本文選題：民事執(zhí)行 + 參與分配　； 參考：《河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)往來(lái)的日益頻繁,法院執(zhí)行案件中金錢(qián)債務(wù)糾紛類(lèi)案件數(shù)量逐年增加。這類(lèi)案件當(dāng)中,常會(huì)出現(xiàn)多個(gè)債權(quán)人向同一債務(wù)人申請(qǐng)執(zhí)行強(qiáng)制措施,且被執(zhí)行人的財(cái)產(chǎn)并不能清償全部債務(wù),在此情況下,對(duì)于債務(wù)人有限的財(cái)產(chǎn)何如合理進(jìn)行分配體現(xiàn)著法律權(quán)威的實(shí)現(xiàn)。執(zhí)行程序中的參與分配制度的設(shè)立,目的就是為了保障已取得執(zhí)行依據(jù)的債權(quán)人公平實(shí)現(xiàn)債權(quán),因此參與分配制度在保障執(zhí)行公正與效率中的作用愈發(fā)重要。以美國(guó)、德國(guó)等為代表的英美法系及大陸法系主要國(guó)家民事執(zhí)行程序中的參與分配制度較為完善,并形成了具有代表性的優(yōu)先原則、平等原則和折衷原則下的三種立法模式。一直以來(lái),我國(guó)《民事訴訟法》中缺少對(duì)于參與分配的法律規(guī)定,執(zhí)行程序參與分配制度的法律依據(jù),主要是源于最高人民法院制定的相關(guān)司法解釋以及執(zhí)行工作規(guī)定。這些規(guī)定雖然對(duì)參與程序、分配程序、分配異議(之訴)程序、享有優(yōu)先權(quán)的債權(quán)人優(yōu)先受償、被執(zhí)行人為企業(yè)法人如何參與分配等方面進(jìn)行了規(guī)定,不過(guò)所做的規(guī)定卻在實(shí)際案例中不能涵蓋各種問(wèn)題的處理;同時(shí)一些規(guī)定中存在相抵的現(xiàn)象,會(huì)導(dǎo)致在實(shí)際案件中產(chǎn)生沖突,有時(shí)當(dāng)事人運(yùn)用此規(guī)定無(wú)法解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題。本文試圖對(duì)參與分配制度展開(kāi)系統(tǒng)的研究,在文獻(xiàn)研究的基礎(chǔ)之上,運(yùn)用比較研究法,將德國(guó)、法國(guó)、瑞士等國(guó)家參與分配制度與我國(guó)參與分配制度作比較,從而發(fā)現(xiàn)我國(guó)這方面的內(nèi)容的欠缺,借鑒外國(guó)先進(jìn)立法經(jīng)驗(yàn)結(jié)合我國(guó)實(shí)際情況針對(duì)我國(guó)現(xiàn)行法律的不足,從實(shí)體方面和程序方面存在的問(wèn)題入手,在完善參與分配制度方面提出可供借鑒的建議。除引言和結(jié)論外,本文分四部分研究執(zhí)行程序中的參與分配制度。第一部分為執(zhí)行程序中的參與分配制度概述,詳細(xì)闡述了理論界存在執(zhí)行程序參與分配制度定義的二種學(xué)說(shuō),即廣義學(xué)說(shuō)和狹義學(xué)說(shuō),二者區(qū)別之處在于是否以被執(zhí)行人財(cái)產(chǎn)不足以清償全部債務(wù)為前提。闡述了參與分配制度的程序價(jià)值和制度功能以及參與分配制度的特征。第二部分為域外國(guó)家參與分配制度考察。目前,域外參與分配制度立法主要有三種原則,筆者以代表國(guó)家為實(shí)例,對(duì)三種原則下的立法進(jìn)行了考察。采用優(yōu)先原則代表國(guó)家是德國(guó)、美國(guó);采用平等原則代表國(guó)家為法國(guó)、日本;采用折衷原則代表國(guó)家為瑞士、加拿大。筆者采用比較分析法,結(jié)合我國(guó)參與分配制度立法規(guī)定,表述域外國(guó)家參與分配制度對(duì)我國(guó)借鑒意義。第三部分為我國(guó)參與分配制度立法現(xiàn)狀及問(wèn)題。筆者對(duì)我國(guó)參與分配制度立法歷史過(guò)程、參與分配程序中的參與程序、分配程序、分配異議(之訴)程序、分配程序轉(zhuǎn)破產(chǎn)程序分別進(jìn)行了闡述,并對(duì)目前參與分配制度中存在的問(wèn)題從實(shí)體方面與程序方面進(jìn)行論述。實(shí)體方面內(nèi)容包括原則適用問(wèn)題、受償順位問(wèn)題、多個(gè)被執(zhí)行人且不同主體的分配問(wèn)題以及申請(qǐng)參與分配數(shù)額認(rèn)定問(wèn)題。程序方面包括申請(qǐng)參與分配時(shí)間問(wèn)題、無(wú)通知公告制度、異議程序問(wèn)題,以提出問(wèn)題的方式,為引出下文做鋪墊。第四部分為我國(guó)參與分配制度的完善。本章從實(shí)體方面和程序方面來(lái)闡述筆者對(duì)于我國(guó)參與分配制度完善的意見(jiàn)。實(shí)體方面完善建議包括增設(shè)專(zhuān)門(mén)參與分配制度立法、明確參與分配制度具體適用原則、明確參與分配受償順位及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、“不足以清償全部債務(wù)”的認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。程序方面完善建議包括申請(qǐng)截止時(shí)間完善、公示公告程序完善、異議程序完善。通過(guò)以上幾部分的論述,對(duì)參與分配制度展開(kāi)系統(tǒng)的研究,在文獻(xiàn)研究的基礎(chǔ)之上,運(yùn)用比較研究法,以參與分配制度在不同立法原則下代表國(guó)家為例作為考察對(duì)象,借鑒域外國(guó)家先進(jìn)立法經(jīng)驗(yàn)結(jié)合我國(guó)實(shí)際情況針對(duì)我國(guó)現(xiàn)行法律的不足,從實(shí)體方面和程序方面存在的問(wèn)題入手,希望在完善參與分配制度方面提出可供借鑒的建議。
[Abstract]:With the social and economic exchanges have become increasingly frequent, the amount of money the debt dispute cases of court execution cases increased year by year. This kind of case, often there will be many creditors to the same debtor for the enforcement of compulsory measures, and the debtor's property does not pay off all the debts, in this case, the debtor's property but reasonable Co. the allocation reflects the realization of legal authority. In the procedure of execution of the distribution system in the establishment, the purpose is to protect the creditors has been made based on the implementation of equity to realize creditor's rights, so the distribution system in the security of the implementation of justice and efficiency in an increasingly important role. In the United States, the system of participation in distribution program as the representative of the Anglo German the main countries of civil law system and civil law system, the more perfect, and the formation of the principle of giving priority to the representative, the principle of equality principle and compromise under The three legislative models. Since China's "Civil Procedure Law >, the lack of legal provisions for participation in the distribution, to enforce the law according to procedures involved in the distribution system, is the main source to formulate the relevant judicial interpretations of the Supreme People's court and the provisions of these regulations. Although the participation in the program, allocation procedure, distribution of objection (V) program, priority creditors priority, executed by the corporation to participate in the distribution and other aspects of the provisions, but the provisions did not cover all of the actual case in the handling of the issue; even the phenomenon of some provisions exist at the same time, will lead to conflict in actual cases sometimes, the parties with the provisions can not solve practical problems. This paper tries to make a systematic research on the system of participation in distribution, on the basis of literature research, comparative research method, germany, France, Switzerland and other countries to participate in the comparison of distribution system and China's participation in the distribution system, the lack of which found that the contents of our country, draw lessons from foreign advanced legislative experience combined with China's actual situation in view of the deficiencies of the existing laws of existence from the substantive and procedural problems in put forward referential suggestions perfection of participation in distribution system. Besides the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into four parts to perform the system of participation in distribution program in the study. The first part is the overview of the distribution system in the implementation process, elaborated the theory there are two theories program participation in distribution system definition, namely generalized theory and theory of narrow sense, the difference between the two lies in whether the debtor property is not enough to pay off all the debts as a premise. Expounds the value of procedure and system function in the distribution system and the distribution system The characteristics. The second part is the extraterritorial countries participate in the distribution of the inspection system. At present, foreign participation in the distribution system mainly has three kinds of legislative principles, the author to represent the country as an example, on the three principles of legislation were investigated. The priority principle of the representative countries are Germany, the United States adopted the principle of equality; on behalf of the state of France, Japan the principle of compromise on behalf of the state; to Switzerland, Canada. The author uses the method of comparative analysis, combined with China's participation in the distribution system of legislation in foreign countries, expressing the distribution system in reference to our country. The third part is the distribution system of the status quo and problems of legislation in our country. The author of China's participation in the process of distribution system of legislative history, participation in distribution the program in the program, allocation procedure, distribution objection (v.) procedures, distribution procedures of bankruptcy procedure were discussed, and the current existing in the distribution system. Problems from the entity and procedure are discussed. The entity includes the principle of application, priority issues, multiple execution and the distribution of different subjects and apply for participation in the amount that the allocation procedures including the application. In the allocation of time, without notice system, objection procedure, in order to put forward the question the way to pave the way for the leads to the following. The fourth part is the improvement of the distribution system in our country. This chapter from the entity and procedure to elaborate the author for China's participation distribution system perfect. Entity aspects suggestions include the creation of a special distribution system in legislation, clear the distribution system in the specific application of the principle, clear participation assign priority and standard "standard is not enough to pay off all the debts. The suggestions include improving the procedure of the application deadline, publicity The announcement procedure perfect, objection procedure perfect. Through the above several parts, systematic study of participation in distribution system, on the basis of literature research, comparative research method, to participate in the distribution system in different legislative principles on behalf of the state as the object for example, learn from foreign countries advanced legislative experience combined with the actual situation for the deficiencies of the existing laws of existence from the substantive and procedural problems, hope to provide valuable suggestions to improve the system of participation in distribution.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D925.1
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本文編號(hào)：1758811