本文選題：城市社區(qū)自治模式　切入點：業(yè)主自治　出處：《首都經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 城市社區(qū)自治是從私法自治中衍生出來、借鑒公法自治模式產(chǎn)生的一種新類型的特殊自治。城市社區(qū)自治在某種程度上借鑒了國家管理的模式,以建筑物區(qū)分所有權(quán)為理論基礎(chǔ)將業(yè)主對于房屋的所有權(quán)和管理權(quán)進行分離。隨著社會的發(fā)展,私法領(lǐng)域也開始借鑒公法中的管理模式,例如公司的股東大會、董事會、監(jiān)事會即借鑒國家立法權(quán)、行政權(quán)、司法權(quán)分立的模式設(shè)立,盧梭的“社會契約論”同樣也適用小規(guī)模的社會群體的管理,我在本文中對于城市社區(qū)自治結(jié)構(gòu)的討論也正是以借鑒這種理論和模式為基礎(chǔ)。 近年來,城市社區(qū)自治在實踐中顯現(xiàn)出來的問題日益突出,業(yè)主自治糾紛呈逐年上升趨勢,嚴重影響了社會的安定。我認為,立法上的缺失、行政管理的缺位、以及業(yè)主民主參與意識的淡漠是引發(fā)社區(qū)自治糾紛的主要原因。為此,加強立法,建立有效的法律救濟手段并改變行政管理模式,在提高業(yè)主的自治能力和參與意識的基礎(chǔ)上引入居民委員會的基層民主領(lǐng)導,才是預防和解決這類糾紛的有效措施,這也正是本文研究的現(xiàn)實意義所在。 本文擬從經(jīng)濟法的基本原理出發(fā),通過民商法以及行政法相關(guān)的法律作為背景進行分析和探討,最后提出完善城市社區(qū)自治的法律建議。 首先,文章第一章介紹了社區(qū)自治的基本概念及理論基礎(chǔ),從宏觀的層面上對城市社區(qū)治理的現(xiàn)狀進行概括性描述,通過現(xiàn)實存在的各種矛盾為下文社區(qū)自治中的法律關(guān)系的闡述提供鋪墊。第二章,介紹了以美國、日本、新加坡為代表的國外典型社區(qū)治理模式。第三章,對我國城市社區(qū)治理情況進行了系統(tǒng)的梳理分析。該部分指出了現(xiàn)階段社區(qū)治理中存在的問題,結(jié)合前兩章的基本知識對我國社區(qū)治理中遇到的困難進行了逐一的分析,從而論證我國在立法中、實踐中對業(yè)主自治模式進行規(guī)制的必要性。第四章主要針對第三章所反映的具體問題提出了以業(yè)主為權(quán)利主體的社區(qū)有限自治制度。 希望通過本題的完成能明確城市社區(qū)自治的概念及相應(yīng)的法律關(guān)系,規(guī)范城市社區(qū)治理在實踐中的運作,通過對法律制度完善和以居民委員會為基礎(chǔ)的“有限自治”模式的提出更好的協(xié)調(diào)社區(qū)的矛盾、保護業(yè)主的權(quán)利,促進以社區(qū)自治為基礎(chǔ)的基層民主更規(guī)范、有效的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Urban community autonomy is a new type of special autonomy derived from private law autonomy and drawing lessons from the model of public law autonomy. To some extent, urban community autonomy draws lessons from the mode of state management. With the development of society, the field of private law begins to learn from the management mode of public law, such as the shareholders' meeting of the company, the board of directors. The board of supervisors was set up by drawing lessons from the separation of the legislative, executive and judicial powers of the state. Rousseau's "social contract theory" also applies to the management of small social groups. In this paper, I discuss the structure of urban community autonomy is based on this theory and model. In recent years, the problems of urban community autonomy have become more and more prominent in practice, and the disputes of owners' autonomy have been rising year by year, which has seriously affected the social stability. And the indifference of owners' democratic participation consciousness is the main reason of causing community autonomy disputes. Therefore, we should strengthen legislation, establish effective legal remedies and change the administrative mode. It is an effective measure to prevent and resolve this kind of disputes by introducing the democratic leadership of the residents' committee on the basis of improving the autonomy ability and participation consciousness of the owners, which is also the practical significance of this study. Based on the basic principles of economic law, this paper analyzes and probes into the civil and commercial law and the relevant laws of administrative law as the background, and finally puts forward some legal suggestions to perfect the autonomy of urban community. First of all, the first chapter introduces the basic concept and theoretical basis of community autonomy, and gives a general description of the present situation of urban community governance from the macro level. In the second chapter, the author introduces the typical foreign community governance model, which is represented by the United States, Japan and Singapore. This part points out the problems existing in community governance at the present stage, and analyzes the difficulties encountered in community governance one by one, combining with the basic knowledge in the first two chapters. In order to demonstrate the necessity of regulating the owner autonomy model in legislation and practice in our country. Chapter 4th mainly puts forward the community limited autonomy system with owner as the subject of right in view of the specific problems reflected in the third chapter. It is hoped that through the completion of this topic, the concept of urban community autonomy and the corresponding legal relations can be clarified, and the operation of urban community governance in practice can be standardized. By perfecting the legal system and putting forward the mode of "limited autonomy" based on the residents' committee, we can better coordinate the contradictions of the community, protect the rights of the owners, and promote a more standardized and effective development of grass-roots democracy based on community autonomy.
【學位授予單位】：首都經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D922.29

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本文編號：1630627