本文選題：民事留置權(quán)　切入點(diǎn)：商事留置權(quán)　出處：《寧波大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：商事交易的頻繁，使得商人與商人之間的債權(quán)債務(wù)頻生，而僅靠抵押權(quán)、質(zhì)權(quán)等其它擔(dān)保物權(quán)卻無法解決商事交易中紛繁復(fù)雜的債權(quán)債務(wù)關(guān)系。商事留置權(quán)制度有著久遠(yuǎn)的歷史亦成為解決商事交易困境的出路�？上�，無論是民法部門還是商法部門對(duì)商事留置制度都鮮有研究，只在《物權(quán)法》中有寥寥數(shù)筆、閃爍其詞的規(guī)定。但是，從一個(gè)角度來看《物權(quán)法》的規(guī)定卻為本文研究商事留置權(quán)提供了契機(jī)。本文追本溯源，從歷史的角度出發(fā)，挖掘商事留置權(quán)的最初形態(tài)及其發(fā)展過程，并對(duì)現(xiàn)今該制度的適用所產(chǎn)生的問題做出思考，從而為建立完善的商事留置權(quán)制度提供參考性建議。 第一部分，從商事留置權(quán)的起源及其在國內(nèi)外立法中規(guī)定入手。留置權(quán)制度最初的萌芽是隨著工商業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，社會(huì)關(guān)系的復(fù)雜化而隨之發(fā)展起來的，而各國各地區(qū)間的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r不同，從而以經(jīng)濟(jì)為基礎(chǔ)而產(chǎn)生的各種上層社會(huì)制度也是不同的。因此留置權(quán)在各國各地區(qū)的發(fā)展適用是有區(qū)別的。故一方面留置權(quán)制度的重要性與實(shí)用性不言而喻，另一方面我國大陸的商事留置權(quán)應(yīng)結(jié)合我國國情，因地制宜。 第二部分，從民事留置權(quán)享有優(yōu)先效力的角度出發(fā)。闡述民事留置權(quán)享有優(yōu)先性有充分的理論基礎(chǔ),而現(xiàn)階段賦予商事留置權(quán)同民事留置權(quán)同樣的優(yōu)先性卻缺乏理論依據(jù)。因此，本文在承認(rèn)商事留置權(quán)具有優(yōu)先性的基礎(chǔ)上，力求以同一法律關(guān)系與牽連關(guān)系為切入口，為商事留置權(quán)的優(yōu)先效力找尋理論依據(jù)，，同時(shí)為下文的論述做好鋪墊。 第三部分，以第二部分為基礎(chǔ)，在承接第二部分論證商事留置權(quán)享有優(yōu)先性存在理論缺失的現(xiàn)實(shí)下,進(jìn)一步論證因此而產(chǎn)生的種種權(quán)利沖突與法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，同時(shí)緊緊回扣文章主題：商事留置權(quán)制度存在缺陷，必須予以完善。并且為文章第四部分的制度完善打好基礎(chǔ)。 第四部分，既然商事留置權(quán)制度在適用過程中可能產(chǎn)生諸多的問題，那么從理論上完善商事留置權(quán)制度是論文必須解決的任務(wù)。而商法是民法基礎(chǔ)上具有相對(duì)獨(dú)立性的特別法，商法本身具有一些特殊理論和概念，因此運(yùn)用商法理念解決商事留置權(quán)問題是完善該項(xiàng)制度的出路。本部分從商法理念的角度出發(fā)，為商事留置權(quán)制度的完善提供參考性的見解。
[Abstract]:Because of the frequent commercial transactions, the creditor's rights and debts between the merchant and the businessman are often born, and only rely on the mortgage. However, other security interests, such as pledge, cannot solve the complicated relationship between creditor's rights and debts in commercial transactions. The commercial lien system has a long history and has become a way out to solve the dilemma of commercial transactions. Neither the civil law department nor the commercial law department has studied the commercial lien system. There are only a few evasive provisions in the Real Law. From a point of view, the provisions of Real right Law provide an opportunity for this article to study commercial lien. This paper traces its origin, from the historical point of view, excavates the initial form of commercial lien and its development process. The problems arising from the application of the present system are also considered, thus providing reference suggestions for the establishment of a perfect commercial lien system. The first part, starting with the origin of commercial lien and its provisions in domestic and foreign legislation, the initial germination of lien system developed with the development of industrial and commercial economy and the complication of social relations. And the economic development situation varies from country to region, Therefore, the development and application of lien in different countries and regions are different. Therefore, on the one hand, the importance and practicability of lien system is self-evident. On the other hand, the commercial lien in mainland China should be combined with the situation of our country. The second part, from the perspective of the priority effect of the civil lien, expounds that the priority of the civil lien has sufficient theoretical basis. However, there is no theoretical basis for giving commercial lien the same priority as civil lien at this stage. Therefore, based on the recognition that commercial lien has priority, this paper tries to take the same legal relationship and implicated relationship as the entry point. To find the theoretical basis for the priority effect of commercial lien, and to pave the way for the following discussion. The third part, on the basis of the second part, further demonstrates the conflicts of rights and legal risks arising from the lack of the theory of commercial lien priority. At the same time, it is necessary to perfect the system of commercial lien, and lay a good foundation for the perfection of the system of part 4th of the article. Part 4th, since the commercial lien system may have many problems in its application, Therefore, to improve the system of commercial lien theoretically is the task that the thesis must solve. While commercial law is a special law with relative independence on the basis of civil law, the commercial law itself has some special theories and concepts. Therefore, it is the way to perfect this system by using commercial law idea to solve the problem of commercial lien. This part provides reference for the perfection of commercial lien system from the angle of commercial law idea.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧波大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D923

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