本文選題：不可量物侵害 + 違反國家規(guī)定　； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：不可量物侵害指行為人通過光、噪音、氣味等無形介質(zhì)為媒介對相鄰不動產(chǎn)權(quán)利人的財產(chǎn)或人身造成的侵害。隨著科技的發(fā)展和社會生活的現(xiàn)代化步伐的加快,因日常生活和工業(yè)生產(chǎn)而產(chǎn)生的各種臭氣、噪音、大氣污染物和水污染物以及其他各種新類型的不可量物侵害的案件不斷增多。但是,現(xiàn)在我國對不可量物侵害的立法以及學術(shù)研究存在以下幾方面的不足：首先,我國《物權(quán)法》第九十條雖然把不可量物侵害規(guī)定在相鄰妨害一章,但是,并沒有對不可量物侵害的概念本身進行具體的說明,以至于人們一直把不可量物侵害與環(huán)境污染損害相混淆。事實上,不可量物侵害與環(huán)境污染損害有著本質(zhì)的區(qū)別。其次,我國《物權(quán)法》對不可量物侵害的核心問題——容忍義務規(guī)定的并不詳細,這樣使得法院在司法實踐中不得不借鑒外國的法律及學說進行自由裁量。再次,在不可量物侵害救濟方面,由于法律適用不明確,導致司法實踐中法律適用的穩(wěn)定性、可操作性不強。本文從不可量物侵害的界定入手,著重分析不可量物侵害的構(gòu)成與救濟問題。論文分為四個部分：第一部分主要介紹不可量物侵害的概念,并通過對不可量物侵害不同的角度進行分析,最后得出不可量物侵害之相鄰妨害屬性。另外,通過對相鄰不可量物侵害與侵權(quán)損害,相鄰不可量物侵害與環(huán)境污染損害的概念辨析,進一步深層次挖掘了相鄰不可量物侵害的內(nèi)涵。第二部分重點分析不可量物侵害中的違法性判斷,說明了只要不可量物排放違反國家法律、部門規(guī)章、地方政府的規(guī)范性文件的相關(guān)規(guī)定,就構(gòu)成不可量物侵害。第三部分重點闡述容忍義務。容忍義務是認定不可量物排放是否能受到法律救濟的核心問題。本文通過比較分析法對各國容忍義務作了相應分析,并通過對各國相關(guān)規(guī)定的借鑒,指出在我國司法實務中界定當事人是否具有容忍義務應當考慮的相關(guān)因素。第四部分是關(guān)于不可量物侵害的私法救濟方面的內(nèi)容,主要分析不可量物侵害的請求權(quán)主體,兩種主要的責任承擔方式以及在何種情況下對致害人的不可量物排放行為具有可救濟性。
[Abstract]:Immeasurable damage refers to the violation of property or person of adjacent immovable property by means of invisible medium such as light, noise, smell and so on. With the development of science and technology and the acceleration of the pace of modernization of social life, all kinds of odors and noises arising from daily life and industrial production, Cases of air and water pollutants and other new types of incalculable substances are on the rise. However, there are some shortcomings in the legislation and academic research on immeasurable infringement in our country: first, although Article 90 of the Law of Real Rights prescribes immeasurable infringement in the chapter of adjacent obstruction, however, There is no concrete explanation of the concept of immeasurable damage itself, so that people always confuse the incalculable material infringement with environmental pollution damage. In fact, there is an essential difference between immeasurable damage and environmental pollution damage. Secondly, the core problem of immeasurable infringement, the obligation of tolerance, is not specified in Chinese Real right Law, which makes the court have to use foreign laws and theories for discretion in judicial practice. Thirdly, in the aspect of immeasurable infringement remedy, because of the unclear application of the law, it leads to the stability of the legal application in judicial practice, and the operability is not strong. This paper begins with the definition of immeasurable material infringement, and analyzes the constitution and relief of immeasurable material infringement. The thesis is divided into four parts: the first part mainly introduces the concept of immeasurable material infringement, and through the analysis of the different angles of immeasurable material infringement, finally obtains the adjacent impairing attribute of immeasurable material infringement. In addition, through the analysis of the concepts of adjacent immeasurable material infringement and tort damage, adjacent immeasurable material infringement and environmental pollution damage, the connotation of adjacent immeasurable material infringement is further excavated. The second part mainly analyzes the illegal judgment in the immeasurable material infringement, and explains that as long as the non-quantifiable matter discharge violates the national law, the department regulation, the local government normative document related stipulation, constitutes the immeasurable material infringement. The third part focuses on the obligation of tolerance. The obligation of tolerance is the core problem of determining whether the discharge of incalculable substances can be remedied by law. This paper makes a corresponding analysis of the tolerance obligations of various countries by means of comparative analysis, and points out the relevant factors that should be considered in defining whether the parties have the obligation to tolerate in the judicial practice of our country. The fourth part is about the content of private law relief of immeasurable infringement, mainly analyzes the subject of claim of immeasurable infringement. The two main ways of taking responsibility and the circumstances under which the non-quantifiable discharge behavior of the injurious person can be remedied.
【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923.2

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本文編號：1949498