【摘要】：農(nóng)民工是中國改革開放的見證者和實(shí)踐者，也是我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型中的特殊群體。由于中國現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程與其獨(dú)特的工業(yè)化路徑相聯(lián)系，中國城市化在長期滯后于工業(yè)化的態(tài)勢下發(fā)展，受其影響而產(chǎn)生的一個(gè)重要結(jié)果是農(nóng)民工群體的涌現(xiàn)及與其相關(guān)的種種社會(huì)問題的出現(xiàn)。農(nóng)民工未能獲得與城鎮(zhèn)職工同等的待遇，農(nóng)民工在就業(yè)、子女教育、工作環(huán)境、社會(huì)保障等方面與城市居民存在很大差異，作為社會(huì)成員沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)“體面勞動(dòng)”，，沒有享受到平等待遇，這是理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)不可回避的問題。農(nóng)民工群體背后隱含的社會(huì)公平問題關(guān)系到社會(huì)穩(wěn)定以及和諧社會(huì)的建設(shè)，關(guān)系到中國全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的進(jìn)程。社會(huì)各界必須關(guān)注農(nóng)民工權(quán)益的維護(hù)和社會(huì)保障的實(shí)現(xiàn)。從社會(huì)正義的角度來研究中國農(nóng)民工問題，我們應(yīng)該從制度建設(shè)著手，建立和完善相關(guān)政策制度和服務(wù)體系，確保制度正義，這是解決中國農(nóng)民工問題，實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)正義的基本思路。 本論文通過收集、分析、借鑒了有關(guān)學(xué)者的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)資料，以及國際國內(nèi)的《憲法》、《勞動(dòng)法》、《社會(huì)保障法》、《教育法》等相關(guān)法律知識，界定了論文中的相關(guān)概念，為論文的寫作奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的理論基礎(chǔ)。本論文寫作共分為三部分。第一部分，從社會(huì)發(fā)展與社會(huì)正義著手，界定了社會(huì)正義的概念，從三個(gè)方面分析了社會(huì)發(fā)展觀的演變歷程，以及社會(huì)發(fā)展與社會(huì)正義的關(guān)系，最終，引出了中國的社會(huì)發(fā)展與農(nóng)民工問題。第二部分，從中國的實(shí)際出發(fā)，詳細(xì)分析了農(nóng)民工的現(xiàn)實(shí)困境和權(quán)利問題，闡述了目前農(nóng)民工與城市市民相比，在就業(yè)權(quán)利、子女受教育權(quán)利、社會(huì)保障權(quán)利等方面存在“二元待遇”。經(jīng)過分析論證最終得出長期以來的體制性障礙是導(dǎo)致農(nóng)民工問題出現(xiàn)的根本原因。第三部分，通過黨的十八大報(bào)告中提出的“加緊建設(shè)對保障社會(huì)公平正義具有重大作用的制度，逐步建立以權(quán)利公平、機(jī)會(huì)公平、規(guī)則公平為主要內(nèi)容的社會(huì)公平保障體系�！闭f明正義要依靠制度來保障。分析了制度對權(quán)利公平、機(jī)會(huì)公平、規(guī)則的公平的保障作用，從加強(qiáng)制度建設(shè)和制度正義的角度提出了解決農(nóng)民工問題的根本途徑。
[Abstract]:Migrant workers are the witnesses and practitioners of China's reform and opening up, as well as a special group in China's economic and social transformation. Due to the connection between China's modernization process and its unique industrialization path, China's urbanization has lagged behind industrialization for a long time. An important result of its influence is the emergence of migrant workers and the emergence of various social problems related to them. Migrant workers do not get the same treatment as urban workers. Migrant workers have great differences from urban residents in employment, children's education, working environment, social security and so on. As members of the society, they have not realized "decent work". Do not enjoy equal treatment, this is the theory and reality can not avoid the problem. The problem of social equity behind the peasant workers group is related to the social stability and the construction of a harmonious society, and to the process of building a well-off society in an all-round way in China. All walks of life must pay attention to the protection of the rights and interests of migrant workers and the realization of social security. To study the problem of migrant workers in China from the perspective of social justice, we should start with the construction of institutions, establish and improve relevant policy systems and service systems, and ensure institutional justice. This is to solve the problem of migrant workers in China. The basic idea of realizing social justice. Through collecting and analyzing, this paper draws lessons from the relevant literature of scholars, as well as the relevant legal knowledge such as Constitution, Labor Law, Social Security Law, Education Law and so on, and defines the relevant concepts in the paper, such as the Constitution, the Labor Law, the Social Security Law, the Education Law, and so on. It lays a solid theoretical foundation for the writing of the thesis. This thesis is divided into three parts. The first part, starting with social development and social justice, defines the concept of social justice, analyzes the evolution of social development from three aspects, and the relationship between social development and social justice. Lead to China's social development and migrant workers. The second part, proceeding from the reality of China, analyzes in detail the realistic predicament and rights of migrant workers, and expounds the employment rights and children's right to education of migrant workers compared with urban citizens. There is dualistic treatment in social security right and so on. Through analysis and argumentation, it is concluded that the long-term institutional obstacle is the root cause of the problem of migrant workers. The third part, through the report of the 18th National Congress of the Party, "stepping up the construction of a system that plays an important role in safeguarding social fairness and justice, and gradually establishing a social equity security system with the main content of rights and equity, opportunity fairness, and rule fairness." It shows that justice depends on the system. This paper analyzes the guarantee function of institution to the fairness of rights, opportunities and rules, and puts forward the basic way to solve the problem of migrant workers from the angle of strengthening the system construction and system justice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D412.6

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