本文選題：小額訴訟　切入點(diǎn)：救濟(jì)機(jī)制　出處：《煙臺(tái)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：2013年1月，伴隨著新《民事訴訟法》在我國(guó)生效，以快速解決糾紛、提高審判效率為目的的小額訴訟程序在我國(guó)正式實(shí)施。設(shè)立小額訴訟程序是對(duì)我國(guó)現(xiàn)行司法體系的進(jìn)一步完善，在便利群眾訴訟的同時(shí)有效的減輕了法院的審判壓力，將在司法實(shí)踐中發(fā)揮獨(dú)特的作用。然而不可否認(rèn)的是，小額訴訟程序是以效率為重要價(jià)值追求的訴訟程序，在發(fā)揮快捷等優(yōu)勢(shì)的同時(shí)也具有對(duì)當(dāng)事人權(quán)益保障不完備等缺陷。而我國(guó)小額訴訟“一審終審”的制度設(shè)計(jì)使再審成為當(dāng)事人可選擇的唯一救濟(jì)方式，救濟(jì)渠道狹窄的現(xiàn)實(shí)在司法實(shí)踐中亦是存在諸多不足。因此，我國(guó)應(yīng)在充分借鑒域外先進(jìn)立法技術(shù)與立法經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上構(gòu)建完備的小額訴訟救濟(jì)機(jī)制，使小額訴訟程序不斷走向成熟，在司法實(shí)踐中發(fā)揮更大的作用。 本文分為以下四個(gè)部分： 第一部分我國(guó)小額訴訟救濟(jì)機(jī)制的現(xiàn)狀。通過(guò)分析我國(guó)小額訴訟的立法規(guī)定，指出再審是小額訴訟當(dāng)事人可選用的唯一訴訟救濟(jì)方式，群眾認(rèn)可率低。在此基礎(chǔ)上，闡述了我國(guó)現(xiàn)行的小額訴訟救濟(jì)機(jī)制在司法實(shí)踐中引發(fā)的一系列的問(wèn)題。 第二部分小額訴訟救濟(jì)機(jī)制必要性探究。從法律理論、司法實(shí)踐兩個(gè)角度闡述構(gòu)建小額訴訟救濟(jì)機(jī)制的意義，證明構(gòu)建小額訴訟救濟(jì)機(jī)制具有堅(jiān)實(shí)的理論基礎(chǔ)與迫切的現(xiàn)實(shí)需求。 第三部分域外小額訴訟救濟(jì)機(jī)制探析。列舉美國(guó)、日本和我國(guó)臺(tái)灣地區(qū)小額訴訟救濟(jì)機(jī)制的具體規(guī)定，用比較研究方式闡明了“動(dòng)議”、“特殊上訴”、“裁判異議”三種救濟(jì)方式的特點(diǎn)，為構(gòu)建我國(guó)小額訴訟救濟(jì)機(jī)制提供借鑒。 第四部分我國(guó)小額訴訟救濟(jì)機(jī)制的構(gòu)建。在借鑒域外經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，提出構(gòu)建我國(guó)小額訴訟救濟(jì)機(jī)制的具體建議，包括賦予當(dāng)事人程序選擇權(quán)、確立裁判異議機(jī)制、設(shè)立假執(zhí)行制度。在保障當(dāng)事人救濟(jì)權(quán)利的基礎(chǔ)上，防止小額訴訟程序?yàn)E用，促進(jìn)法院裁判執(zhí)行。
[Abstract]:In January 2013, with the entry into force of the new Code of Civil procedure in China, the dispute was resolved quickly. The small claims procedure aimed at improving the efficiency of trial is formally implemented in our country. The establishment of the small claims procedure is a further improvement to the current judicial system of our country, and it effectively alleviates the trial pressure of the court while facilitating the mass litigation. Will play a unique role in judicial practice. However, it is undeniable that the small claims procedure is a procedure which is pursued with the important value of efficiency. While giving full play to the advantages of quickness and other advantages, it also has defects such as incomplete protection of the rights and interests of the parties. However, the system design of "first instance final instance" in China's small claims litigation makes retrial the only remedy that the parties can choose. The reality of narrow relief channels also has many shortcomings in judicial practice. Therefore, our country should build a complete relief mechanism of small claims on the basis of foreign advanced legislative technology and legislative experience. To make the small-sum procedure to mature, in the judicial practice to play a greater role. This paper is divided into the following four parts:. The first part is the present situation of the relief mechanism of the small claims in our country. By analyzing the legislative provisions of the small claims in our country, the author points out that retrial is the only way that the litigants can choose, and the acceptance rate of the masses is low. On this basis, This paper expounds a series of problems caused by the current relief mechanism of minor action in our country in judicial practice. The second part explores the necessity of the relief mechanism of small claims litigation. From the angle of legal theory and judicial practice, it expounds the significance of constructing the relief mechanism of small claims litigation. It is proved that there is a solid theoretical foundation and urgent practical demand to construct the relief mechanism of minor action. The third part of the extraterritorial small claims relief mechanism. Enumerates the United States, Japan and Taiwan area small claims relief mechanism specific provisions, This paper clarifies the characteristics of the three kinds of relief methods by means of comparative study, including motion, special appeal and judgment dissent, which can be used for reference in the construction of the relief mechanism of small claims in our country. The fourth part is the construction of the relief mechanism of small claims litigation in our country. On the basis of drawing lessons from the experience of foreign countries, the author puts forward some specific suggestions for constructing the relief mechanism of small claims in China, including giving the parties the right to choose the procedure and establishing the mechanism of dissent from the judge. On the basis of protecting the litigants' right of relief, the system of false execution should be established to prevent the abuse of small claims and to promote the enforcement of court decisions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：煙臺(tái)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D925.1

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本文編號(hào)：1669207