本文選題：不動產(chǎn)登記 + 審慎義務(wù)��； 參考：《中國社會科學(xué)院研究生院》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：不動產(chǎn)是每個人生活中不可缺少的一部分,是人們的重要財產(chǎn)之一。不動產(chǎn)登記作為不動產(chǎn)物權(quán)變動的公示方法,是不動產(chǎn)物權(quán)變動和權(quán)利正確性推定的依據(jù),具有善意保護(hù)與警示的效力。不動產(chǎn)登記對整個不動產(chǎn)物權(quán)制度起著非常重要的作用。但當(dāng)前理論界及實務(wù)界對不動產(chǎn)登記,尤其對登記錯誤賠償責(zé)任的性質(zhì)、賠償責(zé)任構(gòu)成要件及歸責(zé)原則等問題認(rèn)識不深入,觀點不統(tǒng)一。雖然當(dāng)前的法律法規(guī)規(guī)定了不動產(chǎn)登記機構(gòu)登記錯誤應(yīng)承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任,但內(nèi)容抽象,操作性不強。本人認(rèn)為有進(jìn)一步探討的價值。本文涉及六個方面的內(nèi)容:第一部分提出問題明確本文探討的對象。第二部分探討了登記機構(gòu)賠償責(zé)任的理論基礎(chǔ)不動產(chǎn)登記的公信力使相對人產(chǎn)生了合理的信賴?yán)妗５舻怯洐C構(gòu)因故意或過失導(dǎo)致登記錯誤,從而使相對人的信賴?yán)鎲适?且造成損害的話,不動產(chǎn)登記機構(gòu)理應(yīng)承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任。第三部分探討了登記機構(gòu)賠償責(zé)任的性質(zhì)不動產(chǎn)登記機構(gòu)登記行為的性質(zhì)決定著賠償責(zé)任的性質(zhì)。基于對登記行為為民事法律行為的分析,不動產(chǎn)登記機構(gòu)的賠償責(zé)任便順理成章定性為民事范疇的侵權(quán)賠償責(zé)任。第四部分探討了登記機構(gòu)賠償責(zé)任的必要要件不動產(chǎn)登記機構(gòu)賠償責(zé)任的必要要件為權(quán)利侵犯行為、損害結(jié)果和權(quán)利侵犯行為與損害結(jié)果的直接關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系。權(quán)利侵犯行為賠償責(zé)任承擔(dān)的必備條件之一。損害結(jié)果是權(quán)利人利益未受到法律保護(hù)。而權(quán)利侵犯行為與損害結(jié)果之間存在直接關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系,即可認(rèn)為該行為構(gòu)成侵權(quán)。第五部分探討不動產(chǎn)登記機構(gòu)責(zé)任承擔(dān)歸屬原則與審慎義務(wù)分析了審查形式對承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任的影響。在分析無不同的責(zé)任承但歸屬原則的基礎(chǔ)上本人認(rèn)為登記機構(gòu)賠償責(zé)任應(yīng)看其主觀上是否存在故意或過失。并詳細(xì)分析了登記機構(gòu)主觀故意或過失的判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。第六部分簡述了不動產(chǎn)登記機構(gòu)賠償責(zé)任范圍和責(zé)任承擔(dān)簡述了責(zé)任范圍。對一些學(xué)者提出的強制責(zé)任保險制度、賠償基金制度以及公證人員職業(yè)保險制度給予了肯定。本文創(chuàng)新之處在于詳細(xì)探討了過錯的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。通過兩個案例,更準(zhǔn)確的分析了審慎的審查義務(wù)。登記機構(gòu)履行職責(zé)時是否謹(jǐn)慎的履行了注意義務(wù),登記機構(gòu)審慎的程度是否與其職責(zé)相匹配,將直接影響判定登記機構(gòu)是否主觀上有故意或過失并因此承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任。
[Abstract]:Real estate is an indispensable part of each person's life, is one of people's important property. As a public method of real property right change, real estate registration is the basis of real estate property right change and the presumption of right correctness, and has the effect of good faith protection and warning. Real estate registration plays a very important role in the real estate system. However, the current theoretical and practical circles do not have a deep understanding of the problems of real estate registration, especially the nature of the liability for registration errors, the constitutive elements of liability and the principle of liability imputation, and so on. Although the current laws and regulations stipulate that the registration office of real estate should bear the liability for compensation, the content is abstract and the operation is not strong. I think there is value for further exploration. This paper involves six aspects: the first part raises questions to clarify the object of this paper. The second part discusses the theoretical foundation of the liability of registration institutions. However, if the registration institution causes registration errors due to intent or negligence, and thus causes the loss of the relative party's trust interests, and causes damage, the real estate registration institution should bear the liability for compensation. The third part discusses the nature of liability of registration institution; the nature of registration of real estate determines the nature of liability. Based on the analysis that the registration act is a civil legal act, the liability of the real estate registration organization is naturally defined as the tort liability of the civil category. The fourth part discusses the necessary elements of the liability of the registration institution. The essential elements of the liability of the real estate registration institution are the infringement of rights, and the direct relationship between the result of the damage and the infringement of the right and the result of the damage. One of the necessary conditions for liability for infringement of rights. The result is that the interests of the obligee are not protected by law. If there is a direct relationship between the infringement of rights and the result of the damage, it can be considered that the act constitutes an infringement. The fifth part discusses the principle of attribution of the responsibility of real estate registration institution and the duty of care, analyzes the influence of the examination form on the liability of compensation. On the basis of analyzing the principle of no different liability but attribution, I believe that the liability of the registration institution should be considered whether there is intentional or negligent. And detailed analysis of the registration agency subjective intent or fault judgment criteria. The sixth part describes the scope of liability of real estate registration institution and the scope of liability. The compulsory liability insurance system, the compensation fund system and the notary occupational insurance system proposed by some scholars are affirmed. The innovation of this paper lies in discussing the judgment standard of fault in detail. Through two cases, a more accurate analysis of prudential review obligations. Whether the registration institution performs the duty of care prudently or not, and whether the degree of prudence of the registration institution matches its duty will directly affect whether the registration institution has subjective intent or negligence and therefore bears the liability for compensation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國社會科學(xué)院研究生院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923.2

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本文編號：1808624