本文選題：有限責任公司　切入點：隱名股東　出處：《湖南大學》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：有限責任公司股東資格是股東行使股東權利、承擔股東義務的基礎。實踐中,由于公司在設立和運作過程中存在不規(guī)范操作、隱名出資等原因,關于如何確認有限責任公司股東資格,在我國司法界存在較為明顯的分歧。目前,比較有代表性的觀點和做法是,將影響股東資格的有關要素分為形式要件和實質要件,并根據這些要件來判斷股東資格。形式要件為：公司章程、股東名冊以及工商登記的記載。實質要件為：履行出資義務、實際享有股東權利等。在大多數案件中,司法機關僅僅依靠形式要件作為唯一的判斷依據,而忽視對實質要件的考量。然而,商法行為本質上是以表意為特征的民事行為,意思表示是法律行為的核心。特別是在大多數股東資格爭議案件中,當事人往往不具備任何形式上的要件,這時只能依靠行為人是否有成為股東的意思表示,并且是否符合我國有限責任公司人合性要求等實質性要件來進行判斷。在這一類案件中,如何確定實質要件的內容,如何對實質要件進行舉證,就顯得非常重要。 司法實踐中,對“隱名股東”這一概念的使用一直都比較混亂,“隱名股東”往往成為隱名出資、隱名持股等現象的代稱。究其原因在于對隱名股東的內涵與外延缺乏明確的界定。嚴格意義上的隱名股東只能依據與顯名股東之間的協(xié)議而產生,其他股東只知道顯明股東,并不知道隱名股東的存在。因此,隱名股東與冒名出資、名義出資、事實股東是存在區(qū)別的。隱名股東權利義務的范疇,以及隱名股東權利義務的行使方式有其獨特的特征,隱名股東的法律地位應當區(qū)別于公司的一般股東,對“隱名股東”的使用也受到嚴格的限制。
[Abstract]:The qualification of shareholders in a limited liability company is the basis for shareholders to exercise their rights and undertake the obligations of shareholders. In practice, due to the existence of irregular operation and anonymous capital contribution in the course of establishment and operation of the company, There are obvious differences on how to confirm the shareholder qualification of limited liability company in our country. At present, the more representative view and practice is to divide the relevant factors that affect the qualification of shareholders into formal and substantive elements. According to these elements, the qualification of shareholders is judged. The formal elements are: the articles of association, the register of shareholders and the records of industrial and commercial registration. The essential elements are: fulfilling the obligation of capital contribution, actually enjoying the rights of shareholders, etc. In most cases, The judiciary only relies on formal elements as the sole basis of judgment, while neglecting the consideration of substantive elements. However, commercial law acts are essentially civil acts characterized by ideologies. Expression of will is the core of legal action. Especially in most cases of shareholder qualification dispute, the parties often do not have any formal elements, so they can only rely on whether the actor has the intention to become a shareholder. In this kind of cases, how to determine the content of substantive elements, how to prove the substantive elements, it is very important. In judicial practice, the use of the concept of "dormant shareholder" has always been confused. The reason for this phenomenon lies in the lack of a clear definition of the connotation and extension of dormant shareholders. In a strict sense, anonymous shareholders can only be produced on the basis of an agreement with explicit shareholders, and other shareholders only know the obvious shareholders. Therefore, there is a difference between the hidden shareholder and the false capital contribution, the nominal capital contribution, the fact shareholder. The category of the rights and obligations of the hidden shareholders and the way of exercising the rights and obligations of the hidden shareholders have their unique characteristics. The legal status of dormant shareholders should be different from the general shareholders of the company, and the use of hidden shareholders should be strictly restricted.
【學位授予單位】：湖南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D922.291.91

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本文編號：1630453