【摘要】：對(duì)借助于體外受精——胚胎移植這種人工輔助生殖技術(shù)所產(chǎn)生的胚胎的法律地位問(wèn)題,我國(guó)法律尚無(wú)明確的規(guī)定。學(xué)術(shù)界對(duì)此問(wèn)題也存在爭(zhēng)議,目前主要有三種學(xué)說(shuō),即主體說(shuō)、客體說(shuō)和折中說(shuō)。國(guó)外的相關(guān)立法與司法實(shí)踐也表現(xiàn)出不同的傾向與做法。我國(guó)現(xiàn)存關(guān)于該問(wèn)題的立法,多屬于行政管理性規(guī)范,而司法作為社會(huì)救濟(jì)的手段,即使法律沒(méi)有明確規(guī)定,面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)中出現(xiàn)的爭(zhēng)議必須給出明確的判決,因此,研究司法實(shí)踐中的具體案例意義重大。對(duì)我國(guó)首例人體冷凍胚胎權(quán)屬爭(zhēng)議案這一典型案例進(jìn)行分析,從案件的爭(zhēng)議焦點(diǎn)以及案件經(jīng)過(guò)兩審發(fā)生的轉(zhuǎn)變?nèi)胧?借助于關(guān)于冷凍胚胎法律地位的相關(guān)理論分析和相關(guān)立法及司法實(shí)踐的域外經(jīng)驗(yàn),具體探討案件的幾個(gè)爭(zhēng)議焦點(diǎn),即案件中的知情同意書(shū)是否對(duì)涉案冷凍胚胎作出處分,涉案冷凍胚胎的法律地位,涉案冷凍胚胎的權(quán)利歸屬及支配規(guī)則,案件性質(zhì)的確定和案件涉及的程序問(wèn)題。最終得出關(guān)于各個(gè)爭(zhēng)議焦點(diǎn)的相應(yīng)的結(jié)論,并進(jìn)一步簡(jiǎn)單探討對(duì)特殊情況下的冷凍胚胎實(shí)行捐贈(zèng)收養(yǎng)制度的可行性,我國(guó)未來(lái)關(guān)于胚胎法律地位的立法要特別考慮我國(guó)的人口、社會(huì)保障等政策。即使在法無(wú)明文規(guī)定的情形下,法院依然要依法作出裁判,對(duì)我國(guó)首例人體冷凍胚胎權(quán)屬爭(zhēng)議案進(jìn)行評(píng)析,體現(xiàn)了司法作為社會(huì)救濟(jì)的手段必須堅(jiān)持的理念,以事實(shí)為依據(jù),以法律為準(zhǔn)繩,是司法工作人員必須堅(jiān)守的準(zhǔn)則,面對(duì)新型疑難案件,不違背法律的禁止性規(guī)定,作出合乎法理與情理的裁判,使法律充滿人文關(guān)懷,這樣的法律才更有生命力。
[Abstract]:There is no clear stipulation on the legal status of embryos produced by in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. At present, there are three kinds of theories, namely the subject theory, the object theory and the compromise theory. Foreign related legislation and judicial practice also show different tendencies and practices. Most of the existing legislation on this issue in our country belongs to the administrative norm, and the judicature, as a means of social relief, even if the law is not clearly stipulated, we must give a clear judgment in the face of the disputes that appear in reality, so, It is of great significance to study the specific cases in judicial practice. This paper analyzes the first case of human frozen embryo ownership dispute in China, starting with the focus of the case and the change of the case after the two trials. With the help of the relevant theoretical analysis on the legal status of frozen embryos and the extraterritorial experience of relevant legislation and judicial practice, this paper specifically discusses several controversial points in the case, that is, whether the informed consent letter in the case should take action against the frozen embryo involved in the case. The legal status of the frozen embryos involved in the case, the rights of the frozen embryos involved and the rules of their domination, the determination of the nature of the case and the procedural issues involved in the case. Finally, it draws the corresponding conclusions about the various controversial points, and further discusses the feasibility of the system of donation and adoption of frozen embryos under special circumstances. The future legislation on the legal status of embryos in our country should take special account of the population of our country. Social security and other policies Even if there is no express provision in the law, the court still has to make a decision according to law, to comment on the first dispute over the ownership of human frozen embryos in our country, which embodies the idea that the judiciary, as a means of social relief, must adhere to, based on facts. Taking the law as the yardstick is the norm that judicial staff must adhere to. In the face of new types of difficult cases, they should not violate the prohibited provisions of the law, make decisions in accordance with legal and reasonable principles, and make the law full of humanistic concern. Such laws are more alive.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D923;D920.5

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 郭璇;黃某訴廣東中澤重工有限公司勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議案評(píng)析[D];湖南大學(xué);2016年

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本文編號(hào)：2171000