論國際民事專屬管轄權(quán)
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-19 10:50
【摘要】： 民事專屬管轄權(quán)是根據(jù)國際條約或國內(nèi)法規(guī)規(guī)定的管轄權(quán)。它是指某些具有特別性質(zhì)的涉外民事案件只能由特定國家的國內(nèi)法院行使獨占的、排他的管轄權(quán)，而不承認其他任何國家法院對這類案件的受理權(quán)及其作出的判決。隨著全球經(jīng)濟一體化的發(fā)展，各國之間民商事交往日趨頻繁，國際民事管轄權(quán)的沖突在所難免。特別在中國加入WTO之后，加速了我國融入國際社會的進程，，同時，涉外民事案件也將增加。加強對專屬民事管轄權(quán)協(xié)調(diào)的研究，不僅有助于避免或防止國際民事管轄權(quán)的沖突，建立良好的國際民商新秩序，而且也有利于保障我國同世界各國的交往，使我國更好地融入國際化社會。 論文共分四章，主要圍繞國際民事專屬管轄權(quán)的涵義、特征并結(jié)合各國對民事專屬管轄權(quán)的法律規(guī)定進行分析，從專屬管轄權(quán)沖突產(chǎn)生的原因切入，討論如何對專屬管轄權(quán)進行協(xié)調(diào)，而且緊扣時代脈搏，特別注重于網(wǎng)絡中的專屬管轄權(quán)的協(xié)調(diào)。最后還對我國有關專屬管轄權(quán)的立法進行了評析和展望。 第一章介紹了民事專屬管轄權(quán)的涵義和特征。闡述了民事專屬管轄權(quán)的排他性和強制性的特征。排他性表現(xiàn)在只有本國享有案件審判權(quán)；強制性表現(xiàn)在以國家強制力作為強有力的后盾。 第二章概述了民事專屬管轄權(quán)的范圍，包括各主要國家關于民事專屬管轄權(quán)的法律規(guī)定及關系。還介紹了國際公約的有關規(guī)定。大陸法系國家通常規(guī)定國家租賃、法人破產(chǎn)、涉及因內(nèi)國登記而發(fā)生的訴訟和內(nèi)國國民的身份關系的涉外民事案件屬于國家專屬管轄權(quán)的范圍。英美法系國家對當事人選擇管轄法院的制度即協(xié)議管轄制度持肯定的態(tài)度，對專屬管轄的規(guī)定反而不多。 第三章論述了民事專屬管轄權(quán)的協(xié)調(diào)。專屬管轄權(quán)沖突是指兩個或兩個以上的國家主張只能由自己國家的法院行使對一些具有特別性 質(zhì)的案件的獨占的排他的管轄權(quán)，而不承認其他任何國家的法院劉一這 些案件的管轄權(quán)。其產(chǎn)生的原因在于每個主權(quán)國家的法律規(guī)定有相異 之處，會導致對案件管轄的沖突;而且一國主張專屬管轄的案件往往 與該國的主權(quán)和重要利益相關，所以涉及相關沖突的案件必然存在一 個國家的主權(quán)與尊嚴問題。協(xié)調(diào)專屬管轄權(quán)主要應遵循有效原則與國 際禮讓原則，為避免國際沖突，一國必須遵循國際習慣法的一些基本 限制，確保自己確立的專屬管轄權(quán)的合理性、合法性，以便得到國際 社會的認同。 網(wǎng)絡世界中的專屬管轄權(quán)的協(xié)調(diào)是本章論述的重點。隨著網(wǎng)絡的 日益普及和網(wǎng)絡商業(yè)活動的迅猛發(fā)展，人們利用網(wǎng)絡的機會不斷增加， 而由于網(wǎng)絡引起的民事糾紛的法律問題也逐漸成為國際社會普遍關心 的問題。由于網(wǎng)絡具有跨國性、全球性的特征，使其與傳統(tǒng)的民事法 律關系有很大的區(qū)別。網(wǎng)絡自身的特點對傳統(tǒng)民事管轄權(quán)的調(diào)整規(guī)則 有很大的沖擊。協(xié)調(diào)網(wǎng)絡專屬管轄權(quán)的沖突是值得探討的新的領域。 筆者在文中提出三種方法，有待方家指正。 第四章著眼于對我國有關專屬管轄權(quán)的立法進行評析與展望。我 國有關民事專屬管轄權(quán)的規(guī)定過于粗線條，有必要進一步研究和明確。 我國對待國際條約的觀念過于保守，有待開放。隨著社會經(jīng)濟的飛速 發(fā)展和新情況的不斷出現(xiàn)，我國民商法理論有待發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Civil exclusive jurisdiction is the jurisdiction prescribed by international treaties or domestic laws and regulations. It refers to the exclusive and exclusive jurisdiction that certain foreign-related civil cases of a special nature can only be exercised by the domestic courts of a particular country without recognizing the jurisdiction of any other country's courts over such cases and their judgments. With the development of economic integration, civil and commercial exchanges between countries are becoming more frequent, and conflicts of international civil jurisdiction are unavoidable. Especially after China's accession to the WTO, the process of China's integration into the international community has been accelerated. At the same time, the number of foreign-related civil cases will also increase. Strengthening the research on the coordination of exclusive civil jurisdiction will not only help to avoid or prevent the country. The conflict of international civil jurisdiction, the establishment of a good new international civil and commercial order, but also conducive to the protection of China's exchanges with other countries, so that China can better integrate into the international community.
The thesis is divided into four chapters, mainly around the meaning of international civil exclusive jurisdiction, characteristics and combined with the legal provisions of various countries on civil exclusive jurisdiction, starting from the causes of the conflict of exclusive jurisdiction, discusses how to coordinate the exclusive jurisdiction, and closely follow the pulse of the times, especially focusing on the exclusive jurisdiction in the network. Finally, it also makes an analysis and Prospect of China's legislation on exclusive jurisdiction.
The first chapter introduces the meaning and characteristics of the exclusive civil jurisdiction, and expounds the exclusive and mandatory characteristics of the exclusive civil jurisdiction.
Chapter 2 outlines the scope of the exclusive civil jurisdiction, including the legal provisions and relations of the major countries on the exclusive civil jurisdiction. It also introduces the relevant provisions of international conventions. The civil law countries usually provide for the lease of the state, the bankruptcy of legal persons, involving litigation arising from the registration of the domestic country and the identity relationship between the domestic nationals of foreign nationals. The case belongs to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state. Anglo-American law countries have a positive attitude towards the system of the parties choosing the jurisdiction court, that is, the system of agreement jurisdiction, but have few provisions on exclusive jurisdiction.
Chapter Three discusses the coordination of exclusive jurisdiction over civil matters.
The exclusive jurisdiction of the case is exclusive to the courts of any other country, Liu Yizhe.
The jurisdiction of some cases is due to the different legal provisions of each sovereign state.
It will lead to conflicts in the jurisdiction of cases, and the case that a country advocates exclusive jurisdiction is often.
Related to the sovereignty and important interests of the country, there must be a case involving related conflicts.
The issue of sovereignty and dignity of a country should be governed by effective principles and coordination.
In order to avoid international conflicts, a country must follow some basic principles of international customary law.
Limit, ensure the rationality and legality of the exclusive jurisdiction established by oneself so as to get international.
Social identity.
The coordination of exclusive jurisdiction in the network world is the focus of this chapter.
With the increasing popularity and the rapid development of online business activities, the opportunities for people to make use of the Internet continue to increase.
The legal problems arising from the civil disputes caused by the Internet have gradually become a common concern of the international community.
Because of the transnational nature of the network, the global characteristics make it compatible with the traditional civil law.
The rule of law is very different. The regulation of the traditional civil jurisdiction is different from the characteristics of the network itself.
There is a great impact. Coordinating the exclusive jurisdiction of the network is a new field worth exploring.
The author puts forward three methods in this paper, which will be corrected by Fangfang.
The fourth chapter focuses on the analysis and Prospect of China's legislation on exclusive jurisdiction.
The provisions on civil exclusive jurisdiction in China are too thick. It is necessary to further study and clarify.
China's ideas on international treaties are too conservative and open to the public.
The development of China's civil and commercial law needs to be further developed.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2002
【分類號】：D997
本文編號：2249919
[Abstract]:Civil exclusive jurisdiction is the jurisdiction prescribed by international treaties or domestic laws and regulations. It refers to the exclusive and exclusive jurisdiction that certain foreign-related civil cases of a special nature can only be exercised by the domestic courts of a particular country without recognizing the jurisdiction of any other country's courts over such cases and their judgments. With the development of economic integration, civil and commercial exchanges between countries are becoming more frequent, and conflicts of international civil jurisdiction are unavoidable. Especially after China's accession to the WTO, the process of China's integration into the international community has been accelerated. At the same time, the number of foreign-related civil cases will also increase. Strengthening the research on the coordination of exclusive civil jurisdiction will not only help to avoid or prevent the country. The conflict of international civil jurisdiction, the establishment of a good new international civil and commercial order, but also conducive to the protection of China's exchanges with other countries, so that China can better integrate into the international community.
The thesis is divided into four chapters, mainly around the meaning of international civil exclusive jurisdiction, characteristics and combined with the legal provisions of various countries on civil exclusive jurisdiction, starting from the causes of the conflict of exclusive jurisdiction, discusses how to coordinate the exclusive jurisdiction, and closely follow the pulse of the times, especially focusing on the exclusive jurisdiction in the network. Finally, it also makes an analysis and Prospect of China's legislation on exclusive jurisdiction.
The first chapter introduces the meaning and characteristics of the exclusive civil jurisdiction, and expounds the exclusive and mandatory characteristics of the exclusive civil jurisdiction.
Chapter 2 outlines the scope of the exclusive civil jurisdiction, including the legal provisions and relations of the major countries on the exclusive civil jurisdiction. It also introduces the relevant provisions of international conventions. The civil law countries usually provide for the lease of the state, the bankruptcy of legal persons, involving litigation arising from the registration of the domestic country and the identity relationship between the domestic nationals of foreign nationals. The case belongs to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state. Anglo-American law countries have a positive attitude towards the system of the parties choosing the jurisdiction court, that is, the system of agreement jurisdiction, but have few provisions on exclusive jurisdiction.
Chapter Three discusses the coordination of exclusive jurisdiction over civil matters.
The exclusive jurisdiction of the case is exclusive to the courts of any other country, Liu Yizhe.
The jurisdiction of some cases is due to the different legal provisions of each sovereign state.
It will lead to conflicts in the jurisdiction of cases, and the case that a country advocates exclusive jurisdiction is often.
Related to the sovereignty and important interests of the country, there must be a case involving related conflicts.
The issue of sovereignty and dignity of a country should be governed by effective principles and coordination.
In order to avoid international conflicts, a country must follow some basic principles of international customary law.
Limit, ensure the rationality and legality of the exclusive jurisdiction established by oneself so as to get international.
Social identity.
The coordination of exclusive jurisdiction in the network world is the focus of this chapter.
With the increasing popularity and the rapid development of online business activities, the opportunities for people to make use of the Internet continue to increase.
The legal problems arising from the civil disputes caused by the Internet have gradually become a common concern of the international community.
Because of the transnational nature of the network, the global characteristics make it compatible with the traditional civil law.
The rule of law is very different. The regulation of the traditional civil jurisdiction is different from the characteristics of the network itself.
There is a great impact. Coordinating the exclusive jurisdiction of the network is a new field worth exploring.
The author puts forward three methods in this paper, which will be corrected by Fangfang.
The fourth chapter focuses on the analysis and Prospect of China's legislation on exclusive jurisdiction.
The provisions on civil exclusive jurisdiction in China are too thick. It is necessary to further study and clarify.
China's ideas on international treaties are too conservative and open to the public.
The development of China's civil and commercial law needs to be further developed.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2002
【分類號】：D997
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