發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-19 14:28

【摘要】： 本文選擇海商法體系中最具有代表性的船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)法律制度為研究對(duì)象，以我國(guó)《海商法》為基礎(chǔ)，以比較法為研究的方法；在本文第一章中，系統(tǒng)介紹了船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)的起源及其產(chǎn)生之經(jīng)濟(jì)原因。闡述了其發(fā)展起源的諸種學(xué)說(shuō)，并簡(jiǎn)要介紹了船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)在各國(guó)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r，進(jìn)一步分析了船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)發(fā)展的國(guó)際統(tǒng)一化趨勢(shì)。為了更好地對(duì)船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)進(jìn)行性質(zhì)界定，在本章第二節(jié)中，也對(duì)船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)的定義及其法律特征進(jìn)行了詳盡論述。 在第二章中，，在對(duì)各國(guó)船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)法律性質(zhì)認(rèn)定的司法和立法實(shí)踐介紹后，本文結(jié)合民法的基本理論，從權(quán)利之標(biāo)的、功能、權(quán)利之特點(diǎn)及其效力等幾個(gè)方面入手，把船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)界定為物權(quán)。在該章第四節(jié)中，分析了船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)和其它類(lèi)似權(quán)利的區(qū)別。 船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)的標(biāo)的范圍的大小對(duì)船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn)有重大的影響。在本文第三章中，比較了各國(guó)立法及國(guó)際公約相關(guān)規(guī)定，分析了我國(guó)關(guān)于船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)標(biāo)的立法規(guī)定的局限性，提出了修改建議。并對(duì)船舶這一船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)的基本標(biāo)的幾種容易混淆的情況進(jìn)行了闡述。 船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)項(xiàng)目是船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)的核心內(nèi)容，何種項(xiàng)目應(yīng)該列為船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)項(xiàng)目?jī)?yōu)先受償，體現(xiàn)了各國(guó)對(duì)社會(huì)價(jià)值和公共政策的不同考慮。而項(xiàng)目的多少及項(xiàng)目的次序也會(huì)對(duì)包括船舶抵押權(quán)人在內(nèi)的各債權(quán)人權(quán)益的實(shí)現(xiàn)有實(shí)質(zhì)影響。本文第四章歸納了船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)項(xiàng)目的成立條件、特征、船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)項(xiàng)目順位設(shè)定的原則。并對(duì)船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)各個(gè)項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行了逐一評(píng)析，分析了各個(gè)項(xiàng)目及船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)項(xiàng)目的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。最后，針對(duì)我國(guó)《海商法》關(guān)于船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)項(xiàng)目之除外規(guī)定的缺陷，提出了修改建議。 由于船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)存在無(wú)需公示，這在一定程度上損害了船舶抵押權(quán)人及船舶留置權(quán)人的利益。本文第五章中，在分析了船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)存在的必要性后，對(duì)如何衡平三者的利益提出了自己的看法。并對(duì)我國(guó)的立法就此一問(wèn)題應(yīng)持的態(tài)度提出了建議。 船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)的行使有別于其它權(quán)利的行使，需要通過(guò)扣押當(dāng)事船舶來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。 而其行使又必然受到海事賠償責(zé)任限制，企業(yè)破產(chǎn)法律制度的影響。本文未章論 述了船舶扣押中行使船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題，分析了船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)與海事賠償責(zé)任 限制、破產(chǎn)法律制度的關(guān)系。并就如何協(xié)調(diào)三者的關(guān)系提出了建議。
[Abstract]:This paper chooses the most representative maritime lien legal system as the research object, taking the maritime law of our country as the foundation and the comparative law as the research method. In the first chapter, the origin and economic reasons of maritime liens are introduced systematically. This paper expounds various theories of the origin of maritime liens, briefly introduces the development of maritime liens in various countries, and further analyses the trend of international unification of the development of maritime liens. In order to better define the nature of maritime liens, the definition and legal characteristics of maritime liens are discussed in detail in the second section of this chapter. In the second chapter, after introducing the judicial and legislative practice of the legal nature of maritime liens in various countries, this paper combines the basic theory of civil law, starting with the object, function, characteristics and effectiveness of the right, and so on. Define maritime lien as real right. In the fourth section of this chapter, the difference between maritime liens and other similar rights is analyzed. The range of subject matter of maritime lien has great influence on the realization of maritime lien. In the third chapter, the author compares the legislation of various countries with the relevant provisions of international conventions, analyzes the limitations of the legislative provisions on the subject matter of maritime liens in China, and puts forward some suggestions for amendment. At the same time, the paper expounds several confusing situations of ship, the basic object of maritime lien. Maritime lien item is the core content of maritime lien, which items should be given priority to be compensated, which reflects the different consideration of social value and public policy in various countries. The number of projects and the order of the projects will have a substantial impact on the realization of the rights and interests of the creditors, including the mortgagee of the ship. The fourth chapter summarizes the establishment conditions, characteristics and the principle of priority setting of maritime lien items. Each item of maritime lien is evaluated one by one, and the development trend of each item and maritime lien item is analyzed. Finally, the paper puts forward some suggestions for amendment to the limitation of the exclusion of maritime lien items in Maritime Law of China. The existence of maritime lien does not require publicity, which to some extent damages the interests of the mortgagee and the lien. In the fifth chapter, after analyzing the necessity of the existence of maritime liens, the author puts forward his own views on how to balance the interests of the three. And put forward the suggestion to our country's legislation on this question. The exercise of maritime lien is different from the exercise of other rights and needs to be realized by arresting the ship concerned. And its exercise is bound to be limited by maritime liability, enterprise bankruptcy legal system. In this paper, several problems of exercising maritime liens in arrest are discussed, and the relationship between maritime liens and limitation of liability for maritime claims and bankruptcy legal system is analyzed. Some suggestions on how to coordinate the relationship among the three are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海海運(yùn)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2002
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.294

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 蔣珊珊;論船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn)[D];海南大學(xué);2010年

本文編號(hào)：2342608