【摘要】：偏頗性清償是破產(chǎn)法上特有的概念,在各國(guó)破產(chǎn)法中占據(jù)著非常重要的地位。目前,我國(guó)《破產(chǎn)法》采納了撤銷(xiāo)權(quán)制度對(duì)偏頗性清償進(jìn)行規(guī)制,但是對(duì)偏頗性清償?shù)臉?gòu)成要件(尤其是主觀要件)、關(guān)系人等問(wèn)題均沒(méi)有作出具體規(guī)定,對(duì)偏頗性清償撤銷(xiāo)的例外規(guī)定也過(guò)于原則,同國(guó)外立法相距甚遠(yuǎn)。破產(chǎn)法司法解釋(二)從實(shí)踐的角度對(duì)偏頗性清償撤銷(xiāo)制度進(jìn)行調(diào)整和完善,具有一定的進(jìn)步意義,然而,對(duì)諸如基于公權(quán)力的自愿履行或強(qiáng)制履行是否能夠撤銷(xiāo)等內(nèi)容,在理論界與實(shí)務(wù)界仍然存在許多分歧。所以,在當(dāng)代破產(chǎn)法學(xué)視野下,對(duì)偏頗性清償相關(guān)理論及制度進(jìn)行研究就顯得尤為重要。全文正文共分為四個(gè)部分:第一部分是關(guān)于偏頗性清償?shù)幕A(chǔ)理論的闡述。本部分首先從立法和學(xué)說(shuō)兩方面入手界定了偏頗性清償?shù)膬?nèi)涵,進(jìn)而基于同欺詐性轉(zhuǎn)讓的對(duì)比來(lái)闡明其基本特征,最后探討了對(duì)偏頗性清償進(jìn)行規(guī)制的正當(dāng)性。第二部分是關(guān)于偏頗性清償?shù)臉?gòu)成要件的分析。本部分首先在考察各國(guó)立法例的基礎(chǔ)上,分析、認(rèn)定偏頗性清償?shù)闹骺陀^構(gòu)成要件。其次,分析了各國(guó)立法針對(duì)關(guān)系人的特殊規(guī)定,包括對(duì)關(guān)系人的范圍界定、兩大法系對(duì)關(guān)系人的特殊規(guī)制方式。第三部分是關(guān)于偏頗性清償?shù)姆珊蠊木唧w分析。本部分首先論述了偏頗性清償因不同的破產(chǎn)立法原則而產(chǎn)生的兩種不同的法律后果,即無(wú)效和可撤銷(xiāo)。其次,針對(duì)可撤銷(xiāo)的法律后果,對(duì)其在各國(guó)破產(chǎn)法律制度中的一般規(guī)則與例外規(guī)定進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析,以明確其和我國(guó)立法及實(shí)踐的相容程度。第四部分是關(guān)于我國(guó)偏頗性清償?shù)牧⒎ìF(xiàn)狀與完善。本部分在對(duì)立法和司法解釋進(jìn)行梳理的基礎(chǔ)上,闡明了我國(guó)目前偏頗性清償規(guī)則存在的問(wèn)題。然后,結(jié)合上述各部分的論證,并根據(jù)我國(guó)的具體情況提出相應(yīng)的立法完善措施。
[Abstract]:Biased liquidation is a unique concept in bankruptcy law, which occupies a very important position in the bankruptcy law of various countries. At present, the bankruptcy Law of our country has adopted the system of rescission right to regulate the partial liquidation, but it has not made any specific provisions on the constituent elements (especially the subjective elements) of the partial liquidation, the related persons and so on. The exception to the cancellation of biased liquidation is also too principle, far from the foreign legislation. The judicial interpretation of bankruptcy law (2) adjusts and perfects the biased liquidation revocation system from the perspective of practice, which has certain progressive significance. However, it is of great significance to study whether voluntary or compulsory performance based on public power can be revoked or not. There are still many differences between theory and practice. Therefore, in the perspective of modern bankruptcy law, it is particularly important to study the theory and system of biased liquidation. The text is divided into four parts: the first part is about the basic theory of partial liquidation. This part first defines the connotation of biased liquidation from the two aspects of legislation and doctrine, then clarifies its basic characteristics based on the comparison with fraudulent transfer, and finally discusses the legitimacy of the regulation of biased liquidation. The second part is the analysis of the elements of partial liquidation. This part first analyzes the subjective and objective elements of bias settlement on the basis of investigating the legislative cases of various countries. Secondly, it analyzes the special provisions of the relevant parties in the legislation of various countries, including the definition of the scope of the related persons and the special regulation methods of the two legal systems. The third part is the specific analysis of the legal consequences of biased liquidation. This part first discusses two different legal consequences, namely invalidity and revocability, which result from different principles of bankruptcy legislation. Secondly, in view of the legal consequences of revocability, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the general rules and exceptions in the bankruptcy legal systems of various countries in order to clarify their compatibility with the legislation and practice of our country. The fourth part is about the legislation status quo and perfection of our country's biased liquidation. On the basis of combing the legislative and judicial interpretations, this part clarifies the problems existing in the current biased settlement rules in China. Then, combined with the above-mentioned argument, and according to the specific situation of our country, put forward the corresponding legislative improvement measures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.291.92

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