【摘要】：房屋租賃法律制度是我國民商法上的一個重要制度,其設(shè)計合理與否直接關(guān)系到租賃雙方的權(quán)益。目前我國低收入家庭在社會中所占比例仍然很大,他們無力購買房屋只能采取租賃形式解決住房需要。由于房屋承租人往往處于經(jīng)濟上的弱勢地位,其在房屋租賃中的權(quán)益更易受到侵害。承租人容易受到出租人的非法驅(qū)逐,導(dǎo)致其生活不穩(wěn)定,同時也影響社會安定,因此應(yīng)該對房屋承租人的權(quán)益給予特別的保護。 目前我國房屋租賃方面的法律規(guī)定還比較粗糙,仍然存在許多和實踐脫節(jié)的地方,對承租人權(quán)益保護的關(guān)注仍顯不夠。國內(nèi)對承租人權(quán)益保護的研究側(cè)重于從承租人的“優(yōu)先購買權(quán)”,“買賣不破租賃”和“租賃權(quán)的物權(quán)化”方面考慮。而對承租人享有的一定條件下的優(yōu)先續(xù)租權(quán),對出租人合同解除權(quán)的限制,以及對押金的限制等方面研究的還不深入。本文將采用比較研究的方法,利用民商法和經(jīng)濟法的基本理論,對房屋租賃中承租人享有的權(quán)益,其易受到侵害的表現(xiàn)及其原因和如何對承租人給予保護進行逐一的分析。同時借鑒英美法中對承租人權(quán)益保護的先進經(jīng)驗來對我國房屋租賃方面的法律制度進行分析,指出目前我國法律對承租人權(quán)益保護的不足,并提出立法上的建議。目前我國房屋租賃實踐中承租人支付押金的現(xiàn)象十分普遍,而目前的法律對押金的給付并無明確規(guī)定,導(dǎo)致實踐中的押金給付往往過高,加重了承租人的負(fù)擔(dān)使其利益受到損害。因此我國應(yīng)借鑒國外先進經(jīng)驗對房屋押金進行必要的限制,以緩解承租人經(jīng)濟上的壓力。我國法律明確規(guī)定了承租人的優(yōu)先購買權(quán),但對房屋承租人的優(yōu)先承租權(quán)則未有規(guī)定。本文認(rèn)為承租人也應(yīng)該享有法定的優(yōu)先承租權(quán),其意義甚至比優(yōu)先購買權(quán)更為重要。因為實踐當(dāng)中承租人購買房屋的
[Abstract]:The legal system of house lease is an important system in civil and commercial law of our country. Whether the design is reasonable or not is directly related to the rights and interests of both parties. At present, the proportion of low-income families in the society is still very large, they can not afford to buy a house but to take the form of leasing to meet the housing needs. Because the lessee is often in the weak position of economy, his rights and interests in the house lease are more vulnerable to infringement. The lessee is vulnerable to illegal eviction of the lessor, which leads to the instability of his life and also affects the social stability. Therefore, special protection should be given to the rights and interests of the lessee. At present, the laws and regulations of housing lease in our country are still rough, there are still many disjointed places with practice, and the attention to the protection of lessee's rights and interests is still insufficient. The domestic research on the protection of the lessee's rights and interests focuses on the consideration of the lessee's "preemptive right", "buying and selling unbroken lease" and "the real right of leasehold". However, the research on the priority of the lessee under certain conditions, the limitation of the lessor's right to rescind the contract, and the limitation of the deposit, etc. This article will adopt the method of comparative study, use the basic theory of civil and commercial law and economic law, analyze the expression and reason of the lessee's rights and interests in the house lease, and how to protect the lessee one by one. At the same time, drawing lessons from the advanced experience in the protection of lessee's rights and interests in Anglo-American law, this paper analyzes the legal system of housing lease in our country, points out the deficiency of the protection of lessee's rights and interests in our country's law at present, and puts forward some suggestions on legislation. At present, the phenomenon of lessee paying deposit is very common in the practice of house leasing in our country, but the current law has no clear stipulation on the payment of deposit, which leads to the overpayment of deposit in practice. The burden on the lessee was increased to the detriment of his interests. Therefore, our country should draw lessons from the advanced experience of foreign countries to restrict the house deposit so as to relieve the economic pressure of the lessee. The law of our country clearly stipulates the preemptive right of the lessee, but not the preemptive right of the house lessee. This paper holds that the lessee should also enjoy the legal preemption right, and its significance is even more important than the preemptive right. Because in practice, the lessee buys the house
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：D923

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