本文選題：海事賠償責(zé)任限制　切入點(diǎn)：海事賠償責(zé)任限制主體　出處：《上海海事大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 本文根據(jù)國(guó)際海事公約和我國(guó)海商法律、法規(guī)，結(jié)合海事審判實(shí)務(wù)，討論和研究海事賠償責(zé)任限制的若干理論和實(shí)踐問(wèn)題。文章認(rèn)為： 海事賠償責(zé)任限制是一項(xiàng)具有悠久歷史的海事法律制度，也是一項(xiàng)不同于民事賠償原則的特殊法律制度�！�1957年海船所有人責(zé)任限制國(guó)際公約》和《1976年海事索賠責(zé)任限制公約》在擴(kuò)大責(zé)任限制主體、促進(jìn)航運(yùn)業(yè)發(fā)展；提高責(zé)任限額、合理限制責(zé)任；海上人身傷亡損害賠償?shù)奶貏e保護(hù)；以及賠償方式有利于債權(quán)人、責(zé)任人的原則呈現(xiàn)統(tǒng)一趨勢(shì)。 國(guó)際海事界經(jīng)過(guò)近百年的運(yùn)作，對(duì)海事賠償責(zé)任限制的調(diào)整范圍達(dá)成比較一致的共識(shí)，形成了比較完整的制度體系，這套制度包括責(zé)任限制的主體、限制性債權(quán)和非限制性債權(quán)的范圍、賠償限額標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及喪失責(zé)任限制的條件等。 《海商法》規(guī)定，海事賠償責(zé)任限制主體包括船舶所有人、船舶承租人、船舶經(jīng)營(yíng)人、救助人、責(zé)任保險(xiǎn)人及船舶所有人、救助人的雇傭人、代理人等。筆者認(rèn)為，《國(guó)際海運(yùn)條例》規(guī)定的“無(wú)船承運(yùn)人”作為以承運(yùn)人身份經(jīng)營(yíng)海上運(yùn)輸?shù)墓渤羞\(yùn)人，因其不擁有船舶、不經(jīng)營(yíng)控制船舶，區(qū)別于對(duì)船舶具有利益的船舶所有人、船舶承租人及船舶經(jīng)營(yíng)人等責(zé)任限制主體，從而無(wú)法限制賠償責(zé)任。 關(guān)于海事賠償責(zé)任限制與海事賠償責(zé)任限制基金的關(guān)系。設(shè)立海事賠償責(zé)任限制基金不應(yīng)以責(zé)任人是否喪失海事賠償責(zé)任限制為審查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；海事賠償責(zé)任限制基金將對(duì)債權(quán)人行使債權(quán)的影響。 關(guān)于海事賠償責(zé)任限制與船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)的關(guān)系。船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)的規(guī)定不影響海事賠償責(zé)任限制的實(shí)施；海事賠償責(zé)任限制基金設(shè)立和分配將影響和消滅船舶優(yōu)先權(quán)。 最后分析了我國(guó)海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度適用方面的特點(diǎn)及有關(guān)程序問(wèn)題，指出了我國(guó)海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度的缺陷并提出相應(yīng)的立法對(duì)策。 總之，，海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度中還有許多有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題亟待解決。筆者僅提出了自己的看法，不足之處敬請(qǐng)指正。
[Abstract]:Based on the international maritime conventions and Chinese maritime laws and regulations, combined with the maritime trial practice, this paper discusses and studies some theoretical and practical problems concerning the limitation of liability for maritime claims. Limitation of liability for maritime claims is a maritime legal system with a long history. It is also a special legal regime different from the principle of civil compensation. The 1957 International Convention on the limitation of the liability of owners of ships and the 1976 Convention on limitation of liability for Maritime claims expand the subject of liability limitation, promote the development of the shipping industry, and raise the liability limit, The principle of reasonable limitation of liability; special protection of compensation for personal injury and injury at sea; and the principle of compensation in favour of creditors and responsible persons show a unified trend. After nearly one hundred years of operation, the international maritime community has reached a relatively consistent consensus on the scope of the adjustment of the limitation of liability for maritime claims, and has formed a relatively complete system system, which includes the subject of the limitation of liability. The scope of restrictive and non-restrictive claims, limits of compensation and conditions for loss of liability. The Maritime Law stipulates that the subject of limitation of liability for maritime claims includes the owner of the ship, the charterer, the operator of the ship, the salvor, the liable insurer and the owner of the ship, and the servant of the salvor, The author thinks that the "non-ship carrier" stipulated in the International Maritime regulations, as a public carrier who operates maritime transport as a carrier, does not own the ship and does not operate and control the ship. Different from the owner, charterer and operator of the ship, it is impossible to limit the liability. On the relationship between limitation of liability for maritime claims and limitation fund for liability for maritime claims. The establishment of the limitation fund for liability for maritime claims should not be based on whether the person responsible loses the limitation of liability for maritime claims as the standard of examination; The effect of the limitation of liability for maritime claims on the creditor's rights. On the relationship between limitation of liability for maritime claims and maritime liens. The provisions of maritime liens do not affect the implementation of limitation of liability for maritime claims; the establishment and distribution of the limitation fund for maritime liability will affect and destroy maritime liens. Finally, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the limitation system of maritime claims liability and some procedural problems, points out the defects of the limitation system of maritime claims liability in China and puts forward the corresponding legislative countermeasures. In a word, there are still many controversial problems in the limitation system of maritime claims liability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.294;D996.19

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 朱成康;海事賠償責(zé)任限制若干問(wèn)題研究[D];華東政法大學(xué);2009年

2 梁鴻鶴;我國(guó)鐵路旅客人身傷亡限額賠償制度的法律研究[D];北京交通大學(xué);2010年

3 李妍;海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度若干問(wèn)題研究[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2010年

4 肖益紅;南非海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度研究[D];湘潭大學(xué);2012年

本文編號(hào)：1698561