本文選題：農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn) + 政府角色�。� 參考：《河南師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展提高了人類的生活水平,更多的人開始追求生活品質(zhì)的提高,生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)、休閑農(nóng)業(yè)等新興的農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展方式逐漸興起,越來越多人的目光投到了農(nóng)村、農(nóng)地上來,擴大了對農(nóng)地的需求,影響著農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展方式;農(nóng)村勞動力大量向城鎮(zhèn)轉(zhuǎn)移,土地經(jīng)營權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)明顯加快,發(fā)展農(nóng)地規(guī)模經(jīng)營的勢頭已不可扭轉(zhuǎn),提高了農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)率、優(yōu)化了農(nóng)業(yè)資源配置,實現(xiàn)了農(nóng)業(yè)增收和農(nóng)民增收,推動了農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化、科技化進程。伴隨著城市化進程與新型農(nóng)村社區(qū)建設(shè)進程地不斷推進,農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)市場面臨的問題也日益凸顯。在現(xiàn)有的土地流轉(zhuǎn)實踐中政府越位缺位的現(xiàn)象仍舊存在,流轉(zhuǎn)機制不完善,針對農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)的立法缺失,農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)市場發(fā)育緩慢且發(fā)育程度低制約了流轉(zhuǎn)規(guī)模的擴大,農(nóng)村保障體系不健全間接制約著農(nóng)村土地的流轉(zhuǎn),而農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)又關(guān)乎農(nóng)民利益與農(nóng)村穩(wěn)定問題,故需要對政府在土地流轉(zhuǎn)市場中的角色全新定位,培育新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體,探索農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)主體制度創(chuàng)新研究,健全農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)所依據(jù)的法律法規(guī),建立持續(xù)可行的農(nóng)民保障權(quán)益機制,發(fā)揮典型示范的引導(dǎo)帶頭作用,以確保農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)的有效進行及農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟社會的快速發(fā)展。本文首先在第一章中梳理我國農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)法律制度的變遷及現(xiàn)狀,分析我國農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)制度發(fā)展的四個階段,即法律禁止階段、政策允許法律禁止的階段、政策規(guī)范法律開禁階段、法律規(guī)范農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)階段,并通過對現(xiàn)有制度的梳理,總結(jié)并分析現(xiàn)有農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)市場出現(xiàn)的問題。第二部分著重分析了農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)法律制度的理論基礎(chǔ),從地租理論與效率公平理論兩方面入手,以期為農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)法律制度的存在及進一步發(fā)展確立可靠的理論基礎(chǔ)。效率是評判一個法律制度是否精良的試金石,公平也是在制定法律制度與經(jīng)濟政策時同樣需要考慮的方面,人們既不能接受沒有效率的法律制度體系,也不能接受缺乏公平的經(jīng)濟制度體系。第三部分通過對和我國曾面臨同樣問題的美國、英國、法國、日本等國家及我國臺灣地區(qū)的先進農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)制度的梳理,探求我國在農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)市場中應(yīng)借鑒的制度及應(yīng)注意的問題。第四部分從三個角度對農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)法律制度進行創(chuàng)新研究。分別是:通過分析我國農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)制度中政府定位出現(xiàn)的問題,論述政府在農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)市場中應(yīng)有的角色地位,并提出加強農(nóng)村社保體系建設(shè)的意見;通過對農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)市場中主體的現(xiàn)存問題分析,尋找完善農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)市場中主體地位及主體法律制度的路徑;以臺灣地區(qū)的農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)行為法律制度為典范,提出構(gòu)建我國農(nóng)地市場流轉(zhuǎn)法律制度的展望。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the economic development has improved the human living standard, more people began to pursue the improvement of the quality of life, ecological agriculture, leisure agriculture and other emerging agricultural development methods are gradually rising, more and more people's attention to the rural areas. Agricultural land has expanded the demand for agricultural land and affected the mode of development of the rural economy. A large number of rural labor forces have been transferred to cities and towns, the circulation of land management rights has been obviously accelerated, and the momentum of developing large-scale management of agricultural land has become irrevocable. It improves the agricultural productivity, optimizes the allocation of agricultural resources, realizes the increase of agricultural income and farmers' income, and promotes the agricultural modernization and the process of science and technology. With the development of urbanization and the construction of new rural communities, the problems faced by the rural land circulation market are becoming increasingly prominent. In the current land transfer practice, the phenomenon of government offside absence still exists, the circulation mechanism is not perfect, the lack of legislation for the agricultural land transfer, the slow development of the agricultural land transfer market and the low level of development restrict the expansion of the circulation scale. The imperfect rural security system indirectly restricts the circulation of rural land, and the circulation of rural land is related to the interests of farmers and the stability of rural areas, so the role of the government in the land circulation market needs to be completely positioned to cultivate a new agricultural management body. To explore the innovation of rural land transfer subject system, improve the laws and regulations of rural land circulation, establish a sustainable and feasible mechanism for farmers to protect their rights and interests, and give play to the leading role of typical demonstration. In order to ensure the effective transfer of rural land and the rapid development of rural economy and society. In the first chapter, this paper combs the changes and the present situation of the legal system of agricultural land circulation in our country, and analyzes the four stages of the development of the agricultural land transfer system in China, namely, the phase of legal prohibition, the phase of policy allowing the legal prohibition, the stage of policy norm and the stage of law opening and banning. The stage of rural land circulation is regulated by law, and the problems in the current rural land circulation market are summarized and analyzed by combing the existing system. The second part focuses on the theoretical basis of the legal system of agricultural land transfer, starting with the theory of land rent and the theory of efficiency and fairness, in order to establish a reliable theoretical basis for the existence and further development of the legal system of agricultural land circulation. Efficiency is a litmus test of whether a legal system is good or not. Fairness is also an aspect that needs to be considered in the formulation of both legal and economic policies. People cannot accept an inefficient legal system. Nor can it accept a lack of a fair economic system. The third part combs the advanced farmland transfer systems of the United States, Britain, France, Japan and Taiwan, which have faced the same problems as China. This paper probes into the system and problems that should be used for reference in the agricultural land transfer market in our country. The fourth part carries on the innovation research to the farmland circulation legal system from three angles. They are as follows: through the analysis of the problems of government orientation in the agricultural land transfer system, this paper discusses the role of the government in the agricultural land transfer market, and puts forward some suggestions to strengthen the construction of rural social security system; Based on the analysis of the existing problems of the main body in the agricultural land transfer market, this paper tries to find the way to perfect the principal position and the subject legal system in the agricultural land transfer market, taking the behavior legal system of the agricultural land circulation in Taiwan as a model. The prospect of constructing the legal system of agricultural land market circulation in China is put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D922.3;D923.2

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