【摘要】：違約損害賠償作為一種常見的違約責任,對于保護合同雙方當事人的權(quán)益、維護市場經(jīng)濟秩序作用巨大。違約損害賠償?shù)挠嬎銊t是該種違約責任的核心。然而計算問題一直是困擾法官們的一個難題,因此,筆者將著眼于整個違約損害賠償體系,試圖總結(jié)問題之癥結(jié)并提出解決意見,希望能對司法實務操作有所裨益。通過對具體案件的總結(jié),可發(fā)現(xiàn)造成違約損害賠償類案件計算困難、甚至同案不同判的原因是多種多樣的,故筆者試圖歸納了三點較為顯而易見的成因。第一,對"損害"的定義不清。明確損害的定義,才能進一步對損害賠償?shù)姆秶M行界定。第二,違約損害賠償范圍界定混亂。筆者會對目前我國違約損害賠償范圍界定中存在的問題進行歸納,并通過比較法研究,試圖以合同利益為視角,重構(gòu)符合我國現(xiàn)狀的違約損害賠償范圍。第三,缺乏計算方法的適用規(guī)定。筆者將通過對兩種不同計算方法的對比研究,尋求計算方法正確適用之道。違約損害賠償計算的相關規(guī)則是另一個影響計算結(jié)果的重要因素。故筆者不僅會對這些規(guī)則在我國的適用現(xiàn)狀、構(gòu)成要件等基本問題加以闡述,還會對兩個基本性原則,即完全賠償原則和可預見性規(guī)則在適用中出現(xiàn)的問題提出個人見解。韓世遠教授曾在其著作中提出違約損害賠償計算的基本公式,筆者以此為啟發(fā),并結(jié)合在第一部分提出的對合同利益類型的重構(gòu),根據(jù)不同的情況設計出具體的計算公式。由于實踐中合同類型多種多樣,不可能提出一個萬能公式,故筆者主要以買賣合同作為研究對象,按照合同違約方、違約程度的不同總結(jié)出不同的計算公式。其他標的物或服務的提供者可以類推適用賣方計算公式,接受者可適用買方計算公式。
[Abstract]:Compensation for damages for breach of contract, as a common liability for breach of contract, plays an important role in protecting the rights and interests of the parties to the contract and maintaining the order of the market economy. The calculation of damages for breach of contract is the core of the liability for breach of contract. However, the calculation problem has always been a difficult problem for judges. Therefore, the author will focus on the whole system of damages for breach of contract and try to summarize the crux of the problem and put forward some suggestions to solve the problem, in the hope that it can be beneficial to the operation of judicial practice. Through the summary of specific cases, it can be found that the calculation of damages for breach of contract is difficult, and even the reasons for different judgments in the same case are varied. Therefore, the author tries to sum up three obvious causes. First, the definition of "damage" is unclear. Only by clarifying the definition of damage can the scope of damages be further defined. Second, the scope of damages for breach of contract is confused. The author will summarize the problems existing in the definition of the scope of damages for breach of contract in China, and try to reconstruct the scope of compensation for damages for breach of contract in accordance with the present situation of our country from the perspective of contract interests through the study of comparative law. Third, the lack of the applicable provisions of the calculation method. Through the comparative study of two different calculation methods, the author will seek the correct way to apply the calculation method. The rules related to the calculation of damages for breach of contract are another important factor that affects the calculation results. Therefore, the author will not only elaborate on the basic problems of the application of these rules in China, such as the present situation and the constituent elements, but also put forward some personal opinions on the two basic principles, namely, the principle of complete compensation and the rule of predictability in the application of these rules. Professor Han Shiyuan has put forward the basic formula for calculating damages for breach of contract in his works, which is enlightened by the author. In combination with the reconstruction of the type of contract interest put forward in the first part, concrete formulas are designed according to different circumstances. Because of the variety of contract types in practice, it is impossible to put forward a universal formula. Therefore, the author mainly takes the contract of sale and purchase as the research object, and sums up different calculation formulas according to the different default parties and the degree of breach of contract. The seller's formula may be applied by analogy to the provider of other subject matter or service, and the buyer's formula may be applied to the recipient.
【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D923.6

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本文編號：2464321