本文選題：本約　切入點(diǎn)：預(yù)約　出處：《華中科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)、穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng),人民人均收入也有了一定提升,人民生活日益富裕,買房已經(jīng)成為千家萬(wàn)戶所要面對(duì)的首要問(wèn)題,因此,商品房交易市場(chǎng)也日趨火爆。然而,商品房市場(chǎng)行情瞬息萬(wàn)變,對(duì)于廣大房地產(chǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)商而言,商機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝;而對(duì)于廣大購(gòu)房人而言,也希望能夠及早締結(jié)購(gòu)房合約,固定房屋交易機(jī)會(huì),以避免日后因?yàn)檎�、房�(jī)r(jià)上漲等不利因素干擾,因此,商品房認(rèn)購(gòu)合同應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,并且大量應(yīng)用在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中。商品房認(rèn)購(gòu)合同是目前廣泛應(yīng)用于商品房預(yù)售交易中的一種特有的法律文書(shū)樣式,是買賣雙方簽訂正式房屋買賣合同之前所訂立的用來(lái)約束買賣雙方的文書(shū)�，F(xiàn)實(shí)生活里,因商品房認(rèn)購(gòu)也引發(fā)出了很多糾紛,目前在我國(guó)《合同法》、《商品房銷售管理辦法》等現(xiàn)行法律法規(guī)中皆無(wú)商品房認(rèn)購(gòu)合同的相關(guān)概念。2012年3月,最高人民法院出臺(tái)了《關(guān)于審理買賣合同糾紛案件適用法律問(wèn)題的解釋》(以下簡(jiǎn)稱買賣合同解釋),在此司法解釋中第二條明確了商品房認(rèn)購(gòu)合同屬于預(yù)約合同性質(zhì)。但是,我國(guó)現(xiàn)行法律涉及商品房認(rèn)購(gòu)合同的法律條款依舊很少,僅僅依靠幾條司法解釋并不能解決實(shí)踐中出現(xiàn)的很多問(wèn)題,直接導(dǎo)致實(shí)踐中解決商品房認(rèn)購(gòu)合同糾紛依舊很棘手。本文創(chuàng)新之處在于,首先是以我國(guó)現(xiàn)行法律為基礎(chǔ),在我國(guó)現(xiàn)有研究成果之上,運(yùn)用綜合分析方法,分析英美法系和大陸法系國(guó)家預(yù)約法律制度以及相關(guān)學(xué)者觀點(diǎn),將其中有利于我國(guó)預(yù)約理論構(gòu)建,適用于我國(guó)現(xiàn)實(shí)情況的相關(guān)立法和觀點(diǎn)加以加納。其次,在此基礎(chǔ)之上,運(yùn)用均衡利益分析方法,結(jié)合我國(guó)當(dāng)前實(shí)際生活中所發(fā)生的商品房認(rèn)購(gòu)合同糾紛案例,就商品房認(rèn)購(gòu)合同中的法律效力問(wèn)題、違反商品房認(rèn)購(gòu)合同的法律責(zé)任以及救濟(jì)方式進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步論述,更加透徹地分析這些問(wèn)題,并且針對(duì)交易過(guò)程中開(kāi)發(fā)商的強(qiáng)勢(shì)地位,購(gòu)房人弱勢(shì)地位的現(xiàn)狀,期望能夠使商品房預(yù)售過(guò)程中商品房認(rèn)購(gòu)雙方的地位更加平等;權(quán)利義務(wù)更加合理;利益分配更加公平;整個(gè)市場(chǎng)的交易行為更加合法。最后,期望能夠?qū)?shí)踐中解決我國(guó)的商品房認(rèn)購(gòu)合同糾紛提供些許幫助,同時(shí)也為我國(guó)將來(lái)的預(yù)約立法提供一點(diǎn)借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:With the sustained and steady growth of China's economy, the per capita income of the people has also been raised to a certain extent, and the people's daily life has become increasingly prosperous. Buying a house has become a primary problem facing thousands of families. Therefore, the commercial housing market is also becoming increasingly popular. However, The market for commercial housing is changing rapidly, and for the vast number of real estate developers, business opportunities are fleeting. For the vast number of property buyers, they also hope to conclude purchase contracts as soon as possible, so as to secure opportunities for housing transactions, so as to avoid future policies. Because of the interference of unfavorable factors such as rising house prices, commercial housing subscription contracts have emerged as the times require, and have been widely used in real life. At present, commercial housing subscription contracts are widely used in commercial housing pre-sale transactions in a unique legal document style. It is a document signed before the buyer and seller sign a formal housing sale contract to bind the buyer and seller. In real life, a lot of disputes have arisen because of the subscription of commercial housing. At present, there are no relevant concepts of the contract for the subscription of commercial housing in the current laws and regulations, such as the contract Law of our country, the measures for the Management of Commercial Housing sales, etc. In March 2012, The Supreme people's Court has issued the interpretation of the legal issues applicable to hearing cases of disputes relating to sale and purchase contracts (hereinafter referred to as the interpretation of the contract of sale and purchase. Article 2 of this judicial interpretation clearly states that the contract for the subscription of commercial housing is an appointment contract. However, The current law of our country concerning the contract of commercial housing subscription is still very few, only relying on a few judicial interpretations can not solve many problems that appear in practice. The innovation of this paper lies in that, first of all, it is based on the current law of our country, on the basis of the existing research results in our country, the comprehensive analysis method is used. This paper analyzes the reservation legal system of Anglo-American law system and civil law system as well as the views of relevant scholars, and puts the relevant legislation and views which are beneficial to the construction of reservation theory in our country and applicable to the reality of our country to Ghana. Secondly, on the basis of this, By using the method of equilibrium interest analysis, combining with the disputes of commercial house subscription contract that happened in our country's actual life, this paper discusses the legal effect of the commercial house subscription contract. The legal liability of violating the commercial housing subscription contract and the way of relief are further discussed, and these problems are analyzed more thoroughly, and in view of the strong position of the developer in the course of the transaction and the current situation of the weak position of the buyer, It is expected to make the status of both parties in the pre-sale process of commercial housing more equal; the rights and obligations are more reasonable; the distribution of benefits is fairer; and the transaction behavior of the whole market is more legal. Finally, It is expected to provide some help to solve the contract dispute of commercial housing subscription in our country in practice, and at the same time, it can also provide some reference significance for the future legislation of reservation in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D922.29;D923.6

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