【摘要】：票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)法律問題在我國票據(jù)法的理論與實(shí)務(wù)中都是一個(gè)比較新的課題，但是其所涉及的問題卻極有挑戰(zhàn)性。從國際范圍上看，盡管有的國家在票據(jù)法中沒有明文規(guī)定“票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)”，但并不意味著票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)無足輕重。它具有重要的理論意義和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。我國在票據(jù)法中首次引入了“票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)”，這是一個(gè)突破，，然而在商法理論界對(duì)這個(gè)問題的系統(tǒng)研究在廣度和深度方面尚顯薄弱。本文在參考、借鑒各種學(xué)術(shù)著作的基礎(chǔ)上，通過深入思考，對(duì)票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)制度進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)化的研究，并提出了筆者的一些看法和意見，希望對(duì)我國票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)問題的研究有所幫助。全文共分為四個(gè)部分。 第一部分主要是票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)的一般理論解析， 建立起票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)的基本理論框架。1、介紹票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)的含義。通過總結(jié)國際上關(guān)于票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)的比較權(quán)威的幾種說法，筆者認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)將票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)定義為，票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)是給付票據(jù)的雙方當(dāng)事人按照雙方認(rèn)可的相對(duì)應(yīng)的代價(jià)進(jìn)行票據(jù)交換，是票據(jù)活動(dòng)中必須遵循的一項(xiàng)重要準(zhǔn)則。2、全面系統(tǒng)分析票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)的法律規(guī)則。用舉例的方法，通過比較票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)與合同對(duì)價(jià)得出票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)適用的法律規(guī)則。包括以下幾個(gè)方面，票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)是主觀與客觀的統(tǒng)一；票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)可以是現(xiàn)在的、可以是將來的、也可以是過去的；票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)必須真實(shí)，并且可以擴(kuò)大適用到第三人；不充分的票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)可能構(gòu)成對(duì)價(jià)不真實(shí)或欺詐的證據(jù)；票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)必須合法；票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)必須是可以執(zhí)行的；票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)不能決定所取得票據(jù)權(quán)利的多少。 第二部分著重討論票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)的價(jià)值。這部分筆者是從法哲學(xué)價(jià)值和現(xiàn)實(shí)法律效果兩個(gè)方面來闡述的。1、法律價(jià)值體現(xiàn)，主要是票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)對(duì)法律所追求的價(jià)值目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)作用，法律所追求的價(jià)值目標(biāo)是秩序、自由、效率和正義，票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)的存在對(duì)這四個(gè)方面的作用都不可小覷。2、票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)的法律效果。票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)對(duì)票據(jù)法的其他方面有不同的影響，從四個(gè)角度分析，即票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)與票據(jù)的無因性的關(guān)系，得出結(jié)論，票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)可以彌補(bǔ)無因性帶來的缺陷；票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)與票據(jù)的善意取得的關(guān)系，票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)是票據(jù)的善意取得的一個(gè)必備條件；票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)與票據(jù)抗辯的關(guān)系，票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)可以成為票據(jù)抗辯的事由，無對(duì)價(jià) WP=42 的抗辯是抗辯限制的例外；票據(jù)沒有給付對(duì)價(jià)而取得票據(jù)的情況。 第三部分是兩大票據(jù)法體系對(duì)于票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)的態(tài)度分析。這部分首先討論了為什么要比較這兩大票據(jù)法體系；其次是兩大票據(jù)法體系關(guān)于票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)的沖突；最后是兩大票據(jù)法體系關(guān)于票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)的協(xié)調(diào)。 第四部分是我國票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)制度的缺陷和完善。筆者主要是總結(jié)了我國票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)的相關(guān)司法案例，旨在表明我國票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)在實(shí)踐中存在的問題和實(shí)用情況，作為一個(gè)鋪墊，然后分析了我國票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)制度中存在的缺陷，最后研究我國票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)制度的完善。重點(diǎn)在于最后，即結(jié)合票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)的缺陷提出的幾點(diǎn)意見，一是從宏觀上看，應(yīng)當(dāng)加大對(duì)票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)的研究力度；二是從微觀上看，明確幾個(gè)含義，即“對(duì)價(jià)規(guī)則”，“前手”，“票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)與取得對(duì)價(jià)”；并且票據(jù)對(duì)價(jià)是取得票據(jù)并享有票據(jù)權(quán)利的要件之一，但不是唯一的條件，還需要有主觀上的因素；筆者建議在法律中增加不相應(yīng)對(duì)價(jià)的規(guī)定，使依照規(guī)定推出的結(jié)論與民商法的宗旨相一致。
[Abstract]:The legal issue of negotiable instruments consideration is a relatively new topic in the theory and practice of our country's negotiable instruments law, but the problems involved are extremely challenging. In the international scope, although some countries do not explicitly stipulate "negotiable instruments consideration" in the negotiable instruments law, it does not mean that negotiable instruments consideration is of little importance. Significance and practical significance. It is a breakthrough to introduce "negotiable instrument consideration" into the negotiable instrument law for the first time in China. However, the systematic research on this issue in the field of commercial law is still weak in breadth and depth. This paper systematizes the negotiable instrument consideration system on the basis of reference and learning from various academic works. The paper is divided into four parts.
The first part is mainly the general theoretical analysis of the consideration of negotiable instruments, establishing the basic theoretical framework of the consideration of negotiable instruments.1, introducing the meaning of the consideration of negotiable instruments. It is an important criterion that must be followed in negotiable instrument activities to exchange negotiable instruments at the corresponding cost. 2. To analyze the legal rules of negotiable instruments consideration comprehensively and systematically. Unification; Consideration of negotiable instruments can be present, future or past; Consideration of negotiable instruments must be true and can be extended to third parties; Inadequate consideration of negotiable instruments may constitute evidence of untruthfulness or fraud; Consideration of negotiable instruments must be legal; Consideration of negotiable instruments must be enforceable; Consideration of negotiable instruments must be enforceable. The price does not determine the right of the negotiable instrument.
The second part focuses on the value of negotiable instruments. This part of the author from the value of legal philosophy and practical legal effects to elaborate. The legal effect of negotiable instrument consideration has different influence on other aspects of negotiable instrument law. This paper analyzes the relationship between negotiable instrument consideration and negotiable instrument non-causality from four angles and draws a conclusion that negotiable instrument consideration can make up for the defects caused by non-causality; negotiable instrument consideration and good faith of negotiable instrument. Consideration of negotiable instruments is a necessary condition for the bona fide acquisition of negotiable instruments. Consideration of negotiable instruments can become the cause of negotiable instruments'defence without consideration.
WP=42
The defense is the exception of the defense restriction; the bill does not pay the consideration to obtain the bill.
The third part is an analysis of the attitudes of the two major negotiable instruments law systems toward negotiable instruments.
The fourth part is the defect and perfection of the negotiable instruments consideration system in our country.The author mainly summarizes the relevant judicial cases of the negotiable instruments consideration in our country, aiming to show the problems and practical situation in the practice of the negotiable instruments consideration in our country. The key point lies in the perfection of the price system. The last point is that the paper puts forward some suggestions in combination with the defects of the bill consideration. First, from the macroscopic point of view, the study of the bill consideration should be strengthened. Second, from the microscopic point of view, it is clear that there are several meanings, namely, "the consideration rules", "the forehand", "the bill consideration and the acquisition consideration"; and the bill consideration is to obtain the ticket. According to and enjoy the rights of negotiable instruments is one of the important conditions, but not the only conditions, but also need subjective factors; the author proposes to add the provisions of unreasonable prices in the law, so as to make the conclusions drawn in accordance with the provisions consistent with the purpose of civil and commercial law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2004
【分類號(hào)】：D912.28

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