【摘要】：長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以來(lái),鐵路運(yùn)輸業(yè)一直是關(guān)系一國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的重要行業(yè),傳統(tǒng)理論認(rèn)為鐵路運(yùn)輸業(yè)屬于自然壟斷行業(yè),因此不受壟斷法的約束。然而,隨著相關(guān)理論的發(fā)展進(jìn)步,我鐵路運(yùn)輸業(yè)逐漸適用反壟斷法。2008年,我國(guó)通過(guò)了《反壟斷法》,該法的出臺(tái)意味著我國(guó)法律制度逐漸得到健全與完善,然而這并沒(méi)有改變鐵路運(yùn)輸行業(yè)所擁有的壟斷地位,壟斷經(jīng)營(yíng),效率低下;立法滯后,適用不足;反壟斷執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)欠妥當(dāng)及不合理的運(yùn)輸價(jià)格形成機(jī)制等問(wèn)題仍然存在。目前,我國(guó)鐵路運(yùn)輸業(yè)適用反壟斷法正處于轉(zhuǎn)軌時(shí)期,要讓這一行業(yè)盡快走上可持續(xù)發(fā)展道路,提高鐵路運(yùn)輸業(yè)的有序性,全面實(shí)現(xiàn)改革目標(biāo),打破壟斷的局面,建立具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性特點(diǎn)的市場(chǎng),所以利用發(fā)壟斷法對(duì)該行業(yè)進(jìn)行規(guī)制面臨很多棘手的問(wèn)題,我們要清醒地認(rèn)識(shí)到這是一場(chǎng)長(zhǎng)期的戰(zhàn)役,必須通過(guò)法律層面的引導(dǎo)與支持并進(jìn)行各項(xiàng)制度的完善才能進(jìn)行推進(jìn)和規(guī)范。因此,對(duì)我國(guó)鐵路運(yùn)輸業(yè)適用反壟斷法問(wèn)題進(jìn)行深入分析和研究是十分必要的。本文由四部分組成,第一部分,闡述鐵路運(yùn)輸業(yè)適用反壟斷法相關(guān)理論,并對(duì)我國(guó)鐵路運(yùn)輸業(yè)進(jìn)行定性。第二部分,首先對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)鐵路運(yùn)輸業(yè)所經(jīng)歷的變遷史進(jìn)行歸納分析,揭示出這一行業(yè)壟斷形勢(shì)背后的問(wèn)題,闡述通過(guò)反壟斷法對(duì)該行業(yè)進(jìn)行約束和規(guī)范的重要意義。第三部分,則比較分析了其他國(guó)家鐵路運(yùn)輸業(yè)的歷史和現(xiàn)狀,同時(shí)歸納總結(jié)相關(guān)成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)。第四部分,在上述研究的基礎(chǔ)上,從推進(jìn)“網(wǎng)運(yùn)分離”、完善反壟斷法律體系、完善反壟斷執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)、完善價(jià)格形成模式、參與自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中立”條款合作五個(gè)層面給出了鐵路運(yùn)輸業(yè)適用反壟斷法的相關(guān)對(duì)策。
[Abstract]:For a long time, railway transportation industry has been an important industry related to the national economy and social development of a country. The traditional theory holds that railway transportation industry belongs to the natural monopoly industry, so it is not restricted by the law of ridging. However, with the development and progress of relevant theories, China's railway transportation industry gradually applies the anti-monopoly law. In 2008, China passed the Anti-monopoly Law, which means that the legal system of our country has been gradually improved and perfected. However, this does not change the monopoly position of railway transportation industry, monopoly operation, low efficiency, lagging legislation, inadequate application, inadequate anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies and unreasonable transport price formation mechanism still exists. At present, the application of anti-monopoly law in China's railway transport industry is in a transitional period. It is necessary for this industry to embark on the road of sustainable development as soon as possible, to improve the order of the railway transport industry, to achieve the goal of reform in an all-round way, and to break the situation of monopoly. The establishment of a competitive market, so the use of ridging to regulate the industry faces a lot of thorny problems, we must be soberly aware that this is a long-term battle, Only through the guidance and support of the legal level and the perfection of the various systems can we carry out the promotion and standardization. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and study the application of anti-monopoly law in railway transportation industry. This paper consists of four parts. The first part expounds the relevant theories of the application of antimonopoly law in railway transportation industry, and carries on the qualitative analysis to the railway transportation industry of our country. In the second part, the author summarizes and analyzes the vicissitude history of domestic railway transportation industry, reveals the problems behind the monopoly situation of this industry, and expounds the significance of restricting and standardizing the industry through anti-monopoly law. In the third part, the history and present situation of railway transportation in other countries are compared and summarized. The fourth part, on the basis of the above research, from the "separation of network transport", improve the anti-monopoly legal system, improve anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies, improve the price formation model, Five levels of cooperation in the competition clause of the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) are put forward, and the relevant countermeasures for the application of antimonopoly law in the railway transportation industry are given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華僑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.294

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