【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)民法理論認(rèn)為自然人因死亡而喪失民事主體資格,而且人格權(quán)這一專屬性的權(quán)利必然隨著主體的喪失而消火,不受法律的保護(hù),故死者人格利益長(zhǎng)期得不到法律的保護(hù)�，F(xiàn)代社會(huì)隨著人格尊嚴(yán)觀念的強(qiáng)化和大量侵害死者人格利益的侵權(quán)行為的發(fā)生,使得我國(guó)司法實(shí)踐不得不確立起對(duì)死者人格利益進(jìn)行保護(hù)的普遍做法。但是由于缺乏明確的法律規(guī)定,各種學(xué)說(shuō)眾說(shuō)紛紜,而且不利于對(duì)死者人格利益的科學(xué)保護(hù),因此有必要對(duì)各種學(xué)說(shuō)進(jìn)行評(píng)析,從而確定我國(guó)死者人格保護(hù)制度的構(gòu)建模式。我國(guó)正處于人格權(quán)立法以及未來(lái)統(tǒng)一民法典制定的探討過(guò)程中,我們應(yīng)當(dāng)打破傳統(tǒng)民法理論思維的束縛,在保持民法穩(wěn)定性的前提下勇于制度創(chuàng)新,本文借鑒比較法上的經(jīng)驗(yàn)并結(jié)合我國(guó)民法體系本身,提出死者人格利益化的直接保護(hù)模式,以克服其他學(xué)說(shuō)的內(nèi)在矛盾和體系障礙。首先,承認(rèn)可以與民事主體相分離而且繼續(xù)體現(xiàn)死者人格形象的人格要素,并利用法哲學(xué)的獨(dú)特視角而得出死者人格利益是客觀存在的。其次,通過(guò)構(gòu)建死者部分權(quán)利能力制度,承認(rèn)死者在人格權(quán)領(lǐng)域具有民事主體的資格而應(yīng)該受到法律保護(hù)。最后,擴(kuò)張人格權(quán)內(nèi)涵,承認(rèn)死者人格之精神利益與財(cái)產(chǎn)利益,并采取區(qū)別化的保護(hù)方式。文章的最后一部分還提出對(duì)死者人格保護(hù)的其他具體立法建議,例如構(gòu)建死者保護(hù)人制度,確立死者人格利益保護(hù)期限。完善我國(guó)死者人格利益保護(hù)制度的同時(shí)也能促進(jìn)我國(guó)人格權(quán)制度的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The traditional theory of civil law holds that natural persons lose the qualification of civil subject because of death, and the exclusive right of personality right must disappear with the loss of subject and not be protected by law, so the interests of the personality of the deceased can not be protected by law for a long time. With the strengthening of the concept of human dignity and the occurrence of a large number of infringements on the interests of the deceased in modern society, the judicial practice of our country has to establish the universal practice of protecting the interests of the deceased. However, due to the lack of clear legal provisions, different opinions of various doctrines, and not conducive to the scientific protection of the interests of the deceased, it is necessary to evaluate the various doctrines, so as to determine the construction model of the system of protection of the personality of the deceased in our country. Our country is in the process of discussing the legislation of personality right and the formulation of the future unified civil code. We should break the shackles of the traditional civil law theoretical thinking and have the courage to innovate the system under the premise of maintaining the stability of the civil law. Based on the experience of comparative law and the civil law system of our country, this paper puts forward a direct protection model for the benefit of the deceased's personality in order to overcome the inherent contradictions and systemic obstacles of other theories. First of all, admit that the personality elements of the personality image of the deceased can be separated from the civil subject and continue to embody the personality image of the deceased, and draw the conclusion that the interests of the personality of the deceased exist objectively by using the unique perspective of legal philosophy. Secondly, it should be protected by law by constructing the system of partial right capacity of the deceased and recognizing that the deceased has the qualification of civil subject in the field of personality right. Finally, we should expand the connotation of personality right, recognize the spiritual interests and property interests of the deceased personality, and adopt a differentiated way of protection. The last part of the article also puts forward other specific legislative suggestions on the protection of the personality of the deceased, such as the construction of the system of the protector of the deceased and the establishment of the period of protection of the interests of the deceased. Perfecting the system of protecting the interests of the deceased can also promote the development of the system of personality right in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱商業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D923

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本文編號(hào)：2329121