【摘要】：“臨時救濟”一直是英美法上的概念,但在中國民事訴訟法學研究中把該概念外延擴大,囊括了大陸法系中的類似概念。例如德國民事訴訟法中的“民事保全”,包含“假扣押”與“假處分”,法國民事訴訟法中的“緊急審理裁定”和“依申請作出裁定的程序”,日本民訴法中的“假扣押與假處分的執(zhí)行程序”。因此,臨時救濟制度涵蓋了假扣押、假處分、證據保全以及假執(zhí)行等制度的功能。對其可定義如下:在訴訟前或訴訟中,為了彌補通常救濟的滯后性缺陷,以保全將來判決的強制執(zhí)行,暫時確定糾紛狀態(tài),防止證據滅失或以后難以取得,滿足當事人緊迫需要為目的而采取臨時措施的制度。雖然立法上尚沒有這種提法，但是學術界卻把它們統(tǒng)稱為臨時性救濟制度，在我國臨時性救濟制度經過了這些年的變革和完善，形成了包含財產保全、行為保全、先予執(zhí)行這一系列制度在內的全方面的比較完善的制度。 法律界一直流行著一種法諺“遲到的正義為非正義”在通常的訴訟程序對權利保護的相對滯后性這一缺陷在現(xiàn)代社會暴露的越來越明顯，甚至使訴訟這一救濟手段成為形式陷入無能、無力的境地的情況下，設置臨時救濟制度，以解決通常的訴訟程序所不能及時給予原告救濟的問題，具有重要意義。它保證了訴訟救濟的及時性、有效性，從而也就保證了訴訟公正和效益的實現(xiàn)。它配合通常的訴訟程序，兩者相結合，組成了完備、高效的訴訟運行機制，對保護當事人----尤其是權利受到侵害的原告的權益起到了不可低估的作用。 各國都對臨時救濟制度規(guī)定了施用要件。本文通過對臨時救濟制度進行英美法系和大陸法系的對比以發(fā)現(xiàn)區(qū)別，，更好的取長補短，取其精華，并對我國臨時救濟制度的運行現(xiàn)狀和存在問題進行考察，以期對民事訴訟臨時救濟制度的完善提出更加健全和切實的建議。
[Abstract]:"temporary relief" has always been a concept in Anglo-American law, but it has been extended in the study of Chinese civil procedural law to include similar concepts in the civil law system. For example, "civil protection" in the German Code of Civil procedure includes "false seizure" and "false disposition", "urgent hearing decisions" and "procedures for making decisions on application" in the French Civil procedure Code, The execution procedure of false seizure and false punishment in Japanese Civil procedure Law. Therefore, the interim relief system covers the functions of false seizure, false disposition, evidence preservation and false execution. It can be defined as follows: in order to make up for the lag defects of the usual relief, to preserve the enforcement of future judgments, to determine the state of the dispute temporarily, to prevent the loss of evidence or the difficulty of obtaining the evidence, before or during the proceedings, The system of taking interim measures for the purpose of meeting the urgent needs of the parties. Although there is no such reference in legislation, the academic circles refer to them as temporary relief system. After years of reform and perfection, the temporary relief system in our country has formed including property preservation, act preservation, and so on. The first implementation of this series of systems, including all aspects of a more perfect system. The legal profession has been popular with the legal saying "late justice for injustice" the relative lag in the protection of rights in ordinary proceedings has become increasingly apparent in modern society. It is of great significance to set up a temporary relief system to solve the problem that the litigation procedure can not give the plaintiff relief in time even if the remedy means of litigation becomes the form of incompetence and powerlessness. It ensures the timeliness and effectiveness of litigation relief, thus ensuring the realization of litigation justice and benefit. It cooperates with the common litigation procedure, and combines the two together, forming a complete and efficient litigation operation mechanism, which plays an important role in protecting the rights and interests of the parties, especially the plaintiff whose rights have been infringed. All countries set out the conditions for the application of the temporary relief system. This paper compares the temporary relief system between the Anglo-American law system and the continental law system to find out the difference, to better learn from each other, to take the essence of the temporary relief system, and to investigate the current situation and existing problems of the temporary relief system in our country. In order to improve the system of temporary relief in civil proceedings and put forward more sound and practical recommendations.
【學位授予單位】：河北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D925.1

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