【摘要】：預(yù)約保險合同能夠簡化保險雙方當事人的業(yè)務(wù)流程,使被保險人免于承擔因疏忽而導(dǎo)致的遺漏投保風險,令保險人獲得穩(wěn)定的保費收入。因而在保險業(yè)界得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。目前,我國法律對預(yù)約保險合同的規(guī)定并不完善,僅有《海商法》第231條至233條對其進行了粗略的規(guī)定,卻并未涉及預(yù)約保險合同的核心內(nèi)容。 本文共分為四部分,從預(yù)約保險合同的概念、溯及力以及被保險人的申報義務(wù)著手,主張預(yù)約保險合同和其下航次保險合同為兩個獨立的合同,二者間為總量合同和分合同的關(guān)系,在此基礎(chǔ)上對預(yù)約保險合同進行全面闡析。文章第一部分首先通過對國內(nèi)外保險市場上預(yù)約保險合同相關(guān)做法的比較分析,借鑒英國在預(yù)約保險合同方面的立法規(guī)定,對預(yù)約保險合同的概念做出界定,認為預(yù)約保險合同是被保險人承諾將符合約定的付運貨物全部向保險人投保,而保險人則對這些貨物自付運時則承擔保險責任的簡化合同。該預(yù)約保險合同下,被保險人負有嚴格的申報義務(wù),而保險人則相應(yīng)的承認預(yù)約保險合同的溯及效力,在被保險人善意的情形下,對漏報、誤報的貨物依然予以承保。其次,本章分析了預(yù)約保險合同成立與生效的條件,認為口頭形式的預(yù)約保險合同依然有效,但鑒于預(yù)約保險合同的特性,應(yīng)以法律形式強制要求預(yù)約保險合同以書面形式訂立。最后對預(yù)約保險合同的內(nèi)容、最高賠付額等一般性問題進行了論述,將其定性為總量合同。第二部分主要探討了預(yù)約保險合同的保險責任期間以及預(yù)約保險的溯及效力。對預(yù)約保險合同的保險責任期間進行了深入分析,辨析了“預(yù)約保險合同的溯及效力”觀點,主張此種提法值得商榷,預(yù)約保險的溯及效力實則為航次保險合同的溯及效力,并對其適用條件做出進一步剖析。第三部分著重分析了預(yù)約保險合同被保險人的申報義務(wù),主張申報義務(wù)包含“及時申報”“充分申報”“如實申報”三方面要求,申報義務(wù)的不同方面具有不同性質(zhì),違反申報義務(wù)的不同方面會導(dǎo)致不同的法律后果。第四部分在前三部分論述的基礎(chǔ)上對完善我國的預(yù)約保險合同的相關(guān)立法規(guī)定提出了幾點可行性建議。
[Abstract]:Appointment insurance contract can simplify the business process of both parties of insurance, protect the insured from the risk of omission insurance caused by negligence, and make the insurer obtain stable premium income. As a result, it has been widely used in the insurance industry. At present, the stipulation of advance insurance contract in our country is not perfect, only articles 231 to 233 of Maritime Law have roughly stipulated it, but not the core content of the contract. This paper is divided into four parts, starting with the concept, retroactive effect and the declaration obligation of the insurance contract, the author claims that the contract of appointment insurance and the insurance contract of the next voyage are two independent contracts. The relationship between them is the total contract and the sub-contract, on the basis of which, the author makes a comprehensive analysis of the reservation insurance contract. The first part of the article first through the domestic and foreign insurance market reservation insurance contract related practice comparative analysis, draws lessons from the British in the reservation insurance contract aspect legislation stipulation, makes the definition to the reservation insurance contract concept. It is considered that an advance insurance contract is a simplified contract in which the insured undertakes to insure all conformable consignment goods with the insurer, and the insurer assumes insurance liability for these goods when they are self-shipped. Under the reservation insurance contract, the insured has the strict obligation to declare, and the insurer recognizes the retroactivity and validity of the reservation insurance contract accordingly. In the case of good faith of the insured, understatement and misstatement of goods are still underwritten. Secondly, this chapter analyzes the conditions for the formation and effectiveness of the reservation insurance contract, and considers that the oral form of the reservation insurance contract is still valid, but in view of the characteristics of the reservation insurance contract, An appointment insurance contract shall be legally required to be concluded in writing. At last, the paper discusses the general problems of the contract, such as the maximum indemnity and so on, and defines it as the contract of total amount. The second part mainly discusses the period of insurance liability and the retroactivity and effectiveness of advance insurance contract. This paper makes a deep analysis of the period of insurance liability in advance insurance contract, differentiates and analyzes the viewpoint of "retroactivity and validity of advance insurance contract", and argues that this formulation is open to question, and that the retroactivity and effect of advance insurance are actually retroactive and effective of voyage insurance contract. And make further analysis to its application condition. The third part focuses on the analysis of the insurant's obligation to declare in advance insurance contract, and claims that the declaration obligation includes the three requirements of "timely declaration" and "full declaration" and "truthful declaration", and that the different aspects of the declaration obligation have different nature. Different aspects of the obligation to declare may lead to different legal consequences. The fourth part, on the basis of the first three parts, puts forward some feasible suggestions to perfect the relevant legislative provisions of the reservation insurance contract in our country.
【學位授予單位】：大連海事大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D922.284

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本文編號：2338009