發(fā)布時間：2019-06-19 23:27

【摘要】：農(nóng)村金融領(lǐng)域的制度創(chuàng)新是“十三五”規(guī)劃中的重要安排,進一步完善和發(fā)揮各類新型農(nóng)村金融機構(gòu)的扶貧作用是一項重要的研究課題。我國農(nóng)村金融市場較其他發(fā)達國家起步較晚、各項規(guī)則制度不夠健全,存在一系列的隱患。村鎮(zhèn)銀行的創(chuàng)設(shè)為繁榮農(nóng)村金融市場提供強大續(xù)航能力,真正服務(wù)于廣大貧困的農(nóng)村地區(qū),一定程度上刺激疲軟的農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。若使村鎮(zhèn)銀行健康穩(wěn)定的運行,很大程度上受制于其制度的完善和配套設(shè)施的齊備,其中最重要的一個環(huán)節(jié)就是準(zhǔn)入制度的構(gòu)建。因此,本文首先深入淺出的分析村鎮(zhèn)銀行在我國農(nóng)村金融市場中所面臨的運行背景,通過運用經(jīng)濟學(xué)理論中的交易成本理論分析其“成本-效益”之間的關(guān)系。其次,橫向與國外相關(guān)銀行的制度進行對比發(fā)現(xiàn)自身的不足。最后,針對我國村鎮(zhèn)銀行試點運營的情況,提出對完善我國村鎮(zhèn)銀行市場準(zhǔn)入制度的構(gòu)想。從而進一步響應(yīng)國家的宏觀政策,使村鎮(zhèn)銀行成為“扶貧致富”、繁榮新農(nóng)村建設(shè)的標(biāo)兵。文章主體分為五個部分對上述問題進行闡述:第一部分對村鎮(zhèn)銀行的基本理論背景進行簡要介紹。通過其設(shè)立環(huán)境及農(nóng)村金融市場的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,進一步從側(cè)面烘托出村鎮(zhèn)銀行的重要意義,進而闡釋市場準(zhǔn)入制度是其最重要的環(huán)節(jié),并對其制度本身的意義和價值進行分析。第二部分是對村鎮(zhèn)銀行市場準(zhǔn)入制度法律制度的理論分析。一方面,從經(jīng)濟學(xué)的交易成本理論分析得出需求和供給是制約村鎮(zhèn)銀行在農(nóng)村金融市場發(fā)展的重要因素,科學(xué)、合理的處理二者的關(guān)系才能實現(xiàn)“成本--效益”的共贏。另一方面,從經(jīng)濟法學(xué)分析不完全競爭理論、政府失靈理論的重要性,從而站在經(jīng)濟法學(xué)的角度上分析其市場準(zhǔn)入制度在運行中所面臨的窘境。第三部分從實際運行的情況分析我國村鎮(zhèn)銀行市場準(zhǔn)入制度的現(xiàn)狀及存在的主要問題。分別從注冊資本金制度、主體資格制度、從業(yè)人員準(zhǔn)入制度、業(yè)務(wù)準(zhǔn)入制度四個方面深入探討其運行的現(xiàn)狀及存在的隱患。第四部分通過比較分析的方法對國外相關(guān)銀行的制度進行分析。通過查找相關(guān)資料和文獻,對村鎮(zhèn)銀行市場準(zhǔn)入制度在國外的相關(guān)制度進行分析和研究。主要分析美國社區(qū)銀行、日本農(nóng)村合作金融、孟加拉格萊珉銀行的經(jīng)驗。為我國村鎮(zhèn)銀行市場準(zhǔn)入制度的借鑒和移植提供強有力的依據(jù)。第五部分是提出完善我國村鎮(zhèn)銀行市場準(zhǔn)入制度的構(gòu)想。通過第三部分提出的主要問題,結(jié)合第四部分域外的前車之鑒�？偨Y(jié)出一套符合我國獨特國情的市場準(zhǔn)入制度,使其主體資格制度、注冊資本金制度、業(yè)務(wù)準(zhǔn)入制度、從業(yè)人員準(zhǔn)入制度等方面更加符合市場運行的規(guī)律。為村鎮(zhèn)銀行的高效、科學(xué)、穩(wěn)定發(fā)展提供制度保障。
[Abstract]:Institutional innovation in the field of rural finance is an important arrangement in the 13th five-year Plan. It is an important research topic to further improve and give full play to the poverty alleviation role of various new rural financial institutions. The rural financial market of our country starts later than other developed countries, and the rules and systems are not perfect enough, and there are a series of hidden dangers. The creation of village and town banks provides a strong ability to continue to prosper the rural financial market, truly serves the vast number of poor rural areas, and stimulates the development of the weak rural economy to a certain extent. If the healthy and stable operation of village and town banks is restricted to a large extent by the improvement of their system and the availability of supporting facilities, one of the most important links is the construction of access system. Therefore, this paper first analyzes the operating background of village banks in China's rural financial market, and analyzes the relationship between "cost-benefit" by using the transaction cost theory in economic theory. Secondly, horizontal and foreign banks related to the system of comparison found their own shortcomings. Finally, in view of the pilot operation of village banks in China, this paper puts forward the idea of perfecting the market access system of village banks in China. In order to further respond to the country's macro policy, so that the village and town banks become "poverty alleviation and wealth", prosperity of the new rural construction standard. The main body of the article is divided into five parts to explain the above problems: the first part briefly introduces the basic theoretical background of village and town banks. Through the establishment of the environment and the development of the rural financial market, this paper further sets off the important significance of the village and town banks from the side, and then explains that the market access system is the most important link, and analyzes the significance and value of the system itself. The second part is the theoretical analysis of the legal system of market access system of village and town banks. On the one hand, from the analysis of transaction cost theory of economics, it is concluded that demand and supply are the important factors restricting the development of village and town banks in the rural financial market. Only by dealing with the relationship between them scientifically and reasonably can the "cost-benefit" win-win situation be realized. On the other hand, the importance of incomplete competition theory and government failure theory is analyzed from the perspective of economic law, and the dilemma faced by its market access system in operation is analyzed from the point of view of economic law. The third part analyzes the present situation and main problems of the market access system of village and town banks in China from the actual operation situation. The present situation and hidden dangers of the operation of the registered capital system, the subject qualification system, the employee access system and the business access system are discussed in depth from four aspects: the registered capital system, the subject qualification system, the employee access system and the business access system. The fourth part analyzes the system of foreign banks through comparative analysis. By looking up the relevant data and literature, this paper analyzes and studies the relevant systems of the market access system of village and town banks in foreign countries. This paper mainly analyzes the experience of American Community Bank, Japanese Rural Cooperative Finance and Grameen Bank of Bengal. It provides a strong basis for the reference and transplantation of the market access system of village and town banks in China. The fifth part is to put forward the idea of perfecting the market access system of village and town banks in our country. Through the main problems put forward in the third part, combined with the fourth part of the foresight of foreign countries. This paper summarizes a set of market access system in line with the unique national conditions of our country, which makes its subject qualification system, registered capital system, business access system, employee access system and so on more in line with the law of market operation. It provides institutional guarantee for the efficient, scientific and stable development of village and town banks.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D922.281

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