發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-11 23:32

  本文選題：勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度 + 立法缺陷��； 參考：《西南政法大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：健康穩(wěn)定的勞動(dòng)關(guān)系是和諧社會(huì)的必然要求。在建立社會(huì)主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制過程中,經(jīng)過多年的經(jīng)濟(jì)改革,我國已由國企“一家獨(dú)大”逐漸發(fā)展到私有企業(yè)并存、外資企業(yè)涌入的局面,勞動(dòng)用工形式更加靈活。但由于我國在平衡、協(xié)調(diào)勞動(dòng)關(guān)系的機(jī)制方面存在很多缺陷,如工會(huì)力量單薄,簽訂集體勞動(dòng)合同的現(xiàn)象不普遍,以致單個(gè)的勞動(dòng)者利益難以通過團(tuán)體的意思去表達(dá),其后果就是勞動(dòng)者的個(gè)體權(quán)利很容易受到用人單位的侵害。因此,為促進(jìn)勞動(dòng)關(guān)系的平衡、協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,完善勞動(dòng)關(guān)系的調(diào)整機(jī)制成為我國勞動(dòng)立法的一個(gè)重要內(nèi)容。正是在這樣的背景下,本文的研究對(duì)象為用人單位內(nèi)部的勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度。我國的《勞動(dòng)法》、《勞動(dòng)合同法》都規(guī)定用人單位有權(quán)利也有義務(wù)制定勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度,并且可在不支付任何經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)償金的情形下,依據(jù)勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度解除勞動(dòng)合同,從這個(gè)意義上來說,勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度又有法的規(guī)范功能,勞動(dòng)者必須要遵守。實(shí)踐中由于用人單位在形態(tài)、經(jīng)營規(guī)模、行業(yè)性質(zhì)等方面存在千差萬別,法律不可能包羅萬象,不可能用統(tǒng)一的勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度去要求不同的用人單位統(tǒng)一執(zhí)行。況且我國目前勞動(dòng)立法分散,尚沒有形成完善的體系,勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度的立法設(shè)計(jì)存在很多缺陷,以致用人單位濫用單方解除權(quán)隨意解除與勞動(dòng)者的勞動(dòng)關(guān)系,而仲裁機(jī)構(gòu)和人民法院在裁判中很難形成統(tǒng)一的尺度,往往導(dǎo)致勞動(dòng)者的合法權(quán)益無法得到應(yīng)有的保護(hù)。論文圍繞我國現(xiàn)行勞動(dòng)立法在用人單位勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度方面存在的問題,有針對(duì)性地進(jìn)行具體分析,然后針對(duì)缺陷問題提出完善意見,目的是為了保證用人單位制定和適用勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度不偏離法制的軌道,使勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度既能規(guī)范用工秩序,又能促進(jìn)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營,還能保護(hù)勞動(dòng)者的合法權(quán)益。文章總共分五個(gè)部分:第一部分是引言。第二部分論述用人單位勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度的概念,參考有代表性的定義加以分析,旨在明確勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度的內(nèi)涵和外延。然后分析用人單位制定勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度應(yīng)該遵守的原則,在該章節(jié)中,重點(diǎn)介紹有關(guān)勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度法律性質(zhì)的學(xué)說,并對(duì)這些學(xué)說逐一評(píng)價(jià),通過對(duì)比分析,筆者比較贊同“折衷說”。第三部分對(duì)我國用人單位勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度的立法現(xiàn)狀和缺陷作具體分析。筆者首先對(duì)當(dāng)前關(guān)于勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度的立法進(jìn)行梳理,列舉《勞動(dòng)法》、《勞動(dòng)合同法》以及一些地方性法規(guī)的規(guī)定,為下文分析立法缺陷作好鋪墊。用人單位的勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度如果要合法有效,則必須要遵循制定主體合法、內(nèi)容合法、程序合法的原則。通過列舉我國法律規(guī)定,發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)行立法缺陷主要有以下幾點(diǎn):一是立法分散,條款過于原則;二是制定程序存在缺陷,表現(xiàn)在沒有規(guī)定勞動(dòng)者應(yīng)當(dāng)如何參與勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度的制定,以及參與協(xié)商時(shí)意見不統(tǒng)一該如何處理,還有勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度制定后該如何公示,如何讓勞動(dòng)者知悉等等;三是制定內(nèi)容的缺失;四是違反用人單位勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度的嚴(yán)重程度實(shí)踐中難以把握;五是實(shí)踐中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)用人單位依據(jù)勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度對(duì)員工作出處罰,對(duì)于用人單位的處罰權(quán)問題,法律沒有明確規(guī)定。第四部分論述如何完善用人單位勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度的立法。在對(duì)勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度立法完善的模式選擇上,筆者的觀點(diǎn)是可以首先制定關(guān)于勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度的司法解釋,并從以下方面完善:一是明確用人單位制定勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度的合法性與合理性原則;二是明確勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度的制定程序,規(guī)范職工民主參與程序和公示程序,將公示程序修改為告知?jiǎng)趧?dòng)者,讓勞動(dòng)者得以明白勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度的內(nèi)容從而自覺遵守;三是明晰違反勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度“嚴(yán)重程度”的認(rèn)定,統(tǒng)一仲裁和司法中的裁判標(biāo)準(zhǔn);四是限制用人單位的單方處罰權(quán),最后是完善勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度的備案制度,加強(qiáng)行政監(jiān)督。第五部分是結(jié)束語。
[Abstract]:Healthy and stable labor relations is the inevitable requirement of the harmonious society. In the process of establishing a socialist market economy, after years of economic reform, China has made the "one" has gradually developed into private enterprises coexist, the influx of foreign-funded enterprises situation, employment forms more flexible. But because our country is in balance there are many defects of labor relations coordination mechanism, such as trade unions weak, sign collective labor contract is not universal, so that the individual interests of workers through the group to express the meaning of it, the result is that the individual rights of workers are vulnerable to employer infringement. Therefore, in order to promote the harmonious development of labor relations balance. Perfect, adjust the mechanism of labor relations has become an important content of labor legislation in our country. It is in this context, the research object of this paper is the employer inside The rules and regulations of labor. The labor law of our country < >, < > all provisions of the labor contract law the employer has the right and obligation to develop the labor regulations, and can not pay any economic compensation case, according to the rules and regulations of labor to terminate the labor contract, in this sense, the function of labor rules and norms the system and method, the workers must abide by. The employer in the form, the scale of operation in practice because of the existence of different industries, properties, the law can not be impossible with a uniform cover and contain everything, the rules and regulations of labor to different employers. Moreover, the uniform implementation of China's current labor legislation is still not dispersed, a perfect system, there are many defects in the legislation design of the labor regulations, so that the employer abuse of the right of rescission of labor relations and arbitrarily removed, and arbitration institutions and the people's courts It is difficult to form a unified standard in judgment, often leads to the legitimate rights and interests of workers can not get proper protection. The existing in the employing unit labor rules and regulations on China's current labor legislation, targeted for specific analysis, and then according to the problems put forward suggestions, the purpose is to guarantee the employer the formulation and application of the labor regulations do not deviate from the orbit of the legal system, the labor regulations can not only standardize the employment order, and can promote the production and operation, but also to protect the legitimate rights and interests of workers. This article is divided into five parts: the first part is introduction. The second part discusses the concept of the rules and regulations of labor units, refer to the representative definition to analyze the connotation and extension to clear the labor regulations. Then analyze the labor regulations should comply with the principle of the employer, in the chapter In the section, focuses on the legal character of the rules and regulations of labor theory, and the theory of each evaluation, through comparative analysis, the author agrees with the "compromise". The third part of the detailed analysis for the legislative status and defects of the rules and regulations of labor units in our country. The author of the current legislation on labor regulations combing the Labor Law lists < >, < > and the provisions of the labor contract law in some local regulations, pave the way for the following analysis of the legislative defects. The employing unit labor rules and regulations if valid, must follow the development of the main legal, legitimate content, principle of legal procedure. Through the list of China's law, found the shortcomings of legislation mainly has the following several points: one is the scattered legislation, provisions are too principle; two is to develop program defects in no provisions where the employee shall participate in labor. Chapter setting system, and participate in the negotiation is not a unified opinion on how to handle, and labor regulations how to let workers know how to publicity, and so on; the three is the lack of development of the content; four is difficult to grasp the extent of violation of the rules and regulations of labor practice units; the five is the practice often appear in a punishment the staff of the employer according to the labor regulations, the penalty power of the employer, there is no explicit legal provisions. The fourth part discusses how to improve the employing unit labor rules and regulations in the legislation of labor regulations. In choice of legislation mode, the author's point of view is first formulated on labor regulations in the judicial system explain and improve in the following aspects: one is the principle of legality and rationality of the employing units to make the rules and regulations of labor; the two is to make clear of the labor regulations Procedures, procedures and norms of employees' democratic participation publicity program, publicity program modified to inform the workers, so that workers can understand the contents of the labor regulations to abide by; three is a clear violation of the rules and regulations of labor finds "severity", unified arbitration and the division method of the referee standards; four is the limit for the right to unilaterally punished people the last is the filing system to improve labor rules and regulations, strengthen administrative supervision. The fifth part is the conclusion.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：D922.5

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