本文選題：人格權(quán) + 商品化　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著商品經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，消費(fèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)的變革影響著人們的生產(chǎn)生活，我們賴以生存的物品甚至權(quán)利商品化的趨勢越來越明顯。市場經(jīng)濟(jì)下的公眾人物姓名、肖像等人格標(biāo)識(shí)中蘊(yùn)含著的巨大影響力，被消費(fèi)者賦予了新的商業(yè)價(jià)值。隨著人格標(biāo)識(shí)商品化的產(chǎn)生和不斷發(fā)展，而相關(guān)制度并未及時(shí)建立，當(dāng)前因侵犯權(quán)利人人格權(quán)產(chǎn)生的糾紛層出不窮。本文通過對(duì)人格權(quán)商品化合理性基礎(chǔ)探討與對(duì)國外相應(yīng)制度的借鑒，結(jié)合中國的立法現(xiàn)狀，構(gòu)建和完善中國的具體制度，主要從以下四個(gè)方面進(jìn)行闡述： 第一部分，人格權(quán)商品化概述。首先，詳細(xì)解釋人格權(quán)商品化制度的概念，闡明所謂人格權(quán)商品化，，主要是指權(quán)利主體通過將自身人格要素投入市場進(jìn)行商業(yè)化利用的方式取得一定的收益作為回報(bào)的制度。其次，從市場經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、實(shí)際生活需要、公共媒介繁榮的現(xiàn)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)，從少量的人格權(quán)本身已經(jīng)在實(shí)際上擁有了財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)的性質(zhì)，衍生了巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的理論基礎(chǔ)，從憲法設(shè)置并保障公民的基本權(quán)利以及民法設(shè)置人身權(quán)獨(dú)立章節(jié)的法律基礎(chǔ)三個(gè)方面人格權(quán)商品化制度的合理性。 第二部分，國外的人格權(quán)商品化制度及其啟示。對(duì)美國隱私權(quán)和公開權(quán)并存的雙重權(quán)利模式、德國人格權(quán)的精神權(quán)益和財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)益可以集中保護(hù)的統(tǒng)一權(quán)利制度、英國對(duì)損害自身人格標(biāo)識(shí)的行為提起仿冒侵權(quán)之訴制度和日本創(chuàng)設(shè)一種新興的商業(yè)形象權(quán)的制度進(jìn)行分析，從各個(gè)制度的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)和運(yùn)行機(jī)制進(jìn)行研究，給我國提供有益借鑒。 第三部分，分析中國人格權(quán)商品化制度的立法現(xiàn)狀和不足，我國的人格權(quán)法、著作權(quán)法、商標(biāo)法和反不正當(dāng)競爭法已經(jīng)有了保護(hù)人格權(quán)商品化的相關(guān)法律條文，但是當(dāng)前的立法現(xiàn)狀仍存在不足。從人格權(quán)法保護(hù)對(duì)象存在局限性、主體權(quán)利具有“專屬性”不能轉(zhuǎn)讓和繼承、權(quán)利主體平等性不同、損害賠償?shù)呢?zé)任方式受到限制等方面，從著作權(quán)法在保護(hù)的范圍、手段、時(shí)間上存在缺陷、從商標(biāo)法注冊程序的繁瑣性、注冊對(duì)象局限于個(gè)體形象本身等方面以及從反不正當(dāng)競爭法是一種調(diào)整規(guī)范帶有著濃厚的公法色彩、范圍無法覆蓋到全部該制度保護(hù)的對(duì)象的后置保護(hù)模式等方面查找當(dāng)前立法的不足，加以完善。 第四部分，我國人格權(quán)商品化的制度設(shè)計(jì)。本部分在上一部分的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合中國的具體國情，根據(jù)立法原理與司法實(shí)踐，借鑒德國的統(tǒng)一權(quán)利模式，對(duì)人格標(biāo)識(shí)商業(yè)利用的權(quán)利保護(hù)范圍更廣，效果也更顯著。最后，從以“損害填補(bǔ)”為主的侵權(quán)責(zé)任法、以“返還無法律依據(jù)之得利”為主的不當(dāng)?shù)美贫群鸵浴盎謴?fù)權(quán)利原有狀態(tài)”為主的人格請求權(quán)等三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行制度的構(gòu)建。
[Abstract]:With the development of commodity economy, the change of consumption economy affects people's production and life. Under the market economy, the public personage names, portraits and other personality signs contain enormous influence, which has been given new commercial value by consumers. With the appearance and continuous development of the commercialization of personality logo, the relevant system has not been established in time. At present, disputes arising from the infringement of the right person's personality right emerge one after another. This paper discusses the rational basis of the commercialization of personality right and draws lessons from the corresponding systems in foreign countries. Combining with the current situation of China's legislation, this paper constructs and perfects the specific system of China, mainly from the following four aspects: the first part, Summary of commercialization of personality right. First of all, it explains in detail the concept of the commercialization system of personality right and clarifies that the so-called commercialization of personality right mainly refers to the system in which the subject of the right obtains a certain profit as a return by putting its personality elements into the market for commercial use. Secondly, from the development of the market economy, the actual needs of life, the realistic basis for the prosperity of the public media, and the fact that a small number of personality rights themselves have actually possessed the nature of property rights, they have derived the theoretical basis of enormous economic benefits. The system of commoditization of personality right is reasonable from three aspects: constitution setting up and guaranteeing citizen's basic rights and the legal basis of setting up independent chapter of personal right in civil law. The second part, the commercialization system of personality right abroad and its enlightenment. With regard to the dual right model of the coexistence of the right to privacy and the right to publicity in the United States, Germany has a unified right system in which the moral and property rights and interests of personality rights can be centrally protected. This paper analyzes the action system of impersonation in the United Kingdom and the system of creating a new right of commercial image in Japan, and studies the development and operation mechanism of each system, which can provide beneficial reference for our country. In the third part, the author analyzes the current situation and deficiency of the commercialization of personality right system in China. The law of personality right, copyright law, trademark law and anti-unfair competition law already have some relevant legal provisions to protect the commercialization of personality right. However, the current legislative situation is still inadequate. From the aspects of the limitation of the object protected by the personality right law, the right of the subject can not be transferred and inherited, the equality of the subject of the right, the limitation of the way of liability for damages, and so on, the scope and means of the protection of the copyright law are discussed. There are defects in time, such as the complexity of the registration procedure of trademark law, the object of registration limited to the individual image itself, and the fact that the anti-unfair competition law is a kind of adjustment norm with strong public law color. The scope cannot cover the post-protection mode of all the objects protected by the system. The fourth part, the system design of the commercialization of personality right in our country. This part is based on the previous part, combined with the specific conditions of China, according to the principle of legislation and judicial practice, drawing on the unified right model of Germany, the protection of the right to the commercial use of personality logo is wider, and the effect is more remarkable. Finally, the system is constructed from three aspects: tort liability law based on "compensation for damage", improper enrichment system based on "return of gains without legal basis" and personality claim mainly "restoring the original state of rights".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D923

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條

1 王利明;;再論人格權(quán)的獨(dú)立成編[J];法商研究;2012年01期

2 李新天;;對(duì)人格權(quán)幾個(gè)基本理論問題的認(rèn)識(shí)[J];法學(xué)評(píng)論;2009年01期

3 鄭成思;私權(quán)、知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)與物權(quán)的權(quán)利限制[J];法學(xué);2004年09期

4 王利明;;論人格權(quán)商品化[J];法律科學(xué)(西北政法大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào));2013年04期

本文編號(hào)：2101129