本文選題：蘇格蘭 + 蘇格蘭法�。� 參考：《中國政法大學(xué)》2007年博士論文

【摘要】： 蘇格蘭法是一種兼有大陸法與英美法成分的混合法律體系,本文從法律體系入手研究此種混合特征的形成與表現(xiàn)。第一、二章分別對蘇格蘭的繼受羅馬法和受英國法改造的全過程作詳細(xì)描述,前者指出留學(xué)潮的興起和最高民事法院的建立是繼受的保證,十八世紀(jì)時(shí)學(xué)術(shù)化蘇格蘭法已經(jīng)成熟,繼受完成,后者從影響途徑、英國法主導(dǎo)地位的確立以及對各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的影響程度這三點(diǎn)解析英國法對蘇格蘭法的改造。第三、四、五章分別從法的結(jié)構(gòu)、法律淵源和司法制度這三個(gè)法律體系的構(gòu)成要素來分析混合特征。蘇格蘭對基本法律概念和法律原則的強(qiáng)調(diào)、“權(quán)利之法”的觀念、大陸式部門法體系說明大陸法傳統(tǒng)主導(dǎo)著法的結(jié)構(gòu),但受到英國法影響的干擾和削弱,最顯著的是蘇格蘭法與英國法一樣缺乏獨(dú)立的商法。法律淵源以判例法和聯(lián)合王國議會英國式的制定法為主,但大陸法否定判例效力和重視原則的傳統(tǒng)削弱了先例原則,而且1707年前蘇格蘭議會的制定法仍然依照大陸模式,經(jīng)典法律著述則是大陸法以學(xué)說為法律淵源之歷史習(xí)慣的殘余,此外習(xí)慣法和衡平也表現(xiàn)出英美法和大陸法的雙重影響。司法制度主要包括法院、訴訟程序與法律家,一元化的法院組織和整體主義特征分別體現(xiàn)英美法和大陸法的標(biāo)志性影響。訴訟程序的形式和內(nèi)在機(jī)理在很大程度上受到英國法的改造,但大陸法成分也仍然很多,證據(jù)法亦兼有大陸法和英美法特色。法律家在表面上同于英國法,即律師為法律職業(yè)之母及其兩分結(jié)構(gòu),但實(shí)質(zhì)上他們與大陸國家一樣來自大學(xué),法律家代表是人文化、學(xué)術(shù)化的高級律師。第六章分析兩個(gè)典型的制度移植——信托和浮動負(fù)擔(dān),兩者都經(jīng)過大陸式改造,不再是救濟(jì)方式而是確定的制度,但仍未擺脫衡平法的理念基礎(chǔ),它們既帶來新的發(fā)展,又引起新的不諧,體現(xiàn)了微觀上混合的發(fā)展。結(jié)論認(rèn)為蘇格蘭法是當(dāng)之無愧的混合法律體系,并進(jìn)一步指出這與蘇格蘭特殊的歷史文化和民族精神息息相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Scottish law is a mixed legal system with the elements of continental law and Anglo-American law. This paper studies the formation and expression of the mixed characteristics from the legal system. The first and second chapters describe in detail the whole process of Scotland's succession to Roman law and the reform of English law. The former points out that the rise of the tide of studying abroad and the establishment of the Supreme Civil Court are the guarantee of succession. In the 18th century, the academic Scottish law was mature and finished. The latter analyzed the reform of Scottish law from three aspects: the way of influence, the establishment of the dominant position of English law and the degree of influence on various fields. The third, fourth and fifth chapters analyze the mixed characteristics from the structure of the law, the origin of law and the judicial system. Scotland's emphasis on basic legal concepts and legal principles, the concept of "law of rights", and the continental system of departmental law illustrate that the tradition of continental law dominates the structure of law, but is interfered and weakened by the influence of English law. Most notably, Scottish law, like English law, lacks independent commercial law. The sources of law are mainly case law and the Anglo-British statute law of the United Kingdom Parliament, but the tradition of continental law negating the validity of case law and attaching importance to the principle of precedent weakens the principle of precedent, and the enactment law of the Scottish Parliament before 1707 is still based on the mainland model. The classical legal writings are the remnants of the historical habits in which the theory is the source of the law. In addition, the customary law and the equalization also show the dual influence of the Anglo-American law and the continental law. The judicial system mainly includes the court, the lawsuit procedure and the lawman, the monistic court organization and the whole doctrine characteristic respectively manifests the British and American law and the continental law iconic influence. The form and internal mechanism of litigation procedure have been reformed by English law to a great extent, but there are still a lot of elements in civil law, and the evidence law also has the characteristics of civil law and Anglo-American law. On the surface they are the same as English law, that is, lawyers are the mother of the legal profession and their two-part structure, but in fact they come from universities as well as the mainland countries, and they are represented by senior lawyers of human culture and academicalization. The sixth chapter analyzes two typical systems-trust and floating burden. Both of them are reformed by the continental style, which is no longer a relief mode but a determined system, but still not free from the conceptual basis of equity, which has brought new development. It also causes a new dissonance, reflecting the development of microcosmic mixing. The conclusion is that Scottish law is a well-deserved mixed legal system, and further points out that it is closely related to Scotland's special history, culture and national spirit.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：D956.1

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本文編號：1980382