發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-10 02:48

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 可預(yù)見性規(guī)則 侵權(quán)法 過失侵權(quán) 因果關(guān)系　出處：《新疆大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：可預(yù)見性規(guī)則作為侵權(quán)法中判定因果關(guān)系所適用的一項(xiàng)重要規(guī)則,其在過失侵權(quán)領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮著重要作用。該規(guī)則以“理性人”為客觀標(biāo)準(zhǔn),判斷行為人是否承擔(dān)過失侵權(quán)責(zé)任,即侵權(quán)人只對其行為時(shí)作為一個(gè)“理性人”能夠合理預(yù)見的損害結(jié)果承擔(dān)責(zé)任�？深A(yù)見性規(guī)則將公序良俗、社會正義以及法律政策融為一體,以社會一般人所持經(jīng)驗(yàn)為出發(fā)點(diǎn),判定行為人其行為與損害后果是否存在法律上的因果關(guān)系,最終確定行為人責(zé)任及其范圍。該規(guī)則在實(shí)踐中能夠?qū)η謾?quán)人責(zé)任以及受害人損失予以很好平衡,這對于推進(jìn)社會公平、司法公正有著積極意義。本文采用比較法學(xué)的分析方法,首先對相關(guān)理論與現(xiàn)實(shí)案例予以全面分析,闡述了可預(yù)見性規(guī)則于大陸法系侵權(quán)因果關(guān)系理論中的間接適用,以及此項(xiàng)規(guī)則于英美侵權(quán)法立法與實(shí)踐中的具體適用,探討可預(yù)見性規(guī)則的適用范圍、適用限制及其于司法實(shí)踐中的利與弊。其次,以我國目前應(yīng)用之相當(dāng)因果關(guān)系說為出發(fā)點(diǎn),對比探討了其與可預(yù)見性規(guī)則在理論上存在共通點(diǎn),說明可預(yù)見性規(guī)則和我國侵權(quán)法相銜接實(shí)為可行。最后通過闡述可預(yù)見性規(guī)則在我國侵權(quán)法實(shí)務(wù)中相關(guān)間接體現(xiàn),提出我國侵權(quán)法對于可預(yù)見性規(guī)則相關(guān)理論的具體借鑒與完善。建議我國在審理過失侵權(quán)案件中,對可預(yù)見性規(guī)則有針對性的加以借鑒,必要時(shí)可以對相關(guān)理論予以發(fā)展延伸,為法官于具體司法實(shí)踐中提供相應(yīng)參考,從而豐富和完善我國侵權(quán)因果關(guān)系判定理論。
[Abstract]:The rule of predictability, as an important rule for determining causality in tort law, plays an important role in the field of negligent tort. The rule takes "rational person" as the objective criterion to judge whether the perpetrator is liable for negligent tort. That is, the infringer is only responsible for the damage that can be reasonably foreseen by a "rational person" when he acts. The rules of predictability integrate public order and good customs, social justice and legal policy, and take the experience of the general public as the starting point. In order to determine whether there is a legal causality between the behavior of the perpetrator and the consequences of the damage, and finally determine the liability of the perpetrator and its scope, this rule can balance the liability of the infringer and the loss of the victim in practice. This is of positive significance to the promotion of social justice and judicial justice. This paper uses the analytical method of comparative jurisprudence to analyze the relevant theories and practical cases comprehensively. This paper expounds the indirect application of the predictability rule in the theory of tort causality in the continental law system, and the concrete application of this rule in the legislation and practice of Anglo-American tort law, and probes into the scope of application of the predictability rule. The limitation of application and its advantages and disadvantages in judicial practice. Secondly, based on the theory of equivalent causality applied at present in China, this paper makes a comparative study on the common point between it and the rule of predictability in theory. It is feasible to link the rules of predictability with the tort law of our country. Finally, by expounding the rules of predictability in the practice of tort law of our country, This paper puts forward the concrete reference and perfection of the relevant theories of the rules of predictability in the tort law of our country. It is suggested that in the trial of negligent tort cases, the rules of predictability should be used for reference, and if necessary, the relevant theories can be developed and extended. In order to enrich and perfect the judgment theory of causality of tort in our country, it provides the corresponding reference for the judge in the concrete judicial practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923

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本文編號：1499478