本文關(guān)鍵詞： 小額訴訟制度 訴訟權(quán)利 實體權(quán)利　出處：《遼寧大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的日益發(fā)展，人們法律意識逐漸增強(qiáng)，越來越多的人選擇通過訴訟的方式來解決生活中出現(xiàn)的各類民事糾紛，而在這些訴訟中，小額的民事糾紛占據(jù)了相當(dāng)大的比重，這就要求人民法院擁有高效率的審判能力。但是，我國的司法資源匱乏顯然不能滿足民眾的需求。在這樣的背景下，我國在修訂《民事訴訟法》時建立了小額訴訟制度。 本文基于我國《民事訴訟法》第一百六十二條的規(guī)定，結(jié)合其他國家和地區(qū)已成熟的小額訴訟制度，分析了我國現(xiàn)有的小額訴訟制度存在的問題，并最終提出相對應(yīng)的完善建議。筆者認(rèn)為，目前我國小額訴訟制度存在三個問題：無程序選擇權(quán)、無相應(yīng)的救濟(jì)方式、未對濫訴行為進(jìn)行限制。 針對無程序選擇權(quán)的問題，筆者建議應(yīng)賦予當(dāng)事人適當(dāng)?shù)某绦蜻x擇權(quán)，主體包括原告和被告雙方。以訴訟標(biāo)的額為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在法律規(guī)定的數(shù)額以下的案件強(qiáng)制適用小額訴訟程序，當(dāng)事人無程序選擇權(quán)；在高于該數(shù)額一定比例的案件，原、被告雙方達(dá)成一致的書面合意后，人民法院可以適用小額訴訟程序進(jìn)行審理。 針對無相應(yīng)救濟(jì)方式的問題，筆者建議可以通過裁判異議的方式進(jìn)行救濟(jì)。任意一方當(dāng)事人自收到判決書之日起法定期限內(nèi)，都有權(quán)向作出判決的法院提出裁判異議的申請，經(jīng)法院審查，認(rèn)定當(dāng)事人提出的異議合法的，則訴訟恢復(fù)到口頭辯論前的狀態(tài)，依法重新組成合議庭，并依照普通程序進(jìn)行審理并作出判決。 針對未對濫訴行為進(jìn)行限制的問題，，筆者分別從兩個方面對濫訴行為進(jìn)行了分析，主要有原告惡意臨時增加訴訟請求和被告惡意利用調(diào)解逃避法律責(zé)任兩種情形。筆者建議，原告在提出增加訴訟請求申請時，法官依法將案件轉(zhuǎn)化適用普通程序或者簡易程序；被告惡意進(jìn)行調(diào)解后拒不履行調(diào)解協(xié)議時，賦予原告起訴的權(quán)利，但仍由原審法官進(jìn)行審理，若無新情況、新證據(jù)，可以通過書面審理做出裁判。
[Abstract]:With the development of socialist market economy in our country, people's legal consciousness is gradually strengthened, and more and more people choose to solve all kinds of civil disputes in life by way of litigation, and in these lawsuits, Minor civil disputes occupy a considerable proportion, which requires the people's courts to have high efficiency in adjudication. However, the lack of judicial resources in our country obviously cannot meet the needs of the public. Under such a background, Our country established the small lawsuit system when revising the Civil procedure Law. Based on the provisions of Article 162th of our country's Civil procedure Law and the mature small claims system in other countries and regions, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the existing small claims litigation system in China. The author believes that there are three problems in China's small claims system: no procedural option, no corresponding remedies, and no restrictions on excessive action. In view of the problem of no procedural option, the author suggests that the parties should be given the appropriate procedural option, the subject of which is both the plaintiff and the defendant. In cases where the amount prescribed by law is less than the amount prescribed by the law, the parties shall have no procedural option to enforce the application of the small claims procedure; in the case of a certain proportion above that amount, the original written agreement reached between the two parties of the defendant, The people's court may apply the small-sum litigation procedure to the trial. In view of the problem that there is no corresponding remedy, the author suggests that the remedy can be carried out by way of dissent from the referee. Any party shall have the right to file an application for dissent from the judgment court within the statutory time limit from the date of receipt of the judgment. If, upon examination by the court, the objection raised by the parties is found to be lawful, the action shall be restored to the state before the oral argument, and the collegial panel shall be re-constituted in accordance with the law, and the hearing shall be conducted in accordance with the ordinary procedure and the judgment shall be rendered. Aiming at the problem of not restricting the action of overcharging, the author analyzes the action from two aspects: the plaintiff's malicious temporary increase in litigation request and the defendant's maliciously using mediation to evade legal liability. When the plaintiff makes an application for additional litigation, the judge shall, in accordance with the law, convert the case to ordinary or summary procedures; if the defendant refuses to perform the mediation agreement after malicious mediation, he shall give the plaintiff the right to sue, However, the trial is still conducted by the original judge, and if there are no new circumstances, the new evidence can be adjudicated in writing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D925.1

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本文編號：1508775