【摘要】：船舶留置權(quán)作為一種特殊的擔(dān)保物權(quán)，其制度的完善對航運(yùn)業(yè)的發(fā)展有著無法比擬的作用，船舶留置權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn)方式及具體程序更是法學(xué)界關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)。我國《海商法》對于船舶留置權(quán)的概念界定較為模糊，并且沒有對船舶留置權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn)加以歸納整合，使得船舶留置權(quán)制度的缺陷較為明顯。 本文將立足于我國法律和國際公約所調(diào)整的留置權(quán)，進(jìn)而對船舶留置權(quán)的定義、特征、分類及其效力進(jìn)行細(xì)致的描述。通過研究可發(fā)現(xiàn)我國船舶留置權(quán)制度的不足體現(xiàn)在對船舶留置權(quán)的概念界定不夠明確、用詞隱晦且范圍相對狹窄。另外，關(guān)于船舶留置權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn)方式和程序上，變賣和折價這兩種方式在實(shí)踐中并不適用留置物為船舶的情形，而拍賣的形式若沒有法院的強(qiáng)制介入，也很難維護(hù)留置權(quán)人和債務(wù)人的權(quán)益。 針對以上缺陷，本文提出了對我國《海商法》中船舶留置權(quán)制度的完善建議。包括細(xì)化船舶留置權(quán)的概念、明確其分類和效力、根據(jù)具體情況把握船舶留置權(quán)和其他船舶擔(dān)保物權(quán)的受償順序問題，此外，重點(diǎn)還應(yīng)明確船舶留置權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn)方式和程序，，在司法實(shí)踐中強(qiáng)調(diào)由法院介入的強(qiáng)制拍賣，以保護(hù)當(dāng)事人的合法權(quán)益，從而更好的解決海事糾紛，促進(jìn)我國航運(yùn)業(yè)的良好發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:As a kind of special security property right, the perfection of ship lien system plays an incomparable role in the development of shipping industry. The realization mode and concrete procedure of ship lien is the focus of attention in the field of law. The definition of ship lien in Maritime Law of our country is rather vague, and the realization of ship lien has not been summarized and integrated, which makes the defect of ship lien system obvious. Based on the lien regulated by Chinese law and international conventions, this paper gives a detailed description of the definition, characteristics, classification and effectiveness of ship lien. Through the research, it can be found that the deficiency of the ship lien system in our country is that the definition of the ship lien is not clear enough, the terms are obscure and the scope is relatively narrow. In addition, in terms of the way and procedure of realizing the lien of a ship, the two ways of sale and discount do not apply to the case where the lien is a ship in practice, and the form of auction is without the compulsory intervention of the court. It is also difficult to protect the rights and interests of liens and debtors. In view of the above defects, this paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the system of ship lien in Maritime Law of our country. It includes refining the concept of ship lien, clarifying its classification and effect, grasping the order of compensation of ship lien and other real rights of ship security according to specific circumstances. In addition, the emphasis should be laid on the way and procedure of realizing ship lien. In judicial practice the compulsory auction involving by the court is emphasized in order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the parties so as to better resolve maritime disputes and promote the good development of the shipping industry in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D922.294

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