本文關(guān)鍵詞： 姓名權(quán) 網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán) 立法建議　出處：《云南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的普及和傳播,網(wǎng)絡(luò)為人們生活提高便利的同時,滋生了很多新的侵權(quán)行為。姓名權(quán),是我國民法為保護(hù)姓名這一重要的人格標(biāo)識而設(shè)立的一項具體人格權(quán)。在網(wǎng)絡(luò)時代,姓名權(quán)侵權(quán)的問題呈現(xiàn)出新的特征：一方面,姓名權(quán)逐漸發(fā)展成為具有一定財產(chǎn)利益的人格權(quán),自然人姓名具有越來越高的經(jīng)濟(jì)價值,姓名不斷商業(yè)化,特別是公眾人物的姓名,被他人非法收集或者利用其姓名在網(wǎng)上推廣商品、提高影響力的侵權(quán)行為變得更加頻繁,姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)問題頻發(fā)。另一方面,姓名不斷的去正式化,很多網(wǎng)絡(luò)用戶可以自行決定和使用自己的名字,既可是真名也可是網(wǎng)名。而cookies等新型網(wǎng)絡(luò)跟蹤軟件能夠確定具體的民事主體,具有辨別性,再加上網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境高度開放自由的特點,使得姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)問題更加的復(fù)雜。我國對于網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)方面的相關(guān)規(guī)范雖然看起來很多,但還存在立法層次較低、可操作性不強等諸多問題,且相當(dāng)一部分是空白的,這一切都對我國立法提出了更高的要求。因此,完善我國的姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)方面的立法具有深遠(yuǎn)的現(xiàn)實意義。 本文采用的研究方法有概念分析法、歷史考察法、文義分析法與比較研究法,通過概念分析法,明確姓名權(quán)及其姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)的概念及其特征,隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)時代的發(fā)展,明確姓名權(quán)的客體具有精神利益和財產(chǎn)利益的雙重屬性,故不斷遭受侵害；通過歷史考察法,筆者指出了姓名權(quán)的歷史沿革,保護(hù)姓名權(quán)的制度由來已久,順應(yīng)時代的要求,不斷完善我國的姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)的立法；通過文義分析的方法,筆者理清了姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)與名譽權(quán)、著作權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)的聯(lián)系和區(qū)別；通過比較法研究,本文探索了美國、歐盟和日本對姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)問題的立法規(guī)定,對完善我國姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)的立法有借鑒意義。 筆者圍繞姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)這一主題,從姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)相關(guān)的基本理論探討出發(fā),分五個部分對該問題進(jìn)行全面系統(tǒng)的論述。第一部分,姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)相關(guān)基本理論的探討。該部分主要針對姓名權(quán)的歷史沿革、概念和性質(zhì),姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)的概念和基本特征、姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)的主要表現(xiàn)形式、姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)與相關(guān)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)行為的聯(lián)系與區(qū)別進(jìn)行了論述。第二部分是姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)的責(zé)任認(rèn)定。主要介紹了姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)的責(zé)任主體、構(gòu)成要件和歸責(zé)原則,與傳統(tǒng)的姓名權(quán)侵權(quán)認(rèn)定相區(qū)別。第三部分,姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)的比較法研究。該部分主要從比較法的角度,分析了美國、歐盟和日本對于姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)問題方面的做法,對這些國家的立法進(jìn)行比較分析,為完善我國的網(wǎng)絡(luò)立法提供依據(jù)。第四部分,我國姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)的立法現(xiàn)狀及其存在的問題。通過對于我國姓名權(quán)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境下侵權(quán)行為的相關(guān)立法進(jìn)行論述,分析出我國現(xiàn)有網(wǎng)絡(luò)立法中存在的問題。第五部分,完善我國姓名權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)立法規(guī)制的建議。根據(jù)我國現(xiàn)有的立法和司法實踐,結(jié)合國外立法的相關(guān)規(guī)定,明確立法的原則,完善立法的具體內(nèi)容。首先,制定一部專門的網(wǎng)絡(luò)立法�？偨Y(jié)現(xiàn)有立法中成熟的概念和方法、司法實踐中積累的判決內(nèi)容,結(jié)合學(xué)者的整理和評論,形成體系完整、可操作性強的網(wǎng)絡(luò)專門立法；其次,明確實體立法的具體內(nèi)容。包括統(tǒng)一網(wǎng)絡(luò)活動主體的概念,根據(jù)不同的主體區(qū)分責(zé)任和免責(zé)條件,確定主觀故意的認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；再次,完善網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)的程序立法。制定電子證據(jù)相配套的制度,合理分配舉證責(zé)任,明確網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)地域管轄的順位規(guī)則；最后,加強網(wǎng)絡(luò)行業(yè)自律的法律規(guī)范,將網(wǎng)絡(luò)自律和法律結(jié)合起來,通過法律的權(quán)威性和強制性保證網(wǎng)絡(luò)行業(yè)發(fā)揮更好的自律效果。
[Abstract]:With the popularization and spread of the Internet, the network for people to improve the convenience, breeding a lot of new infringement. The right of name, is one of the specific personality right in our civil law for the protection of the name of this important personality set up. In the Internet era, the name right infringement issues showing the new features: on the one hand, the right of name gradually developed into a certain property interests of right of personality, the name of a natural person has a higher economic value, the name of continuous commercialization, especially the names of public figures, illegally collecting or using its name in the promotion of goods online, improve the influence of tort is becoming more and more frequent and frequent problems the right of name of Internet infringement. On the other hand, the name of the constant to formal, many network users can decide and use their own name, but also both real name and cookies name. But new Network tracking software can determine the specific civil subject, can identify, coupled with the network environment highly open and free features, makes the problem more complicated network name right infringement in our country. Relevant norms of network infringement although it looks like a lot, but still in the low level of legislation, operability is not strong. A lot of problems, and some are blank, all this to our legislation put forward higher requirements. So it has far-reaching practical significance to improve China's right to name network infringement legislation.
The research methods used in this paper are concept analysis, historical analysis, and comparative research method to analyze the meaning, through concept analysis, a clear right of name and the right of name of network infringement concept and its characteristics, with the development of the Internet age, the dual attributes of object clear right of name has spiritual interests and property interests, so continue to suffer abuse; through historical investigation method, the author points out the historical evolution of the right to name, the right to name the long-standing protection system, conform to the requirements of the times, and constantly improve our country's name right of network infringement legislation; through the method of textual analysis, the author clarifies the right of name and the right of reputation infringement in the network, network copyright infringement the relation and difference; through the study of comparative law, this paper explores the problem of the United States, the right of name of network infringement of the EU and Japan legislation, to perfect the legislation of infringement of right of name network in China The law has reference significance.
I focus on the right to name the theme of Internet infringement, starting from the basic theory of Internet infringement related to the right of name, is divided into five parts systematically discussed the issue. The first part discusses the right to name the network infringement related basic theory. This part of history for the right of name, concept and nature, the concept of name the right of network tort and the basic characteristics of the right of name network infringement is the main form of expression, the relation and difference between the right of name network infringement and related network infringement are discussed. The second part is the name right of network infringement responsibility cognizance. Mainly introduces the name of network infringement liability, constitutive requirements and the principle of imputation, phase different from the traditional name right infringement. The third part, the study of comparative law of name right infringement. The main part of the network from the perspective of comparative law analysis of the United States, the European Union and Japan For the problem of network name right infringement practices, carried on the comparative analysis of the national legislation, provide the basis for the improvement of our network legislation. The fourth part, and the existing legislation of our country the right to name network infringement problems. Through the discussion of relevant legislation for our country the right to name the Internet environment tort and analyzed the problems of China's current network problems in legislation. The fifth part, perfect the legislation of the right to name the network infringement suggestions. According to China's existing legislation and judicial practice, combined with the relevant provisions of foreign legislation, clear the principles of legislation, improve the specific content of the legislation. Firstly, establish a special network this paper summarizes the concept and methods of legislation. The existing legislation, the judgment of the content accumulation in the judicial practice, combined with the scholar's arrangement and comment, formed a complete system, strong operability of network professionals The door legislation; secondly, clear the specific content of legislation. The concept includes the unified network activity of the subject, according to the different subjects to distinguish between responsibility and exemption conditions, determine the subjective intent of the standards; thirdly, perfect the procedure of network infringement legislation. To develop the electronic evidence supporting system, a reasonable allocation of the burden of proof, clear regional network infringement under the jurisdiction of a rule; finally, the legal norms to strengthen network self-discipline, self-discipline and legal network will combine the legal authority and mandatory guarantee network industry self-discipline effect is better.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923

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本文編號：1513726