本文選題：違約金 + 賠償性違約金��； 參考：《法學(xué)家》2015年03期

【摘要】：違約金酌減規(guī)則是應(yīng)對違約金數(shù)額過高而產(chǎn)生的特殊規(guī)則,其實質(zhì)是賦予法官對合同自由進行等價有償?shù)母深A(yù)。酌減規(guī)則是針對懲罰性違約金數(shù)額與其所擔(dān)保的利益不等價而設(shè)計的制度,只適用于懲罰性違約金,而不應(yīng)適用于賠償性違約金。違約金酌減以違約金約定有效成立、違約金請求權(quán)已經(jīng)發(fā)生效力并繼續(xù)保持效力為構(gòu)成前提。在債務(wù)人主張違約金過高的情況下,法院須根據(jù)債務(wù)人提供的事實予以判斷,而在判斷違約金數(shù)額是否過高時,應(yīng)拋棄以實際損失為基點的模式,而應(yīng)考慮債權(quán)人基于合同可以享有的所有利益,具體根據(jù)違約情況、違約結(jié)果、債務(wù)人利益以及合同損害繼續(xù)發(fā)展的狀況綜合衡量違約金數(shù)額是否過高。
[Abstract]:The rule of reduction of penalty for breach of contract is a special rule arising from the excessive amount of penalty for breach of contract, and its essence is to give the judge equal compensation to intervene in the freedom of contract.The rule of reduction is designed for the amount of punitive liquidated damages is not equal to the interests guaranteed by them. It is only applicable to punitive damages, not to compensatory damages.The liquidated damages are subject to the effective establishment of the liquidated damages, and the claim for liquidated damages has been effective and continues to be valid.In the case where the debtor claims that the liquidated damages are too high, the court must judge on the basis of the facts provided by the debtor, and when judging whether the amount of liquidated damages is too high, the model of taking the actual loss as the basis point should be abandoned.The creditor should consider all the benefits that the creditor can enjoy on the basis of the contract, specifically according to the breach of contract, the result of the breach of contract, the benefit of the debtor and the condition of the continued development of the contract damage, whether the amount of liquidated damages is too high or not.
【作者單位】： 清華大學(xué)法學(xué)院;
【基金】：清華大學(xué)人文社科振興基金《人格權(quán)體系及保護制度研究》(項目批準(zhǔn)號2010WKY001)的階段性研究成果
【分類號】：D923.6

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本文編號：1743010