本文選題：勞動權(quán)　切入點(diǎn)：憲法保護(hù)　出處：《中國政法大學(xué)》2006年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 法治社會的推進(jìn)、公民權(quán)利意識的加強(qiáng)使得憲法規(guī)定的公民基本權(quán)利逐漸進(jìn)入人們的視野;就業(yè)形勢的嚴(yán)峻、就業(yè)中存在的種種問題使得憲法層面上公民勞動權(quán)的落實(shí)備受關(guān)注。憲法作為國家的根本法,勞動權(quán)作為公民得以生存的保障、作為公民其他一切權(quán)利賴以實(shí)現(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ),憲法意義上的勞動權(quán)或曰工作權(quán)不同于勞動法意義上勞動者的權(quán)利。憲法意義上的勞動權(quán)不能僅停留在文本層面。憲法文本中的公民勞動權(quán)在司法實(shí)踐中的審判適用不僅能真正體現(xiàn)憲法的最高效力,同時(shí)也是公民勞動權(quán)得以實(shí)現(xiàn)的最有力的途徑。本文從對公民勞動權(quán)保護(hù)的角度來分析中華人民共和國憲法對公民勞動權(quán)的保護(hù)模式,進(jìn)而通過司法實(shí)踐中適用憲法保護(hù)公民勞動權(quán)的實(shí)際案例論證建立憲法審判適用制度以切實(shí)保護(hù)公民勞動權(quán)的理論構(gòu)想。全文分為 四個(gè)部分。第一部分是對憲法意義上勞動權(quán)的界定。首先闡明了勞動權(quán)從根本上說是公民的一項(xiàng)基本人權(quán),而且是其中最基本的權(quán)利,它與公民的生存休戚相關(guān)。然后分析了公民勞動權(quán)的傳統(tǒng)立憲解釋及其在現(xiàn)行體制下的弊端,進(jìn)而提出憲法意義上公民勞動權(quán)的重新解讀,著重指出在社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下,憲法層面的勞動權(quán)如何界定。 第二部分介紹了中國憲法對公民勞動權(quán)的保護(hù)模式。通過比較建國以來我國四部憲法對公民勞動權(quán)的規(guī)定,筆者發(fā)現(xiàn),我國憲法對公民勞動權(quán)的保護(hù)呈現(xiàn)兩種模式:一種是權(quán)利模式,一種是權(quán)利——義務(wù)模式。前者以54年、75年、78年憲法為例,后者以82年憲法為例。對這兩種保護(hù)模式,筆者用了大量篇幅進(jìn)行分析,在此基礎(chǔ)上指出了后一種模式的不當(dāng)之處,指出憲法不應(yīng)規(guī)定公民的勞動義務(wù)。憲法規(guī)定公民的勞動義務(wù)卻又只能讓這種義務(wù)停留在道德層面,這不僅否定了憲法是“法”的屬性,而且與立憲的精神相違背。 第三部分通過列舉司法實(shí)踐中發(fā)生的適用憲法保護(hù)公民勞動權(quán)的案例來對中國憲法對公民勞動權(quán)的保護(hù)進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析。文中所舉案例大致分兩類,一類是已為最高人民法院所認(rèn)可的生效的案件,另一
[Abstract]:With the advancement of the society of rule of law and the strengthening of the consciousness of civil rights, the basic rights of citizens stipulated by the Constitution gradually enter the people's vision, and the employment situation is severe, The problems existing in employment make the realization of citizens' right to work in the constitutional level pay close attention. As the fundamental law of the country, the right to work is the guarantee for citizens to survive, and the basis for the realization of all other rights of citizens. The labor right in the sense of constitution or the right to work is different from that in the sense of labor law. The labor right in the sense of constitution can not only stay at the level of text. The trial of citizen's right to work in judicial practice in the text of constitution. Application not only truly reflects the supreme force of the Constitution, At the same time, it is also the most powerful way to realize the citizen's right to work. This paper analyzes the protection mode of the citizen's right to work in the Constitution of the people's Republic of China from the angle of protecting the citizen's right to work. Then through the judicial practice of the application of the Constitution to protect citizens' labor rights of the actual case demonstration to establish a constitutional trial applicable system to effectively protect citizens' labor rights. The full text is divided into. Four parts. The first part is the definition of the right to work in the sense of constitution. First of all, it clarifies that the right to work is fundamentally a basic human right of citizens, and is the most basic right among them. It is closely related to the survival of citizens. Then it analyzes the traditional constitutional interpretation of citizens' labor rights and its drawbacks under the current system, and then puts forward a new interpretation of citizens' labor rights in the sense of constitution. Under the condition of socialist market economy, how to define the labor right at the constitutional level is emphatically pointed out. The second part introduces the protection mode of Chinese constitution to the citizen's labor right. By comparing the four constitutions about the citizen's labor right since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the author finds that, There are two modes in the protection of citizen's right to work in our constitution: one is right mode, the other is rights-obligation mode, the former takes 54 years, 75 years and 78 years constitution as an example, the latter takes 82 years constitution as an example. On the basis of the analysis, the author points out the inappropriateness of the latter model, and points out that the Constitution should not stipulate the labor obligation of the citizen, but it can only allow this duty to stay at the moral level. This not only denies that constitution is the attribute of law, but also violates the spirit of constitution. The third part makes an empirical analysis on the protection of citizens' labor rights in China's Constitution by enumerating the cases of applying the Constitution to protect citizens' labor rights in judicial practice. The cases mentioned in this paper are roughly divided into two categories. One is a case that has been approved by the Supreme people's Court, and the other is a case that has been approved by the Supreme people's Court
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：D921

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