but in the criminal field, the study of privacy is still in the preliminary stage. In fact, compared with the infringement of privacy among citizens, the potential threat of national public power to individual privacy is more prominent. In criminal proceedings, especially in the investigation stage, in order to ensure the timeliness of cracking down on crime, the investigative organs need to collect a large number of evidence, which will inevitably involve many aspects of the privacy of the parties. For the victim, he or she has suffered property, personal and spiritual violations because of the crime. Once his or her privacy information is improperly collected or used, he or she will inevitably cause secondary infringement. As far as the current theoretical research is concerned, the above problems have not been taken seriously by the majority of scholars. The research on the protection of human rights in the investigation procedure is still confined to traditional fields such as personal rights, property rights, and so on. But the human rights guarantee target is still mostly the criminal suspect. In this context, this paper attempts to study the protection of the victim's right to privacy in the investigation procedure. The thesis consists of four parts as follows: the first part expounds the basic theory of the protection of the victim's right of privacy in the procedure of investigation. First of all, from the perspective of the development of the right to privacy, to explore the privacy from a sense of gradual evolution into a right, from a civil law rights to constitutional rights; secondly, the meaning of the right to privacy of victims in this article is defined. Finally, it evaluates the value of the protection of the victim's right of privacy in the procedure of investigation. The second part is the extraterritorial investigation of the protection of victim privacy in the investigation procedure, through the investigation of some countries in Europe and America, some countries in Asia, including Hong Kong and Taiwan, we can learn from the useful experience. The third part is the analysis of the current situation of the protection of the victim's right to privacy in the investigation procedure of our country, which is divided into two aspects: on the one hand, it is to sort out the main laws concerning the protection of the victim's right to privacy in the investigation procedure at this stage. On the other hand, the author makes a concrete analysis of the most vulnerable aspects of the victim's right to privacy in the investigation procedure, including questioning the victim, personal examination and the publicity of investigation information. The fourth part is the path choice of victim privacy protection in investigation procedure, which is the conclusion of this paper. In order to perfect the protection of the victim's right of privacy in the investigation procedure, the first is to perfect the relevant legislation of the protection of the victim's right of privacy, the second is to establish the public system of investigation information, the third is to strengthen the defense ability of the victim in the procedure of investigation. Fourth, it is necessary to improve the ability of investigators to enforce the law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D925.2

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