【摘要】：在司法實(shí)踐中,合同糾紛涉及逾期付款違約金的案件審理存在混亂現(xiàn)象,有的對(duì)當(dāng)事人主張的逾期付款違約金予以支持,有的予以駁回。在計(jì)算標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及起算時(shí)限上亦作法不一,我國(guó)現(xiàn)行的法律對(duì)此規(guī)定亦不明確。如何調(diào)整逾期付款違約金,雖然法律有原則性的規(guī)定,但仍賦予了法官非常大的自由裁量權(quán)。以上多種因素導(dǎo)致同案不同判現(xiàn)象的時(shí)有發(fā)生,影響了司法公信力及法律的統(tǒng)一性。對(duì)此,應(yīng)在確定逾期付款違約金的定性、明確起算時(shí)限及規(guī)范計(jì)算標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上做進(jìn)一步探索研究,以便在立法和司法上提出合理建議。全文一共分為五部分進(jìn)行闡述逾期付款違約金制度。第一部分,重點(diǎn)介紹了逾期付款違約金的法學(xué)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí),介紹了其概念,種類以及不同時(shí)期國(guó)家的相關(guān)規(guī)定,以便大家對(duì)逾期付款違約金有個(gè)系統(tǒng)專業(yè)的認(rèn)識(shí);第二部分,主要介紹了世界各國(guó)對(duì)逾期付款違約金的相關(guān)立法規(guī)定;第三部分,重點(diǎn)介紹了在司法實(shí)踐中,對(duì)逾期付款違約金適用的差異,以此來(lái)證明規(guī)范法律制度適用的重要性,杜絕同案不同判的矛盾現(xiàn)象再次發(fā)生。此外,也分析了對(duì)逾期付款違約金適用持不同態(tài)度者的各自的論據(jù),以及如何解決違約金適用爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題;基于第三部分對(duì)司法適用的爭(zhēng)議分析,第四部分,著重關(guān)注對(duì)逾期付款違約金的調(diào)整方面,包括調(diào)整的原則,要件和調(diào)整后制度的司法適用;第五部分,闡明了現(xiàn)有的逾期付款的違約金的法律規(guī)范的不足之處,以及對(duì)完善我逾期付款提出相應(yīng)的立法建議。以上是這篇文章的基本內(nèi)容,在寫(xiě)這篇文章時(shí),以務(wù)實(shí)的態(tài)度,僅僅圍繞逾期付款違約金制度而產(chǎn)生的焦點(diǎn)問(wèn)題,通過(guò)對(duì)現(xiàn)有正在實(shí)施的有效的法律規(guī)定進(jìn)行分析,通過(guò)對(duì)比借鑒國(guó)外逾期付款違約金制度,總結(jié)我國(guó)逾期付款違約金制度的不足,以期提出可行性的完善建議。
[Abstract]:In judicial practice, there is confusion in the trial of cases involving overdue payment of liquidated damages in contract disputes, some of which are supported by the parties concerned and some are rejected. There are different methods in calculating standard and starting time, and the current law of our country is not clear about this. How to adjust the penalty of overdue payment is a matter of principle, but it still gives the judge great discretion. The above factors lead to the phenomenon of different judgments in the same case, which affects the judicial credibility and the unity of the law. In order to put forward reasonable suggestions in legislation and judicature, we should make further exploration and study on determining the nature of overdue payment penalty, defining the starting time limit and standardizing the calculation standard. The full text is divided into five parts to elaborate the system of overdue payment liquidated damages. The first part focuses on the basic legal knowledge of overdue payment liquidated damages, introduces its concept, types and relevant provisions of different countries in different periods, so that everyone can have a systematic and professional understanding of overdue payment liquidated damages; the second part, The third part focuses on introducing the differences in the application of overdue payment liquidated damages in judicial practice, in order to prove the importance of standardizing the application of the legal system. Put an end to the contradiction of different judgments in the same case to occur again. In addition, it also analyzes the arguments of those who hold different attitudes to the application of overdue payment liquidated damages, and how to resolve the dispute on the application of liquidated damages; based on the dispute analysis of judicial application in the third part, the fourth part, Focusing on the adjustment of overdue payment liquidated damages, including the principles of adjustment, the elements and the judicial application of the adjusted system; part V, which clarifies the deficiencies of the existing legal norms on overdue payment of liquidated damages, And to perfect my overdue payment to put forward the corresponding legislative suggestions. The above is the basic content of this article. In writing this article, with a pragmatic attitude, it only revolves around the focus of the system of overdue payment liquidated damages, through an analysis of the existing effective legal provisions that are being implemented. By comparing the foreign overdue payment penalty system, this paper summarizes the deficiency of our country's overdue payment breach penalty system in order to put forward some feasible suggestions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D923.6
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本文編號(hào)：2219872