【摘要】：農(nóng)民工是中國改革開放的見證者和實踐者，也是我國經(jīng)濟社會轉型中的特殊群體。由于中國現(xiàn)代化進程與其獨特的工業(yè)化路徑相聯(lián)系，中國城市化在長期滯后于工業(yè)化的態(tài)勢下發(fā)展，受其影響而產(chǎn)生的一個重要結果是農(nóng)民工群體的涌現(xiàn)及與其相關的種種社會問題的出現(xiàn)。農(nóng)民工未能獲得與城鎮(zhèn)職工同等的待遇，農(nóng)民工在就業(yè)、子女教育、工作環(huán)境、社會保障等方面與城市居民存在很大差異，作為社會成員沒有實現(xiàn)“體面勞動”，，沒有享受到平等待遇，這是理論和現(xiàn)實不可回避的問題。農(nóng)民工群體背后隱含的社會公平問題關系到社會穩(wěn)定以及和諧社會的建設，關系到中國全面建設小康社會的進程。社會各界必須關注農(nóng)民工權益的維護和社會保障的實現(xiàn)。從社會正義的角度來研究中國農(nóng)民工問題，我們應該從制度建設著手，建立和完善相關政策制度和服務體系，確保制度正義，這是解決中國農(nóng)民工問題，實現(xiàn)社會正義的基本思路。 本論文通過收集、分析、借鑒了有關學者的相關文獻資料，以及國際國內(nèi)的《憲法》、《勞動法》、《社會保障法》、《教育法》等相關法律知識，界定了論文中的相關概念，為論文的寫作奠定了堅實的理論基礎。本論文寫作共分為三部分。第一部分，從社會發(fā)展與社會正義著手，界定了社會正義的概念，從三個方面分析了社會發(fā)展觀的演變歷程，以及社會發(fā)展與社會正義的關系，最終，引出了中國的社會發(fā)展與農(nóng)民工問題。第二部分，從中國的實際出發(fā)，詳細分析了農(nóng)民工的現(xiàn)實困境和權利問題，闡述了目前農(nóng)民工與城市市民相比，在就業(yè)權利、子女受教育權利、社會保障權利等方面存在“二元待遇”。經(jīng)過分析論證最終得出長期以來的體制性障礙是導致農(nóng)民工問題出現(xiàn)的根本原因。第三部分，通過黨的十八大報告中提出的“加緊建設對保障社會公平正義具有重大作用的制度，逐步建立以權利公平、機會公平、規(guī)則公平為主要內(nèi)容的社會公平保障體系。”說明正義要依靠制度來保障。分析了制度對權利公平、機會公平、規(guī)則的公平的保障作用，從加強制度建設和制度正義的角度提出了解決農(nóng)民工問題的根本途徑。
[Abstract]:Migrant workers are the witnesses and practitioners of China's reform and opening up, as well as a special group in China's economic and social transformation. Due to the connection between China's modernization process and its unique industrialization path, China's urbanization has lagged behind industrialization for a long time. An important result of its influence is the emergence of migrant workers and the emergence of various social problems related to them. Migrant workers do not get the same treatment as urban workers. Migrant workers have great differences from urban residents in employment, children's education, working environment, social security and so on. As members of the society, they have not realized "decent work". Do not enjoy equal treatment, this is the theory and reality can not avoid the problem. The problem of social equity behind the peasant workers group is related to the social stability and the construction of a harmonious society, and to the process of building a well-off society in an all-round way in China. All walks of life must pay attention to the protection of the rights and interests of migrant workers and the realization of social security. To study the problem of migrant workers in China from the perspective of social justice, we should start with the construction of institutions, establish and improve relevant policy systems and service systems, and ensure institutional justice. This is to solve the problem of migrant workers in China. The basic idea of realizing social justice. Through collecting and analyzing, this paper draws lessons from the relevant literature of scholars, as well as the relevant legal knowledge such as Constitution, Labor Law, Social Security Law, Education Law and so on, and defines the relevant concepts in the paper, such as the Constitution, the Labor Law, the Social Security Law, the Education Law, and so on. It lays a solid theoretical foundation for the writing of the thesis. This thesis is divided into three parts. The first part, starting with social development and social justice, defines the concept of social justice, analyzes the evolution of social development from three aspects, and the relationship between social development and social justice. Lead to China's social development and migrant workers. The second part, proceeding from the reality of China, analyzes in detail the realistic predicament and rights of migrant workers, and expounds the employment rights and children's right to education of migrant workers compared with urban citizens. There is dualistic treatment in social security right and so on. Through analysis and argumentation, it is concluded that the long-term institutional obstacle is the root cause of the problem of migrant workers. The third part, through the report of the 18th National Congress of the Party, "stepping up the construction of a system that plays an important role in safeguarding social fairness and justice, and gradually establishing a social equity security system with the main content of rights and equity, opportunity fairness, and rule fairness." It shows that justice depends on the system. This paper analyzes the guarantee function of institution to the fairness of rights, opportunities and rules, and puts forward the basic way to solve the problem of migrant workers from the angle of strengthening the system construction and system justice.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D412.6

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本文編號：2304723