本文選題：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融 + 金融消費者　； 參考：《安徽大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融發(fā)展對降低中小企業(yè)融資成本、助力普惠金融發(fā)展、促進金融產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新、規(guī)范民間資本運行發(fā)揮了重要作用。《國務(wù)院政府工作報告》連續(xù)兩年提出“促進互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融健康發(fā)展”。一個健康的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融行業(yè)必然是消費者權(quán)益得到有效保護的行業(yè)。我國互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融“異軍突起”,取得的發(fā)展成績值得充分肯定,但消費者權(quán)益保護面臨的問題也需要高度重視。互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融消費者作為消費者的一個重要組成部分,理應(yīng)享有《中華人民共和國消費者權(quán)益保護法》賦予一般消費者的所有權(quán)利,但現(xiàn)實中其合法權(quán)益無法實現(xiàn)或得不到有效保護的現(xiàn)象還比較突出。例如,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融平臺未盡到充分、真實、全面披露所提供金融產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)相關(guān)信息的義務(wù),侵犯消費者知情權(quán)或誤導消費者金融消費(投資)決策；互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融企業(yè)非法采集、使用、對外提供個人信息,危害消費者個人隱私和金融信息安全；互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融平臺違背勤勉盡職原則,侵犯消費者財產(chǎn)安全權(quán)；非法互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融平臺惡意欺詐、P2P借貸平臺跑路、掠奪性金融交易等致使消費者損失慘重。上述問題主要源于兩方面因素。一是內(nèi)在成因,即與傳統(tǒng)“面對面”金融業(yè)務(wù)相比,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融固有特征所導致的內(nèi)生性缺陷,主要表現(xiàn)為四個失衡：便利性與安全性失衡,消費者安全保障水平低；效率性與規(guī)范性失衡,消費者適當性管理欠佳；開放性與保密性失衡,消費者隱私權(quán)保護難度大；電子化與書面化失衡,消費者求償權(quán)實現(xiàn)難。二是外在成因,即互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融消費者權(quán)益保護先天不足的條件下,制度建設(shè)和政府干預存在缺位,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融消費者權(quán)益保護工作面臨無法可依的尷尬局面�？傊�,在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融消費關(guān)系中,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融企業(yè)幾乎占據(jù)著資本優(yōu)勢、技術(shù)優(yōu)勢、信息優(yōu)勢、輿論優(yōu)勢等全面優(yōu)勢,理論上他們不會主動產(chǎn)生保護交易對手的動機,現(xiàn)實中也普遍存在未充分尊重消費者權(quán)利的情形,而金融消費者在短期高收益的刺激下忽略甚至放棄了自我保護的權(quán)利訴求,雙方短視行為導致的權(quán)利不對等現(xiàn)象進一步加劇,消費者承受的實際風險水平大幅度上升且超過了其理應(yīng)承受的范圍,需要政府從制度安排上予以糾正。為解決互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融領(lǐng)域的金融消費者權(quán)益保護問題,中國人民銀行、銀監(jiān)會、證監(jiān)會、保監(jiān)會等部門開展了大量富有成效的工作。例如,中國人民銀行出臺了一系列互聯(lián)網(wǎng)支付服務(wù)相關(guān)的規(guī)定,保護消費者的備付金不被挪用和侵占；制定了個人金融信息保護相關(guān)規(guī)范性文件,把互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融領(lǐng)域的個人信息保護作為重點,并于2013年開展了個人金融信息保護專項檢查。2013年,銀監(jiān)會、證監(jiān)會分別出臺了《銀行業(yè)消費者權(quán)益保護工作指引》、《證券投資基金銷售機構(gòu)通過第三方電子商務(wù)平臺開展業(yè)務(wù)管理暫行規(guī)定》。保監(jiān)會2014年就《互聯(lián)網(wǎng)保險業(yè)務(wù)監(jiān)管暫行辦法》公開征求意見。上述工作使制度缺失的狀況逐步得到改善,但與金融消費者權(quán)益保護的迫切需求之間還存在較大差距。針對這一現(xiàn)實,本文建議政府部門采取五方面措施加強互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融消費者權(quán)益保護。一是加強互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融監(jiān)管力度,完善監(jiān)管措施,豐富監(jiān)管手段和技術(shù)；二是加快互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融消費者權(quán)益保護立法,完善基本制度建設(shè)；三是加強互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融消費者權(quán)益保護的合力,強調(diào)社會共治；四是完善互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融消費者維權(quán)救濟機制,暢通投訴處理渠道；五是加強互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融消費者的教育力度,提升其自我保護意識和能力。
[Abstract]:The development of Internet finance has played an important role in reducing the cost of financing for small and medium-sized enterprises, promoting financial development, promoting financial product innovation and regulating the operation of private capital. The State Council report on government work has put forward "promote the healthy development of Internet finance" for two years. A healthy Internet financial industry is bound to be the consumer's rights and interests. The development achievements of Internet Finance in China should be fully affirmed, but the problems facing the protection of consumers' rights and interests should be highly valued. As an important part of the consumer, Internet financial consumers should enjoy the "People's Republic of China consumer protection law". All rights to the general consumer are given, but in reality their legitimate rights and interests can not be realized or not effectively protected. For example, the Internet financial platform is not full, true and full disclosure of the obligation to provide financial products or services related information, infringe consumers' right to know or mislead consumers' financial consumption (investment). Decision making; Internet financial enterprises illegally collect, use, and provide personal information, endangering consumer privacy and financial information security; the Internet financial platform violates diligence principle, infringement of consumer property security, malicious fraud on the illegal Internet financial platform, P2P lending platform running road, predatory financial transactions and so on The above problems are mainly due to two factors. First, the internal causes are inherent. In other words, compared with the traditional "face-to-face" financial business, the inherent defects caused by the inherent characteristics of the Internet finance are mainly four imbalances: the imbalance of convenience and security, the low security level of the consumer, and the loss of efficiency and standardization. Balance, poor management of consumer appropriateness, unbalance of openness and secrecy, difficult to protect consumer privacy, unbalance of electronic and writing, and difficult to realize the right of consumer claim. Two is the external cause, that is, under the condition that the protection of the rights and interests of the Internet financial consumers is deficient, the system construction and government intervention are out of position, and the Internet finance is eliminated. In summary, in the Internet financial consumption relationship, the Internet financial enterprises almost occupy the advantages of capital, technology, information, public opinion and so on. In theory, they will not actively produce the motivation to protect the trading rivals. In reality, they are not fully respected in reality. In the case of the rights of consumers, the financial consumers neglect or even give up the claim of the right to protect themselves under the stimulus of short term high income. The people's Bank of China, the CBRC, the SFC and the CIRC have carried out a great deal of fruitful work to solve the problem of the protection of the rights and interests of financial consumers in the field of Internet finance. For example, the people's Bank of China has issued a series of regulations related to the Internet payment service to protect the payment of the consumer's payment. Using and encroachment; formulating the relevant normative documents of personal financial information protection, focusing on the protection of personal information in the Internet financial field, and carrying out a special inspection of personal financial information protection in 2013 for.2013. The CBRC issued the guidelines for the protection of the rights and interests of the consumer in the banking sector, < securities investment fund sales. The Provisional Regulations on the management of the business through the third party electronic commerce platform are more than. The CIRC on the Interim Measures for the supervision of the Internet insurance business in 2014 has been publicly consulted. The above work has improved the situation of the absence of the system gradually, but there is still a big gap between the urgent needs of the protection of the rights and interests of the financial consumers. This paper suggests that government departments should take five measures to strengthen the protection of the rights and interests of Internet financial consumers. One is to strengthen Internet financial supervision, improve supervision measures, enrich supervision means and technology; two, accelerate the protection of Internet financial consumer rights and interests, improve the construction of basic system; and three to strengthen the Internet financial consumer rights. The joint force of the benefit protection emphasizes the social co governance; four is to improve the Internet financial consumers' rights relief mechanism, the smooth channel of complaint handling, and the five is to strengthen the education of the Internet financial consumers and enhance their self-protection consciousness and ability.

【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D922.28;D923.8

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