本文選題：以審判為中心 + 刑事庭審實(shí)質(zhì)化　； 參考：《中南財(cái)經(jīng)政法大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：刑事庭審實(shí)質(zhì)化是我國庭審方式改革的重要落腳點(diǎn),也是“以審判為中心”訴訟制度改革的基本要求,其核心在于通過庭審的方式準(zhǔn)確地認(rèn)定被告人的刑事責(zé)任。然而在我國長期的在司法實(shí)踐中一直存在著訴訟結(jié)構(gòu)不合理、審判階段控辯雙方法律地位不平等、法官角色定位不明確、直接言詞原則和證據(jù)裁判程序不完善等諸多問題,致使刑事審判程序形式化。為此要真正實(shí)現(xiàn)庭審實(shí)質(zhì)化,必須從刑事庭審的各個方面入手,著力構(gòu)建以庭審為中心的裁判機(jī)制,實(shí)現(xiàn)控辯雙方平等對抗、對被告人訴訟權(quán)利予以充分的保護(hù),同時完善證人出庭作證制度,強(qiáng)化庭審中的舉證、質(zhì)證、認(rèn)證環(huán)節(jié),以期能夠消除庭審虛化的成因,在訴訟層面實(shí)現(xiàn)庭審的實(shí)質(zhì)化。本文分為四部分。第一部分就刑事庭審實(shí)質(zhì)化作出概述,主要是對刑事庭審實(shí)質(zhì)化產(chǎn)生背景、價(jià)值目標(biāo)及功能等方面進(jìn)行分析。本文認(rèn)為刑事庭審實(shí)質(zhì)化是對庭審形式化深刻反思的結(jié)果、也是審判中心理念的逐步強(qiáng)化和刑事庭審方式改革的必然要求。而刑事庭審實(shí)質(zhì)化以實(shí)現(xiàn)案件的公正審判、確立司法權(quán)威和公信力,保障被告人的權(quán)利為價(jià)值目標(biāo),從而保證庭審準(zhǔn)確認(rèn)定案件事實(shí),防范冤假錯案等功能的實(shí)現(xiàn)。第二部分本文主要從三個方面論述了庭審實(shí)質(zhì)化的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)問題。從訴訟結(jié)構(gòu)角度來說,庭審需要實(shí)現(xiàn)控辯平等、保證法官的中立地位;從審判原則角度看,審判應(yīng)遵循公開審理、直接言詞、辯論質(zhì)證、集中審理等原則;從證據(jù)的運(yùn)用來看,庭審則應(yīng)當(dāng)堅(jiān)持全面舉證、充分質(zhì)證與及時認(rèn)證。只有把握好庭審實(shí)質(zhì)化的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),才能有針對性的解決庭審問題。本文第三部分對我國庭審實(shí)質(zhì)化的困境進(jìn)行分析。從刑事庭審實(shí)質(zhì)化的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來看,我國的庭審中有很多地方與庭審實(shí)質(zhì)化不相符�？剞q雙方的地位不平等、法官的角色定位不明確、庭審過程中的形式化問題以及證據(jù)運(yùn)用中的問題等都是導(dǎo)致刑事庭審“走過場”的原因。只有把這些問題進(jìn)行深入的研究,才能真正找到妨礙庭審實(shí)質(zhì)化的根源所在,更好的完善庭審活動,實(shí)現(xiàn)庭審的實(shí)質(zhì)化。第四部分則針對阻礙庭審實(shí)質(zhì)化的庭審問題提出實(shí)現(xiàn)路徑。首先,應(yīng)當(dāng)控制檢察機(jī)關(guān)的權(quán)力、保障被告人的訴訟權(quán)利和律師辯護(hù)權(quán),實(shí)現(xiàn)控辯雙方地位的平等;其次,應(yīng)當(dāng)保障法官的中立地位和獨(dú)立地位,樹立法官的權(quán)威;再次,應(yīng)當(dāng)完善證人出庭作證制度、加強(qiáng)庭審中的舉證、質(zhì)證、認(rèn)證制度、完善案卷移送制度、推進(jìn)行政審批制度改革,在庭審的程序中更加突出庭審實(shí)質(zhì)化的作用。
[Abstract]:The essence of criminal trial is not only the important goal of the reform of trial mode in our country, but also the basic requirement of the reform of litigation system of "taking trial as the center". The core of it is to accurately identify the criminal responsibility of the defendant through the way of trial. However, in the judicial practice of our country for a long time, there have been many problems, such as unreasonable litigation structure, unequal legal status between the prosecution and defense parties in the trial stage, unclear positioning of the judge's role, the principle of direct words and the imperfect procedure of the evidence adjudication, and so on. Formalize the criminal trial procedure. Therefore, in order to realize the materialization of the trial, we must start from all aspects of the criminal trial, build the adjudication mechanism centered on the trial, realize the equal confrontation between the prosecution and the defense, and fully protect the defendant's litigation rights. At the same time, improve the system of witnesses to testify in court, strengthen the evidence, cross-examination, authentication links, in order to eliminate the causes of the virtual trial, in the litigation level to achieve the essence of the trial. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part summarizes the essence of criminal trial, mainly analyzes the background, value goal and function of it. This paper holds that the materialization of criminal trial is the result of profound reflection on the formalization of the trial, and is also the inevitable requirement of the gradual strengthening of the concept of the trial center and the reform of the criminal trial mode. The essence of criminal trial is to realize the fair trial, establish the judicial authority and credibility, protect the rights of the defendant as the value goal, so as to ensure that the trial accurately identify the facts of the case, prevent the wrong case and other functions of the realization of the function. The second part mainly discusses the standard of the trial from three aspects. From the point of view of litigation structure, the trial needs to realize the equality of prosecution and defense, to ensure the neutral position of the judge; from the perspective of the trial principle, the trial should follow the principles of open trial, direct speech, cross-examination, centralized trial, etc. From the point of view of the application of evidence, Trial should adhere to a comprehensive evidence, full cross-examination and timely certification. Only if we grasp the standard of the essence of the trial, can we solve the trial problem pertinently. The third part of this paper analyzes the dilemma of the materialization of the trial in our country. Judging from the standard of the materialization of criminal trial, there are many places in our country that are inconsistent with the essence of the trial. The status of the prosecution and the defense is unequal, the role of the judge is not clear, the formal problems in the trial process and the problems in the application of evidence are all the reasons leading to the "formality" of the criminal trial. Only by deeply studying these problems can we find out the root that hinders the materialization of the trial, perfect the trial activities better and realize the materialization of the trial. In the fourth part, the author puts forward the way to realize the problem of court hearing which hinders the substance of the trial. First of all, we should control the power of procuratorial organs, guarantee the defendant's right of litigation and the right of counsel to defend, and realize the equality of the status of prosecution and defense. Secondly, we should guarantee the neutral and independent status of judges and establish the authority of judges. We should perfect the system of witness testifying in court, strengthen the system of evidence, cross-examination and authentication in court, perfect the system of transferring case files, push forward the reform of administrative examination and approval system, and put more emphasis on the materialization of trial in the procedure of trial.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南財(cái)經(jīng)政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D925.2

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